Abstract Objective: Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are an important tool for detecting latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Insufficient data exist about IGRA specificity in college health centers, most of which screen students for LTBI using the tuberculin skin test (TST). Participants: Students at a low-TB incidence college health center. Methods: ...

BACKGROUND: International nursing electives have been identified as a positive learning experience for students. However, whilst there are risks associated with international student placements in general, there is a scarcity of research specifically relating to student nurse's experiences of risk. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate UK undergraduate student nurse ...

There is a need to investigate the effect of specific movement strategies in reducing biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in young female athletes. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the feasibility of implementing a novel movement strategy (Core-PAC) into a team warm-up prior to soccer training ...

This study aimed to examine the 12-month incidence and risk factors for the onset and persistence of low back pain (LBP) in undergraduate students. A 1-year prospective study was carried out among 684 healthy students in a large public university in Thailand. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and ...

The first Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) program in North America was recently implemented in Ontario, Canada to stimulate the generation of electricity from renewable sources. The life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and economics of electricity generation through anaerobic digestion (AD) of household source-separated organic waste (HSSOW) are investigated within the FiT ...

mcmahon s., talley k. & wyman j. (2011) Older people's perspectives on fall risk and fall prevention programs: a literature review. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 289-298 doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2011.00299.x Despite evidence supporting fall prevention methods, fall-related injury and death rates continue to rise. Understanding older people's views on fall risk ...

This quality improvement project collected and analyzed short-term weight gain data for patients with restrictive eating disorders (EDs) treated in outpatient adolescent medicine-based ED programs nationally. Data on presentation and treatment of low-weight ED patients aged 9-21 years presenting in 2006 were retrospectively collected from 11 independent ED programs at ...

This study estimates the cost reduction and increase for the final disposal/cleanup cost associated with the categorization of inert waste landfills (IWLs) in Japan, where only inert industrial waste is disposed. The expense for final disposal has been reduced, since inert waste is disposed of in IWLs at a lower ...

Abstract Purpose . The population of military veterans attending college is rapidly growing as veterans return from Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). We sought to describe patterns of student veterans' health-related behaviors and how they might differ from their nonveteran peers. Design . We analyzed data from ...

The global HIV prevention community is implementing voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) programs across eastern and southern Africa, with a goal of reaching 80% coverage in adult males by 2015. Successful implementation will depend on the accessibility of commodities essential for VMMC programming and the appropriate allocation of resources to ...

This study examined the effectiveness of a number sense program on kindergarten students' number proficiency and responsiveness to treatment as a function of students' risk for mathematics difficulties. The program targeted development of relationships among numbers (e.g., spatial, more and less). A total of 101 kindergarten students (not at risk: ...

Objective: This article describes the development and pilot testing of Seniors on the MOVE (Mature Operators Vehicular Education), a safe driving education program for older adults. The study aims are to describe driving experiences and habits of a community sample of older drivers and to determine whether the program reduces ...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine adults' Willingness To Pay (WTP) for CardioVascular Disease (CVD) intervention programs of different intensities.Methods: Three hundred fourteen participants were randomized to two study conditions: (i) CVD risk assessment/communication; (ii) CVD risk assessment/communication + a behavior change program. The behavior change program ...

Lifestyle modification has been demonstrated to effectively reduce the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, but there is a perception that it is costly to administer and resource. The present study examined the results achieved by a 30-day lifestyle modification program (Coronary Health Improvement Project) delivered by volunteers in a ...

Information on cost-effectiveness of multiple-risk-factor lifestyle interventions for Latinas with diabetes is lacking. The aim of this paper is to evaluate costs and cost-effectiveness for ¡Viva Bien!, a randomized trial targeting Latinas with type 2 diabetes. We estimated 6-month costs; calculated incremental costs per behavioral, biologic, and quality-of-life change; and ...

CIOs and HIM directors are laying the groundwork for the ICD-10 transition by performing critical risk assessments, beginning training programs for clinicians and coders, and figuring out what all this is going to cost.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the risk for developing incident hypertension (HTN) in adolescents with pre-hypertension. STUDY DESIGN: A secondary analysis of students participating in multiple school-based blood pressure (BP) screens from 2000 to 2007 was completed. At each screen, height, weight, and 2 to 4 BPs were measured on as many ...

This study examined the efficacy of a brief (four session) intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention program (Building a Lasting Love, Langhinrichsen-Rohling et al. 2005) that was designed to reduce the relationship violence of predominantly African American inner-city adolescent girls (n = 72) who were receiving teen pregnancy services. These high-risk girls were ...

OBJECTIVE: Manic-depression/bipolar disorder was linked to creativity, with affective temperaments allegedly favoring creative expression and achievement, but a few studies only empirically tested the link. METHODS: 152 undergraduate students attending preparatory courses for creative artistic professions and 152 students in areas expected to lead to a profession mostly requiring the ...

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of acute morbidity and lost work time in the United States. Few studies have looked at building design and transmission of ARIs. Objectives: This study explores the association of ventilation design, room occupancy numbers, and training week with ARI rates in Army ...

Two studies are reported that investigate the applicability of prospect theory to college students' academic decision making. Exp. 1 failed to provide support for the risk-seeking portion of the fourfold pattern predicted by prospect theory but did find the greater weighting of losses over gains. Using a more sensitive dependent ...

In its first decade, the goals of the Geisinger Health System Osteoporosis Program at its inception were to increase awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoporosis and to monitor predefined outcomes. The program was innovative in that it crossed specialties and regions and used guidelines in an effective manner. In addition, ...

A systematic review by Barclay-Goddard et al (2004) reported that force platform feedback improved stance symmetry but not sway, clinical balance outcomes, or measures of independence in adults with stroke. However, the role of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) systems was not explored. The purpose of this case report was to ...

OBJECTIVES:: To examine whether a Web-based health and leadership development program-designed specifically for managers-was associated with changes in self-reported and biometric indicators of cardiovascular disease within the context of a randomized control trial. METHODS:: A total of 145 managers from 8 organizations participated in a 6-month Internet-based program or a ...

Current programs aimed at reducing intimate partner violence (IPV) have demonstrated little effect on at-risk males, who may potentially engage in acts of IPV. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) provides the conceptual and empirical foundation for the dialectical psychoeducational workshop (DPEW). The DPEW offers a targeted preventative intervention for individuals potentially ...

Background: Finding effective and efficient options for training mental health professionals to assess and manage suicide risk is a high priority. Aims: To test whether an innovative, brief workshop can improve provider knowledge, confidence, and written risk assessment in a multidisciplinary sample of ambulatory and acute services professionals and trainees. ...

ABSTRACT: Study Design: Prospective observational study.Objective: This study aims to quantify the incidence of intra-operative waste in spine surgery, and to examine the efficacy of an educational program directed at surgeons to induce a reduction in the intra-operative waste.Summary of background data: Each year, over 600 000 surgical interventions are ...

The advances in robot-assisted surgery in gynecology evolved after most practicing gynecologists had already completed residency training. Postgraduate training in new technology for gynecologists in practice is limited. Therefore, gynecologists with insufficient training who perform robot-assisted surgery may potentially be at risk for liability. In addition to the traditional medical ...

Hospitals and health systems should assess the risks of participation in Medicare's Shared Savings Program before deciding whether to participate: Start-up costs will likely be prohibitive. The ACO will lack key tools needed to drive down unnecessary medical costs. Participating providers would have to accept significant downside risk for costs ...

Brochures containing messages developed according to the Extended Parallel Process Model were deployed to increase intentions to use hearing protection for college students. These brochures were presented to one-half of a college student sample, after which a questionnaire was administered to assess perceptions of threat, efficacy, and behavioral intentions. The ...

Prevention of falls is an issue of concern for all hospitalized patients. Certain units, however, may be at higher risk for falls due to patient diagnosis, comorbidities, and other intrinsic factors. Creation of a unit-specific fall-prevention program may be more effective at reducing incidence of falls in the adult orthopaedic ...

OBJECTIVE: Contracting Q fever during pregnancy carries a risk of developing obstetric complications. The aim of this study was to gain insight into pregnant women's decisions regarding participation in a future Q fever screening and treatment program. METHODS: Pregnant women (N = 148) in Q fever high-risk areas in The ...

Background: Programs designed to detect students at risk of depression and suicidality have shown success (<citationReference id="cr35-1" rid="c35">Shaffer et al., 2004</citationReference>). Aims: The current study sought to examine whether or not such a program was acceptable to participants and whether or not it caused distress. Methods: Participants were boys aged ...

Risk scores based on modifiable factors have recently been developed for dementia. This study aims to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a potential preventive intervention program meant to lower the score related to increased dementia risk. Analyses were based on a Markov model adapted to Swedish circumstances. Risk score categories and ...

The Clean Air Regulatory Agenda (CARA) Mercury Science Program was developed to provide scientific information to support regulatory activities and accountability pertaining to atmospheric emissions of mercury in Canada. The first phase of the science program, entitled "Setting-the-Baseline", sought to achieve the following: identify key indicators of the state-of-the-Canadian environment ...

The external (environmental and social) costs of landfilling (e.g. emissions to air, soil and water; and 'disamenities' such as odours and pests) are difficult to quantify in monetary terms, and are therefore not generally reflected in waste disposal charges or taken into account in decision making regarding waste management options. ...

Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of Internet addiction in a nationally representative sample of college students and to identify any associated psychosocial risk factors. The present study was constructed using a cross-sectional design with 3,616 participants. Participants were surveyed during the middle of the ...

Endurance athletes have an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) at 40 to 50 years of age. Signal-averaged P-wave analysis has been used for identifying patients at risk for AF. We evaluated the impact of lifetime training hours on signal-averaged P-wave duration and modifying factors. Nonelite men athletes scheduled ...

Shared Risk programs require adherence to core principles: transparency, patient autonomy, and appropriate medical care. These programs improve utilization of and perseverance with fertility treatment, receiving strong patient endorsements.

This article highlights findings from an evaluation that explored the impact of mobile versus clinic-based testing, rapid versus central-lab based testing, incentives for testing, and the use of a computer counseling program to guide counseling and automate evaluation in a mobile program reaching people of color at risk for HIV. ...

Tachycardia Detection, ICD, CRT-D Devices, Appropriate and Inappropriate Shock. Introduction: We evaluated the frequency of appropriate and inappropriate shocks and survival in patients using dual-zone programming versus single-zone programming. Methods and Results: For the ALTITUDE REDUCES study, patients were followed for 1.6 ± 1.1 years. The 12-month incidence of any shock ...

ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: •  Practitioners within learning disability services rarely use organized actuarial assessments, preferring intuitive ones based on observation. •  There is little difference in risk assessment according to professional discipline. •  Sex offenders with learning disabilities require more systematic assessment to differentiate them from non-learning-disabled sex offenders. ABSTRACT: This ...

Fall-related deaths among the older adult segment of the population constitute a growing public health concern that is largely preventable. A growing body of research has identified a number of effective intervention strategies that can lower the incidence of falls and/or risk factors that contribute to heightened fall risk. One ...

In two experiments, we analyzed cross-cultural differences in understanding and recalling information about medical risks in two countries--Germany and Spain--whose students differ substantially in their quantitative literacy according to the 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; OECD, 2003, 2010). We further investigated whether risk understanding can be enhanced by ...

To compare the effects of a pedometer-based behavioral intervention (Fitness for Life [FFL] program) and a traditional high-intensity fitness (TRAD) program on physical activity (PA), Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT), and coronary heart disease risk factors in Army National Guard members who failed the APFT 2-mile run. From a pool ...

The potential for legal liability involving faculty members and students in higher education settings is a topic that warrants serious attention by administrators. Specific areas identified as high risk include dismissal of a faculty member, denial of tenure, misappropriation of grant-funding, intellectual property conflicts, Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) ...

Healthcare professionals are at risk of experiencing violent and aggressive behaviour from patients. This is most notable in those with least experience, such as students, yet little reported research has considered the experiences of physiotherapy students. The aims of this study were to: (1) explore the incidence and nature of ...

Aims: This study aims at biological, knowledgeable, behavioral and health-related quality of life effects of self-dosing of phosphate binders before and after an education program in patients with CKD. Material and methods: The following 12-month study included 43 patients with CKD Stage 4 - 5 and plasma phosphate levels repeatedly ...

Objective: This paper describes and compares exemplary work-based education (WBE) programs in Ontario Canada designed to meet the needs of two groups of vulnerable youth - at-risk youth and youth with severe disabilities.Participants: Two focus group interviews were held, one with professionals from exemplary programs designed to meet the needs ...

Chiropractic students often serve as subjects in laboratories where they and their classmates practice examinations, various soft tissue techniques, physiological therapeutic modalities, and active rehabilitation. There are contraindications and risks associated with these procedures. This article describes how a procedure was developed to identify potential health concerns and risks that ...