PURPOSE: A direct mail survey of residents and young practitioners in ophthalmology was undertaken to assess the extent and effectiveness of residency training relating to contact lenses. METHODS: The respondents, 135 residents and 124 young practitioners, represented 117 of the 128 residency programs in the United States. The questionnaire dealt ...

After spending 15 years in university, Dr. Robert Patterson recently received the right to write FRCSC after his name, and then began to look for gainful employment as a general surgeon. It was a long and frustrating search. He recounts how he finally found work in northern Alberta, and wonders ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The development of curriculum guidelines for radiology residency has been found to be favored by 80% of program directors (PDs) nationwide. I surveyed PDs to develop a consensus of opinion concerning minimum training requirements in the subspecialty rotations. METHODS: A survey developed by members of the Ad ...

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus about the best way to teach fiberoptic intubation. This study assesses the effectiveness of a training program in which novice anesthetic residents routinely were taught fiberoptic tracheal intubation of anesthetized, paralyzed, apneic patients. METHODS: Eight inexperienced anesthetic residents learned fiberoptic and conventional tracheal intubation simultaneously ...

Of 221 psychiatric residents at four U.S. medical schools, 145 responded to a survey about their training and clinical experience in recognizing domestic violence and providing referrals and treatment. Only 28 percent reported receiving training in this area. Almost half reported that they asked about domestic violence in less than ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Wide variability exists in the amount of regional anesthesia practice to which residents are exposed during training. The number of attempts at various blocks before a trainee becomes proficient at performing these regional anesthetic techniques is not known. This study addresses the question: What is the minimum ...

Because fewer stapedectomies are performed today, concern has focused on whether or not residents are adequately trained in stapedectomy techniques. A retrospective study was done of patients undergoing stapedectomy over the last 11 years. This series represents primary resident-assisted cases performed under direct supervision of the attending surgeon. For 102 ...

BACKGROUND: Faculty, residents, and staff of programs that fail to match in the National Resident Matching Program may develop a Post-Match Disorder (PMD) that can threaten a program's self-esteem, teamwork, and ability to function. The symptoms of PMD include manifestations of shock, anger, and depression. This report describes the experience ...

We examined the specific number of surgeries necessary for a three-year obstetrics and gynecology resident to acquire proficiency in two types of hysterectomies. Improvement in the technical skills of the residents was assessed using surgical time and blood loss, and resected tumor weight was chosen as the factor representing the ...

"This article outlines the standard neoclassical model (SNM) of the impact of immigration on the incomes of the resident (pre-immigration) population. We augment the SNM to allow for foreign ownership of and government equity in the capital stock. Using the expanded model, the sensitivity of residents' incomes to immigration is ...

This paper examines the impact of shorter inpatient lengths of stay on residency education, and adaptations in training and supervision that facilitate effective learning experiences on a short-term inpatient unit. The caseloads of three PGY II psychiatric residents at the University of Rochester's Strong Memorial Hospital during three months of ...

In 1993, the Association of Residents in Radiation Oncology (ARRO) conducted its tenth annual survey of all residents training in radiation oncology in the United States. The characteristics of current residents are described. Factors influencing the choice of Radiation Oncology as a medical specialty, and posttraining career plans were identified. ...

"Hypotheses about remigration by immigrants are investigated using longitudinal data from the 1970s for immigrants to Israel. The main finding is that experience of unemployment during the first year in Israel does not, on the whole, help predict subsequent remigration. The propensity to remigrate varies inversely with age for most ...

Significant social and economic pressures on academic medicine to become more cost conscious and scientifically accountable have led to new tensions in psychiatric residency training. Failure to distinguish between changes in practice derived from scientific advances and those derived from other sources has major implications for the education of future ...

Eight years after opening, the patient mix on a 64-bed Special Care Unit (SCU) for Alzheimer's residents had become too diverse to allow the intended programming to be carried out. The unit was carefully reconfigured with residents moving within, to, and from the unit. Successful moves typically involve residents in ...

The pattern and frequency of patient encounters during the Boston (Mass) University adult neurology residency program (1988 to 1991) for one resident was compared with that in general neurology practice as well as with the frequency of neurologic disorders in the US population. A total of 1332 new patients (85% ...

In Colombia, as in the United States, homicide occurs disproportionately among urban residents (1,2). Homicide rates in the city of Cali, Colombia (1994 population: 1,776,436), increased fivefold from 1985 through 1992, reaching levels of 100 per 100,000 persons. Because of this increase, in 1992 the city of Cali established the ...

Long work hours during residency are a time-honored tradition. Efforts have recently been made to shorten work hours. This paper examines the main arguments supporting reform: that sleep deprivation is harmful to patients and residents and that it is exploitative. Because the data on the harms and benefits are mixed ...

A program teaching laparoscopic sterilization using local anesthesia was developed and implemented in a large residency program in which sterilization using general anesthesia was already being taught in a traditional fashion. Important steps for the development of such a program included the designation of an individual with overall responsibility for ...

The correlation between the surgeons training and skill and the speech after primary repair was tested using the reoperation rate as a measure for success in 439 cleft palate/cleft lip and palate (CP/CLP) patients operated at the average age of 22 months by 4 specialists and 4 residents. The reoperation ...

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is now taught in most otolaryngology residency programs in the United States. However, this is technically challenging surgery and concerns exist regarding patient safety early in the surgeon's learning curve. The authors reviewed 193 cases of ESS performed by residents, under faculty supervision at our program, ...

PURPOSE: We characterize infertility training in urology residency programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot survey was sent to randomly selected urological training programs. The modified final survey was sent to 126 approved urological residencies in North America. RESULTS: Of the 126 surveys 110 (87%) were returned. Among the programs 38% ...

OBJECTIVE: To quantify one aspect of emergency medicine (EM) training by determining the proportion of emergency procedures performed by emergency physicians (EPs) in EDs with EM residency programs (EMRPs). METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive survey of all allopathic EMRPs accredited by the EM Residency Review Committee (RRC-EM) as of July 1, 1993. ...

BACKGROUND: This study was a first initiative to evaluate the application of social marketing theory (SMT) to increase attendance at an alcohol abuse education program for university residence hall students and to ascertain whether aggressive recruitment strategies are necessary as part of the stepped approach model (SAM) of service delivery. ...

In the fall of 1993, I had the privilege of spending 3 months as a Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) International Visiting Professor at the Kaunas Medical Academy in Lithuania. This visiting professor program was started in 1986 and is funded by the RSNA Research and Education Fund [1]. ...

The authors examine the algorithm used by the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP) in its centralized matching of applicants to U.S. residency programs ("the Match"). Their goal is to evaluate the current NRMP matching algorithm to determine whether it still fulfills its intended purpose adequately and whether changes could be ...

In July 1994, current occupational and environmental medicine (OEM) residents (n = 180) were surveyed about their motivation for decisions to enter OEM residencies, near-term and long-term career goals, and their opinions on various strategies for recruitment to the field. A total of 151 persons responded (84%), representing all 40 ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The scheduling of radiology residents remains a major annual undertaking of chief residents. In this article, we describe a paradigm to implement interactive computer programs to reduce the inefficiencies and inequities of planning the yearly schedule. METHODS: We used the programming language, Prolog, to develop a compact ...

Most graduating medical students in the United States find their first professional appointments through the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP). This service receives rank-order lists of preferences from students and from hospitals, and then generates final assignments of students to hospitals through the use of a specific computerized matching algorithm. ...

Between 1988 and 1993, Wyoming reduced the census of its only state institution for persons with mental retardation by more than 50%, with a significant percentage occurring as a result of a class action suit in 1990. This article demonstrates the similarities between the characteristics of the individuals who left ...

OBJECTIVES: To survey emergency medicine (EM) residents regarding moonlighting practices and perceptions for clarifying: 1) resident moonlighting remuneration; 2) any association of perceived educational debt with moonlighting income and hours; and 3) perceptions related to moonlighting (including motivations, impact on resident training, and potential medicolegal difficulties). METHODS: A confidential, voluntary ...

A survey was made of 155 anesthesiology residency programs in the United States to determine the patterns of use, responsibility for interpretation, and training of those responsible for intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Survey questions included numbers and types of cases for which TEE is used, who interprets TEE data and ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This informal prospective study was designed to document the long-term effectiveness of a radiology department policy memorandum as a communication tool. A memorandum outlining the departmental policy regarding radiographic imaging of pregnant or possibly pregnant patients served as the study model. METHODS: A departmental obstetric policy memorandum ...

This study outlines current trends in the education of psychiatric residents in forensic psychiatry. As general psychiatrists are more frequently confronted with issues pertaining to psychiatry and the law, residency training in these areas becomes increasingly important. In order to study the educational experience of psychiatric residents in forensic psychiatry, ...

BACKGROUND: Many family practice residency programs use the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) in their educational programs. Our purpose was to study the relationship between learning style, as determined by MBTI personality preferences, and residents' cognitive knowledge acquisition, measured by in-service training examination (ISTE) scores during the first and third years ...

This study performed a surveillance of a defined population in central Wisconsin during a two-year period that included six months of follow-up. The study included those who worked and lived on farms and those who only worked on farms. The injury rate for farm residents was 3.15 injuries per 100 ...

There is increasing interest in psychiatry in women's and gender issues. This article evaluates psychiatric residents' interest in women's issues during training. The authors surveyed residents at four psychiatric residency programs to evaluate their opinions on the teaching of women's issues. Residents rated this topic an important one, but felt ...

Oxford House is a self-help, self-governed, democratic communal-living environment for recovering alcoholics and polysubstance abusers. In this study, 134 male residents (M age = 34 years old) were personally interviewed on their recovery process and, in particular, on their experience with 12-step programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Most residents ...

Psychiatric residency training directors are faced with the daunting challenge of incorporating an avalanche of neuroscientific advance into their programs. This survey of U.S. psychiatric residency training directors reveals that 1) the majority of residency directors consider that neuropsychiatry should fall under the purview of psychiatry and 2) many programs ...

There have been a number of recent attempts to establish guidelines and curricula for training of general psychiatry residents in geriatric psychiatry. However, concerns have arisen as to whether or not many training programs have the resources necessary to train residents using these guidelines. In an attempt to determine how ...

PURPOSE: To determine the current level of formal training in ocular anesthesia provided to nonophthalmologist physicians, the rationale for this training or lack thereof, and the perceived need for this training by anesthesia residency training programs. METHODS: A two-page survey questionnaire was forwarded to all residency directors of ophthalmology and ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether pregnancy was better tolerated by the individual female resident and the program as a whole after changes in the curriculum. STUDY DESIGN: The 1983 through 1992 graduates of an obstetrics-gynecology residency program were questioned to assess the stress experienced by all residents and ...

An introductory 4-week orientation for clinical pathology is described. There were 76 hours of lectures, 74 hours of conferences, and 68 hours of laboratories for a total of 221 hours. During the orientation, all calls handled by the residents were evaluated as to resolution, patient outcome, and interaction required. Eighty ...

In 1992 the Association of Residents in Radiation Oncology (ARRO) conducted its ninth annual survey of all residents in training. The survey identified perceived strengths and shortcomings of training. Factors influencing the choice of Radiation Oncology as a medical specialty were identified. Residents raised concerns over the adequacy and preparation ...

The issues surrounding pregnancy during residency training include length of maternity leave, coverage during that leave, and relationships among resident colleagues. With more women entering medicine, the likelihood of a majority of residents in any postgraduate year being pregnant at one time has increased. This study presents an in-depth view ...

The popularity of the Residents' Competition at the annual meeting of the Canadian Anaesthetists' Society inspired this 25 yr review of the competitors and their presentations. Data were collected from a questionnaire survey of all participants and all current Anaesthesia programme directors, review of the Canadian Anaesthetists' Society records, and ...

BACKGROUND: The Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program (OKAP) Task Force of the American Academy of Ophthalmology has reviewed the present OKAP examination and addressed the goals of this resident-in-training examination. Simultaneously, the American Board of Ophthalmology has been assessing its Written Qualifying Examination (WQE) as a certifying tool. METHOD: The history ...

This is an analysis of the floating population in China, defined as "those people who travel beyond a certain limit, leave their registered permanent residence temporarily, and travel to and from their homes on an irregular basis. It includes temporary residents (including those who have temporary residency permits for six ...

The author describes a psychopharmacology education program administered by a psychiatric clinical pharmacist. The program included biweekly lectures and psychopharmacology review rounds for junior psychiatry residents. This teaching program suggests that a psychiatric clinical pharmacist may favorably contribute to the optimum usage of psychotropic drugs, especially in those residency years ...

OBJECTIVES: The authors assessed to what extent radiology teaching programs employed dedicated chest radiologists and their functions. METHODS: Information regarding the clinical, teaching, and research role of the chest radiologist was available from responses to a survey of radiology departments with residency training programs in the United States and Canada. ...