The purpose of the current article is to encourage discussion among stakeholders about the viability and benefits of predoctoral prescriptive authority (RxP) training. The existing APA model curriculum for RxP training requires that such training is postdoctoral. However, predoctoral models are potentially viable and offer several distinct advantages: reducing the ...

Cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention (CR/SP) programs are considered standard of care and provide critically important resources for optimizing the care of cardiac patients. The objective of this article is to briefly review the evolution of CR/SP programs from a singular exercise intervention to its current, more comprehensive multifaceted approach. In addition, ...

The purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate an iPad (Apple) application, Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice (ADOC), so as to promote shared decision-making in an occupation-based goal setting. This application involves the client choosing from 94 illustrations describing daily activities related to the category of "activities ...

INTRODUCTION:: In this study designed with adequate statistical power to detect relevant training effects, investigators evaluated Crisis Resource Management (CRM) training during a simulated patient crisis. This study is guided by the Team Effectiveness Conceptual Model by Kozlowski and Ilgen. METHODS:: An experimental pretest/posttest design was used. Four-member, interdisciplinary teams, ...

INTRODUCTION:: Simulation will soon become the standard method of training in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP). Deliberate practice (DP) using simulation has been shown to improve performance in other areas of medicine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DP using simulation on improving NRP performance. ...

INTRODUCTION:: Simulation is an effective teaching tool, but many hospitals do not possess the space or finances to support traditional simulation centers. Our objective is to describe the feasibility of an in situ simulation program model that uses minimal permanent space and "redirected" cost-neutral faculty educational time to address these ...

BACKGROUND: Physical examination (PE) of arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) has recently emerged as an important element in the detection of stenotic lesions. This study examines the accuracy of PE in the assessment of AVF dysfunction by non-interventionalists in comparison with angiography.METHODS: A total of 177 consecutive patients who had AVF dysfunction ...

This exploratory study examined the influences of student, teacher, and setting characteristics on kindergarteners' early reading outcomes and investigated whether those relations were moderated by type of intervention. Participants included 206 kindergarteners identified as at risk for reading difficulties and randomly assigned to one of two supplemental interventions: (a) an ...

Simulation in obstetrics allows us to practice in a safe environment. Simulations can improve the performance of individuals and obstetric teams. The evidence is overwhelming that, with simulated practice, obstetricians improve their technical and communication skills. Evidence is emerging that simulation ultimately may improve clinical outcomes. It stands to reason ...

OBJECTIVE: Midwives' ability to manage maternal deterioration and 'failure to rescue' are of concern with questions over knowledge, clinical skills and the implications for maternal morbidity and, mortality rates. In a simulated setting our objective was to assess student midwives' ability to assess, and manage maternal deterioration using measures of ...

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic surgery requires working in a three-dimensional environment with a two-dimensional view. Skills such as depth perception, hand to eye co-ordination and bimanual manipulation are crucial to its efficacy. AIM: To compare the efficiency of training in laparoscopic skills on a VR simulator with a traditional box trainer. METHOD: ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Therapeutic massage and bodywork (TMB) practitioners are predominantly trained in programs that are not uniformly standardized, and in variable combinations of therapies. To date no studies have explored this variability in training and how this affects clinical practice. METHODS: Combined methods, consisting of a quantitative, population-based survey and ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: In China, illicit drug use and addiction have been rapidly increasing over the last two decades. Traditional compulsory rehabilitation models in China are widely considered ineffective. Recently, a new model of drug user rehabilitation called the 'Yulu Shequ Program' has gained a national reputation for successful rehabilitation in ...

Our long-term objective is to develop an auditory training program that will enhance speech recognition in those situations where patients most want improvement. As a first step, the current investigation trained participants using either a single talker or multiple talkers to determine if auditory training leads to transfer-appropriate gains. The ...

Purpose The development and implementation of an interdisciplinary oncology program in a community hospital are described. Summary Before the program was established, clinical pharmacists responsible for order entry and verification did not have a defined structure and resource to effectively communicate with medical oncologists and nurses on patient care issues ...

We designed, implemented and evaluated a 48-hour training program for community health workers (CHWs) deployed to diabetes care teams in community health centers (CHCs). The curriculum included core knowledge/skills with diabetes content to assist CHWs in developing patient self-management goals. Our qualitative evaluation included pre/post-knowledge outcomes and encounter data from ...

Men and women learned to discriminate between two different size angles presented to them as objects within a real-world task. During Experiment 1, participants in group 50 were trained to choose a 50° angle and participants in group 75 were trained to choose a 75° angle. During testing, both groups ...

Background  Despite recent recognition of the need for preventive sexual health materials for people with intellectual disability (ID), there have been remarkably few health-based interventions designed for people with mild to moderate ID. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a computer-based interactive multimedia (CBIM) program ...

PURPOSE.: To evaluate caregivers' experiences and outcomes following attendance at a patient-centered group-based self-management program called "Living with Low Vision." METHODS.: Participants were caregivers of adults with low vision. A pre-post study design evaluated the impact of the program on single-item indicators that assessed levels of understanding of low vision, ...

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) neuromuscular training programs have demonstrated beneficial effects in reducing ACL injuries, yet further evaluation of their effects on biomechanical measures across a sports team season is required to elucidate the specific factors that are modifiable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of ...

The Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS) has demonstrated some efficacy in the prediction of injuries and is thus used by many practitioners to make recommendations for exercise. However, questions remain regarding its utility as a means to evaluate the effectiveness of training. Sixty firefighters volunteered to participate and their FMS scores ...

ABSTRACT: The Ottawa Model of Smoking Cessation (OMSC) is a hospital-based smoking cessation program that is expanding across Canada. While the short-term effectiveness of hospital cessation programs has been documented, less is known about long-term sustainability. The purpose of this exploratory study was to understand how hospitals using the OMSC ...

Practical examinations in anatomy are usually conducted on specimens in the anatomy laboratory (referred to here as the "traditional" method). Recently, we have started to administer similar examinations online using the quiz facility in Moodle™. In this study, we compare student scores between two assessment environments viz. online and traditional ...

To identify generalizable ways that comorbidity affects older adults' experiences in a health service program directed toward an index condition and to develop a framework to assist clinicians in approaching comorbidity in the design, delivery, and evaluation of such interventions. A qualitative data content analysis of interview transcripts to identify ...

The beliefs and attitudes of health care providers may contribute to chronic low back pain (LBP) disability, influencing the recommendations that they provide to their patients. An excessively biomedical style of undergraduate training can increase negative beliefs and attitudes about LBP, whereas instruction following a biopsychosocial model could possibly lessen ...

Learning nonnative speech contrasts in adulthood has proven difficult. Standard training methods have achieved moderate effects using explicit instructions and performance feedback. In this study, the authors question preexisting assumptions by demonstrating a superiority of implicit training procedures. They trained 3 groups of Greek adults on a difficult Hindi contrast ...

We value skills we have learned intentionally, but equally important are skills acquired incidentally without ability to describe how or what is learned, referred to as implicit. Randomized practice schedules are superior to grouped schedules for long-term skill gained intentionally, but its relevance for implicit learning is not known. In ...

Objective. To compare student examination performance in pharmacotherapeutics before and after implementation of team-based learning.Design. After the traditional lecture and workshop method for teaching pharmacotherapeutics was replaced with team-based learning in January 2009, students were expected to come to class having read assigned chapters in order to successfully complete an ...

To evaluate pharmacy students' perceived benefits of the portfolio process and to gather suggestions for improving the process. A questionnaire was designed and administered to 250 first-, second-, and third-year pharmacy students at the University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Although the objectives of the portfolio process were for students ...

To develop and implement an elective course to increase pharmacy students' awareness of legislation that might affect the pharmacy profession and to promote advocacy for the profession. Students participated in class discussions regarding current legislative issues and methods to advocate for the pharmacy profession. Assignments included a student-led presentation of ...

BACKGROUND: Firefighters (FFs) and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel provide care in uncontrolled settings, where the risk of hand contamination is great and opportunities for handwashing are few. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about hand hygiene in this group have not been well reported. METHODS: Written surveys were administered to FFs ...

Background: The treatment of persisting psychotic symptoms with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBTp) is now established as an evidence-based treatment; however its availability remains limited. We piloted a novel CBTp skills-based group training program for carers. The aim was to reduce service users' auditory hallucinations severity through carers' use of basic ...

This paper presents a method for implementing multifunctional work teams in a footwear company that followed the Taylor/Ford system for decades. The suggested framework first applies a Learning Curve (LC) modeling to assess whether rotation between tasks of different complexities affects workers' learning rate and performance. Next, the Macroergonomic Work ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine potential effects of isometric non-machine-based training on the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the paravertebral muscles in volunteers who were participants in a prevention program. An increase in the CSA of back muscles after various machine-based exercises have been reported but non-machine-based ...

Being formed through learning a practice is best understood within a constitutive theory of meaning as articulated by Charles Taylor. Disengaged views of the person cannot account for the formative changes in a person's identity and capacities upon learning a professional practice. Representational or correspondence theories of meaning cannot account ...

Numerous constraints may limit the practical experience of surgical residents. Current research supports a need for structured curricula, skills acquisition, and feedback outside the operating room (OR) and formal assessment of technical skills. We examined the current state of surgical skill teaching and evaluation for Canadian residents across surgical specialties. ...

Mayhew, JL, Brechue, WF, Smith, AE, Kemmler, W, Lauber, D, and Koch, AJ. Impact of testing strategy on expression of upper-body work capacity and one repetition maximum prediction after resistance training in college-aged men and women. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The purpose of this study was to assess ...

Contemporary surgical training faces many challenges. However, modern technology, including internet-based resources, provides the trainee with a wealth of materials to complement their traditional teaching. YouTube is an online repository of video clips, and contains many instructional resources of value to the otolaryngology trainee.

OBJECTIVE: To report on the perceptions of a group of orthopaedic trainees and trainers on perceived effects of the proposed introduction of European Working Time Directive (EWTD) restrictions into Ireland and on the use of simulators in training orthopaedic skills. METHODS: A structured questionnaire was developed to evaluate the opinions ...

To identify barriers to the dissemination of empirically supported treatments (ESTs), a random sample of psychologists in independent practice (N=1291) was asked to complete measures of attitudes towards ESTs and willingness to attend a 3-hour, 1-day, or 3-day workshop in an EST of their choice. The strongest predictor of unwillingness ...

Fernandez-Fernandez, J, Zimek, R, Wiewelhove, T, and Ferrauti, A. High-intensity interval training vs. repeated-sprint training in tennis. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011-The aim of this study was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and repeated-sprint training (RST) on aerobic fitness, tennis-specific endurance, linear and repeated-sprint ...

Although technology-enhanced simulation has widespread appeal, its effectiveness remains uncertain. A comprehensive synthesis of evidence may inform the use of simulation in health professions education. To summarize the outcomes of technology-enhanced simulation training for health professions learners in comparison with no intervention. Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsychINFO, ...

The purpose of this study was to compare which learning outcomes relating to an Interprofessional Training Unit (ITU) experience were found to be most important by students and by alumni. A cohort of 428 students in the ITU was asked to write three short statements describing the most important learning ...

Introduction In recent years, a focus on workers' ability, rather than impairment, has guided disability management services. However, a challenge with the notion of 'ability' is identification of the border between ability and inability. This article considers this gray zone of disability management in the case of a workers' compensation ...

BACKGROUND: Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, was found along the west coast of the United States, beginning in 2008 and 2009, infesting a wide variety of small and stone fruit crops. This pest is a serious economic threat, as noted in its native range (Asia), because it lays ...

OBJECTIVE: to describe Australian midwifery academics' perceptions of the current barriers and enablers for simulation in midwifery education in Australia and the potential and resources required for simulation to be increased. DESIGN: a series of 11 focus groups/interviews were held in all states and territories of Australia with 46 participating ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Incoming otolaryngology residents are expected to triage and manage airway, bleeding, and other emergencies with little prior experience. Simulation-based education has become increasingly important as it provides tools to develop psychomotor skills and judgment early in residency, using realistic experiences while eliminating patient risk. We hypothesize that a Boot ...

Development of quality improvement (QI) skills and leadership for busy clinician-educators in academic medical centers is increasingly necessary, although it is challenging given limited resources. In response, the authors developed the Quality Scholars program for primary care teaching faculty. They conducted a needs assessment, evaluated existing internal and national resources, ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study is to describe the development, implementation, and success of recruitment and adherence strategies of 303 African American preadolescent girls and their primary caregiver in the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Studies (GEMS) program. METHODS: A socio-ecologic model was used to guide selection and implementation ...

Objective: The objective of the present study was to design and evaluate a novel, 'blended learning' approach to the teaching of paediatric resuscitation to medical students. Methods: Participants were recruited from the Graduate Medical Program at the University of Sydney. The course incorporated an initial e-learning module and a subsequent ...