Of 333 persons interviewed after a television show about the effects of melanoma, 113 (34%) saw the show and 73% believed that the sun protection/skin examination message applied to them. Fifty-six percent of persons examined their own skin and 36% examined someone else's skin after seeing the program. Fifteen persons ...

The Clinical Psychology Training Program at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln developed a rural mental health specialty to train psychologists to work in rural settings. Preliminary data indicate that the project was relatively successful in placing graduates in rural practice. But the needs for practitioners in rural communities clearly are greater ...

Gender disadvantage within the professions significantly affects the development of women doctors, resulting in morbidity and less than optimal development. Paradoxically, for a profession primarily concerned with the study of the vicissitudes of human development, psychiatry in Australia and New Zealand has yet to articulate those issues which bear directly ...

The purpose of this report is to clarify the issues and discongruities between educational preparation of doctoral program graduates and employer expectations (educational institutions), and to stimulate thinking concerning strategies that might be used by doctoral programs to more effectively prepare graduates to deal with an integrated professional role, including ...

The question, "What is virtue and how can it be taught?" has been with us for quite a while. H. Steven Moffic, John Coverdale, and Timothy Bayer address it in a particular setting -- psychiatric practice -- with a particular group of students -- GY-III residents -- and employ a ...

The present paper is a commentary on an article by Drew Leder [1]. Leder identifies a series of 'texts' in the clinical encounter, emphasizes the central role of interpretation in making sense of each of these texts, and articulates ordering principles to guide the interpretive work. The metaphor of clinical ...

A specific lecture course for medical students is described which elucidates the interactions of the role of initial doctor-patient and student-patient interviews in cases where psychotherapy is to be applied to the treatment of psychosomatic illnesses. The ultimate goal of this living-learning-based teaching system is to allow the student to ...

Starting from a general definition of psychoanalysis and with the aim of deepening our knowledge of the relationship between theory and practice, a scientific structure of psychotherapy is developed. The necessity of a training for doctors specialized in the field of psychotherapy has led us to design a training program ...

The present study examines the effectiveness of self-learning in interviewing skills training. Self-learning was carried out by self-evaluation of one's interviews by the use of an audiotape. Fifteen doctors specializing in internal medicine listened to their interviews and evaluated themselves against the suggested performance included in a rating scale. This ...

This study was designed to ascertain the activities performed by coordinated program directors, compare current activities with 5-year expectations, and identify differences in importance and time spent on 14 pertinent activities by directors with master's degrees and those with doctorates. Responses were collected by a descriptive survey of 64 directors, ...

Doctors and their advisors should examine existing plan documents in terms of all optional provisions available as part of the 1989 rewrite process. The analysis should not be limited solely to the compliance types of changes. It makes good sense to take this opportunity to address all aspects of the ...

This Perspectives is the outgrowth of work begun at Maryland under the Informatics Task Force and its national and international advisory groups. In a theoretical discussion of what information science can contribute to the health professions, the authors address questions of definition and describe application and knowledge models for the ...

This study examined the preferences of Division 12 members (N=442) for doctoral training models (Boulder,Vail, equally Boulder and Vail) as a function of the respondent's own training program and current professional activities. Fifty percent favored the Boulder model, 14% the Vail model, and the remaining 36% both equally. However, as ...

A study comparing the views on the acceptance of a genetic service of 302 doctors and 143 final year medical students from Colombo, Sri Lanka, showed both groups have strong positive views on the provision and use of genetic counselling, prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders and therapeutic abortion. The students ...

A total of 259 postal questionnaires were sent to all final year vocational trainees and new principals in general practice in the Trent region to find out how much training in paediatrics they had had. Questionnaires were returned by 105 trainees and 139 principals (244; 94%). Overall 72% (175) had ...

It has been suggested that general practitioners are in a prime position to counsel patients presenting with psychosocial problems. While many doctors use counselling skills in their consultations few have received training in counselling and the difference between the use of counselling skills and the process of counselling is not ...

As a relatively new doctoral discipline, nursing appears to be following the research focus of other disciplines in its doctoral programs. One original intent of awarding doctoral degrees in nursing was to prepare faculty. This study sought to determine how many doctoral students in nursing identified the goal of a ...

Education and training are terms which are often used loosely, interchangeably, and require definition. Training is often seen as a series of activities which are related to the acquisition of specific skills and may be narrowly based. Education, on the other hand, has an important value base and is broader ...

Experimental results obtained by examining the diagnostic performance of students and doctors in different medical schools and different cultural environments are presented. The pertinent data were obtained using tests of diagnostic skills based on real cases. The technique requires asking questions (tactics) to obtain the information needed to reach a ...

The importance of a positive attitude to computers was recognised as a crucial element in the success of any project to introduce computerisation to the ward areas of a major teaching hospital. Nurses, ward clerks and doctors were expected to enter and/or access information on ward terminals. A study was ...

Medical school teachers must have an accurate idea of the doctor's clinical reasoning process (CRP) in order to provide students with learning experiences and evaluations that will ensure their acquisition of an effective and efficient CRP. It is difficult to derive this understanding from much that has been written on ...

The growth and change in the quality of doctoral education from 1979 to 1984 was assessed using a repeated-measures design. Data were analyzed from 14 nursing doctoral programs that participated in both a 1979 and a 1984 study using Educational Testing Service Graduate Program Self-Assessment questionnaires. Findings suggest that doctoral ...

The present study assessed the relative effectiveness of doctoral counseling students and lay facilitators in conducting smoking cessation programs. Subjects (55 women and 61 men) were randomly assigned to doctoral or to lay facilitators. Consistent with prediction, lay facilitators were at least as effective as doctoral students. Overall results were ...

This paper concludes the Journal's series on Bioengineering Education in the United States. In this issue, college-level programs in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee are described. These programs range from two-year bachelor degree, master's degree, doctoral degree, and M.D./Ph.D. combined programs. ...

In this exploratory study, eight doctoral programs in nursing (four PhD and four DNS/DSN/DNSc) were surveyed to examine curricular similarities and differences between research-oriented and professional-oriented programs. Content analysis was utilized to examine manifest content of 101 units of analysis derived from questionnaire items. These items reflected environmental input, curricular ...

The attitudes of 92 patients to student doctors in a maternity unit were assessed by questionnaire. A total of 76% of attitude statements by patients were favourable to the presence of student doctors. There was a significant trend for patients from lower social class groups to have more positive attitudes ...

To study type and amount of training in geropsychology available to students in APA-approved doctoral programs in clinical and counseling psychology, a questionnaire was mailed to all such programs in 1984. Response rate was 71 of 132 (59%) for clinical programs and 27 of 37 (73%) for counseling programs. Very ...

The determinants of the selection decision for applicants (N = 239) to one clinical Doctor of Psychology program during a 3-year period were examined, and relationships among selection variables measured at the time of application and program performance variables measured 2 years later for those matriculated were determined. Results and ...

An instrument was designed to rate the administration of electroconvulsive therapy. The performance of junior doctors was rated before and after videotape training in technique. The group showed a marked increase in ratings following training. The limitations and importance of the study are discussed.

Surgeons should be able to communicate emotion-laden information to patients effectively. In most medical schools, there is an implicit assumption that students will learn communication skills through observation of appropriate role models. Young physicians often feel ill prepared to convey such information with sensitivity and understanding. University of Massachusetts Medical ...

Many studies dealing with differences between students' and doctors' memory for clinical cases have yielded puzzling results. In this paper it is claimed that these are due to the use of inadequate techniques for isolating chunks inherent in the stimuli and the data. The purpose of this paper is to ...

Two basic questions are raised about the relationship between emotion and learning, the affective domain of education: how can objectives be defined without specifying 'desirable' attitudes?; and how, as part of learning, do we revised existing attitudes? A model of the affective domain is described which links, in the setting ...

A questionnaire was administered to 1,734 university students and 381 high school students enrolled in drug education programs, surveying student opinions about the credibility of various proposed message sources. Five sets of proposed message sources were presented to each subject; each set consisted of one proposed source category that did ...

Questionnaires were sent to 392 doctors who had applied for 10 vocational training rotations in South West Thames Region nine months previously. These 392 doctors had made 607 such applications in south west Thames during this time. Replies were received from 260 (66%) of those circulated. These doctors together had ...

A telephone survey of 25 schools of nursing with doctoral programs was conducted to inquire about their master's thesis policies. Six programs require a thesis. Sixteen programs provide both thesis and other options, described in the paper. Other policy issues are discussed which include: relation of thesis to faculty research, ...

Five years' experience of student attachment to a Cape Town general practice as part of a community medicine 'block' is described. The students found the proceedings valuable and specially mentioned that the holistic approach to patient care, continuing care and the importance of the doctor-patient relationship were issues which they ...

This study examined the validity of using physicians' self-assessed needs, relevance and motivation to learn about clinical topics as a means for setting objectives and priorities for continuing medical education (CME) programmes. In an initial survey family doctors were asked to rate their need, relevance and motivation to learn about ...

The 'conversational model' of psychotherapy was investigated with a view to discovering which behaviours distinguish psychotherapists trained in this method from others, of equal clinical experience. A rating scheme designed to capture the theoretical aspects of the model, and 30 predictions were made concerning behaviours which were expected to distinguish ...

The Rural Area Project is a collaborative developmental project of Chulalongkorn University and the Ministry of Public Health in Thailand. The main objective of the project is to increase the number of doctors in the country in such a way that they would be posted in rural districts and have ...

The experience of casualty officers at the time of appointment has been compared, by questionnaire survey, with abilities and responsibilities 3 months after starting work in Accident and Emergency Medicine. Initial clinical and practical knowledge frequently did not match the demands of the new post. Some doctors felt unable to ...

This paper is the result of 12 years' work and describes the application of psychodynamic principles to the structuring and conducting of a course for general practitioners in the Ipswich Vocational Training Scheme. The overall aims are to release the potential of each trainee for life-long self-motivated study and for ...

A study was conducted to assess the attitude of Doctors to working in leprosy. 35 subjects were studied using a questionnaire to tap the various areas of leprosy work. The results indicated that although a majority of the doctors were interested in the specialty and considered that they had been ...

This case commentary describes a common cause of vaginitis which is unfamiliar to many practising doctors because its status has been determined only in recent months. The commentary is based on a patient who presented to a Melbourne general practice to which the student was assigned as part of the ...

The Preceptor-evaluation questionnaire (PEQ) was developed at the University of Mississippi Medical Center to evaluate the clinical teaching behavior of general practice doctors in private practice who have one or more third-year medical students per year in their offices for a required general practice clerkship. The PEQ was designed to ...

The Barefoot Doctor policy of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) has recently been changed. Rather than remaining a permanent corp of paraprofessionals, Barefoot Doctors (BFD) are to be upgraded, certified, and paid wages for full-time medical work in a process of slow professionalization. This article includes a brief historical ...

The need for further improved professional training in the care of the dying is now being recognized by doctors themselves, and increasingly they are turning to hospices for such education. The ways in which such training might be provided are outlined and some of the problems discussed in the light ...

Part-time training of doctors with domestic commitments has taken place successfully in the Oxford region since 1966; 249 doctors have now passed through such training schemes and a further 120 are currently training part-time. Two training schemes are now offered for doctors at senior house officer and registrar level: one ...

The growing dissatisfaction with traditional criteria used to select doctoral applicants has led clinical faculties to consider alternative selection criteria, including the use of a formal personality evaluation. A survey of training directors of APA-approved clinical psychology programs was conducted to assess their opinions with regard to this proposal. The ...

Five months' experience of a Balint group composed of 5th year medical students and a general practitioner facilitator is reported. The students found that the group helped to fill a big gap in their current training, i.e. in the area of the doctor-patient relationship. It is now widely accepted that ...