The aim of the paper was to determine the level of stress sensibility of the students under examinations, to reconize its main causes as well as to determine what methods are used by students in order to overcome stress and how they evaluate the efficiency of these methods. The analysis ...

Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM; Everly & Mitchell, 1999) is a clinical and administrative approach to address the psychological sequelae in the aftermath of critical incidents. CISM is a comprehensive, multicomponent crisis intervention procedure that spans pre-incident preparedness to acute crisis to post-crisis follow up. The Assaulted Staff Action Program ...

INTRODUCTION: How does the stress of a program merger affect job stress in air medical transport? METHODS: This study was an anonymous survey of 104 transport personnel in a Mid-western critical care transport program with merged air and ground components. Tools included the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), which quantitates ...

INTRODUCTION: Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) roles in disaster response vary significantly from routine operation, and as reported in the literature, such responses have not been without difficulty. We identified nine criteria (written policy, triage and incident command training disaster drill participation, ground and air communications plan, critical incident stress ...

Ergonomic hypothesis and functional dependences in the system of the worker, machine and environment are treated, with the purpose to find out optimum relation between humanisation and productivity of the work. The characteristics of the technological processes are investigated, which considerably influence the working suitability and the capability of the ...

The influence of high versus low hope on problem-solving ability and on coping with stressful academic and interpersonal situations was examined in 211 college students. Consistent with Snyder's (1995) model, high-hope students were found to have greater problem-solving abilities than low-hope students. High-hope students were also found to employ less ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess stress levels among first year medical students at the University of Zimbabwe. DESIGN: A cross sectional study using two questionnaires. SETTING: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, harare, Zimbabwe. SUBJECTS: First year medical students aged between 18 and 24 years who have ...

Surgical residency training is acknowledged as being stressful, however the degree of stress, factors causing it, methods of coping with it, and the incidence of substance abuse has not been previously studied in our environment. We therefore used a self-administered questionnaire to survey 100 Nigerian Surgical Residents of whom 72 ...

In this study we examine the effects of a stress-management training program on individuals without serious (mental) health complaints but with an increased chance of developing them as a consequence of stress. Potential subjects were randomly selected from the community at large and, then screened for participation in the training ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify the work-related stressors of Australian metropolitan general practitioners (GPs). DESIGN AND SETTING: A descriptive postal survey of metropolitan GPs from all States and Territories selected at random from the Health Insurance Commission database. PARTICIPANTS: 296 of 464 GPs (64%) surveyed in June 1996; 67% were male; 87% ...

The present study tested the assumptions, derived from a diathesis-stress model, that students' perceptions of autonomy-support in their classroom produce a relatively intrinsic as opposed to extrinsic motivational approach to academic tasks and that this approach, in turn, predicts qualitatively different responses to uncontrollable events. It was further assumed that ...

Several correlational questionnaire studies have observed a positive relationship between psychological stress and periodontal diseases. This paper analyses the effects of academic stress on periodontal health in a prospective quasi-experimental design. 26 medical students participating in a major exam and the same number of medical students not participating in any ...

Prior research has suggested that clinical experience for nursing students is stressful. Concern about making an error and harming the patient, limited knowledge and skills for practice, and difficulties in interacting with the teacher and others in the clinical setting are some of the stressors reported by students. Few studies ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular health needs of university students living in residence. A survey was administered to students living in residence at a university in Nova Scotia, Canada to identify eating patterns, physical activity, smoking behaviours and perceived stress. Data were analyzed using descriptive ...

This study was directed towards personality-related, value system and sociodemographic variables of nursing students in a situation of change, using a longitudinal perspective to measure their improvement in principle-based moral judgement (Kohlberg; Rest) as possible predictors of stress. Three subgroups of students were included from the commencement of the first ...

There is controversy in the literature as to whether alexithymia reflects a deficit in the cognitive processing of emotions or a defensive coping style. Previous studies with clinical populations reported a strong association between alexithymia and a maladaptive (immature) ego defense style. The present study was designed to examine this ...

Student submariners in the South African Navy often report increased anxiety when confronted with the complicated nature of the submarine escape equipment and procedures. It was hypothesized that training should reduce this anxiety. This report describes part of the training process of the South African Navy, as well as a ...

The short and long term impact of exposure to cadavers and prosections was examined with 114 occupational therapy and physiotherapy students attending the Auckland Institute of Technology. Pre-exposure measures included a shortened version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist to assess general distress, and an event-specific apprehension questionnaire. Thirty per cent ...

Stress echocardiography has emerged as a clinically useful procedure in the management of patients with ischemic heart disease and other conditions. However, the accuracy of this test relies on the ability of those who carry out the technical aspects of the test and depends critically on proper interpretation of the ...

Family members, teachers, and colleagues are all influential in our socialization as professionals and nurse scientists. This article discusses lessons learned from mentors and facilitators during the various stages in my career, including clinical practice, graduate education, and academia. The value of postdoctoral experiences, whether formal or informal, in the ...

Interview and descriptive methods were used to investigate the stressors and coping strategies of academically successful African American female baccalaureate nursing students (N = 23) in the three predominantly Caucasian universities in South Carolina. The study addressed three questions: 1) What are major stressors for African American female students? 2) ...

Student members of the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (n = 900) were randomly selected and surveyed regarding perceptions of certain MFT training program and graduate student lifestyle stressors. The return rate was 329 (37%) of the 900 students surveyed. The sample was 70% female and 30% male. ...

PURPOSE: To assess stress in medical students, residents, and graduate science students at four Canadian schools of medicine. METHOD: Four schools with different curricula in three different parts of Canada participated in the study: the University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, the University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine, the Dalhousie ...

The aim of the study was to assess levels of stress and associated socio-demographic variables among dental students in their clinical years in the School of Dental Medicine at the Hebrew University and Hadassah in Jerusalem, and compare the findings with those of a similar study undertaken 10 years previously. ...

This study examines the nature and extent of the relationship between stress levels and intentions to participate in a worksite smoking cessation program among male current smokers (n = 220) employed in an automobile manufacturing plant. A plantwide survey was conducted which measured job stress, nonjob stress, smoking behavior, and ...

The cost of a preparation program is relatively low, but its value for the subject undergoing treatment is very high. Feelings of satisfaction and contentment usually accompany the preparation process, and are mutual. Therefore, it is highly recommended to make the necessary efforts to develop preparation programs and to implement ...

PURPOSE: To investigate stress in medical students, law students, and graduate students at McGill University using a well-validated measure, the Derogatis Stress Profile (DSP). METHOD: The DSP was administered to the medical students in November and December 1994. For comparison, the DSP was also administered to the undergraduate law students ...

1. The initial clinical experience in a hospital setting has been identified as a major area of threat for beginning nursing students. 2. A stress inoculation program, in which students were exposed to situation similar to future clinical experience, was used to help students develop confidence and coping skills. 3. ...

This study utilized a comprehensive assessment of program structure, content, and social climate to determine whether specialized residential posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) programs (SIPUs, n = 19) can be differentiated from general psychiatric units (GPUs, n = 18) within the Department of Veterans Affairs. Significant differences between program types were ...

Stress management (SM) subject matter experts (SMEs) evaluated 6 widely used occupational SM interventions (relaxation, physical fitness, cognitive restructuring, meditation, assertiveness training, and stress inoculation) on the basis of 10 practicality criteria and 7 effectiveness objectives. Relaxation was evaluated overall as the most practical intervention, while meditation and stress inoculation ...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event that results in significant adjustments during the acute and rehabilitation phase. During this period, it is imperative to maintain the patient's self-esteem, reduce stress levels, encourage the expression of feelings, and provide sensory stimulation. Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) involves the use of ...

643 public school principals in British Columbia, Canada responded to a survey on administrative stress. The findings show that stress is a serious concern for these administrators. In contrast to other studies of administrative stress, "administering the negotiated contract" was a source of stress uniquely important to school principals in ...

This descriptive study examines the application of stress management techniques by nursing students to their clients (i.e., patients, family members, friends) within a model holistic stress management nursing course. Out of 90 students, 88 completed a Client Teaching Relaxation Questionnaire during the course. Responses indicated a decrease in clients' perceived ...

This article presents the findings of a study that investigated educational sources of stress among student midwives working in England. The study set out to address the question, what are the clinical and educational experiences that can give rise to stress? Students were invited to complete a 45-item questionnaire which ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of level and sources of stress in students of two baccalaureate nursing programs, to compare these groups in their perceived stress and to compare the nursing groups to those enrolled in other health-related disciplines: Medicine, Pharmacy and Social Work. The ...

BACKGROUND: Because of the social and psychologic effects of psoriasis, many patients with the disease experience considerable emotional stress which in tum can aggravate the disease. This study was undertaken to determine the usefulness of group therapy in helping psoriasis patients cope with their condition. METHODS: A structured program consisting ...

In February and March, 1973, 566 U.S. military prisoners (POWs) were released from North Vietnam. These men had been POWs for a period of time between 2 months and 9 years, with a mean incarceration of 4.44 years. They had faced physical and psychological stress similar to that experienced by ...

In this transcultural comparison of stress among Chinese, Japanese and Korean students, the authors examined stressors with the Stress Questionnaire Form for College Students, strategies for coping with Ways of Coping-Revised, and physical reactions to the stressors with the Physical Symptom Scale of Stress. Compared to the Japanese and Korean ...

A framework that emphasizes and integrates individuals' intersubjective experiences with Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory (PVEST) is introduced and compared with self-organizational perspectives. Similarities, differences and advantages of each framework are described. In a demonstration of PVEST's utility, a subset of data from the 3rd year of a longitudinal study (14- ...

Medical students studying abroad have to adapt to a new cultural environment in addition to the usual stresses of medical school. This study explored the perceived stress and coping ability of students of the New York State/American Programme, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, who study medicine in Israel ...

Relationships between leader behavior and subordinate work stress were examined from the perspectives of 343 leaders, their bosses, and their subordinates. Leader behaviors did relate to stress experienced by staff; however, leaders' views of what related to subordinate stress did not always coincide with the factors that subordinates themselves associated ...

The hypobaric chamber is designed as a teaching aid in providing orientation for some of the physiological stresses in flight. Reactions during chamber training vary from mild ear block to neurocirculatory collapse. This is a retrospective study on reactions from 1986-94 in the hypobaric chamber training unit at King Hussien ...

This study examined differences in stress and academic outcomes in generic baccalaureate nursing students enrolled in a full-time day program and those enrolled in a part-time evening program. The study also sought to identify the relationship between stress and academic outcomes and between selected demographic variables and stress in these ...

Over the last 20 years there have been numerous studies of teacher stress but little is known of how teachers acquire coping strategies; their knowledge of those available to them and their opinion of these techniques. A total of 335 Norfolk primary teachers responded to a postal questionnaire providing biographical ...

104 college students and 88 college faculty/staff at a midwestern university completed a questionnaire composed of the Computer Hassles Scale, a measure of computer users' stress, somatization/anxiety items from the Symptoms Checklist-90, a measure of stress reactions, and the Revised Personal Attribute Inventory, a measure of self-concept. Correlations indicated that ...

BACKGROUND: There is concern about the morale of general practitioner registrars. There may be stress-provoking factors that could be avoided or minimized. AIMS: The aims of the study were to assess the sources of stress and job satisfaction of general practitioner registrars, to compare registrars' job satisfaction with that of ...

Surveys conducted in the United Kingdom over the last few years have revealed decreased job satisfaction and increased anxiety and depression in both hospital specialists and general practitioners. Anaesthesia is perceived to be a stressful specialty and there is evidence, albeit patchy, that certain stress-associated conditions are more common in ...

This study looks at sources of stress among the medical students of the University of the West Indies at the Mona campus. Students of the classes 1993 through 1995 were asked to fill out a questionnaire which had been developed for a similar study at the University of Texas in ...

Stress inoculation training is an intervention that has shown considerable promise; however, many questions arise regarding the application of this clinically based approach to more applied workplace settings. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the overall effectiveness of stress inoculation training and to identify conditions that may moderate the effectiveness ...

This study of 50 female students (mean age 23) investigated the level of acute and chronic subjective stress, objective strain of everyday university life, and behavior (time budget during a normal day). Physiological parameters, behavioral activities, and psychological parameters were assessed simultaneously both while at the university and at home ...