PURPOSE: Despite demonstrated benefits of cardiac rehabilitation and risk factor reduction, only 11% to 38% of eligible patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) participate in cardiac rehabilitation programs. Women and older adults are particularly less likely to participate in cardiac rehabilitation. In an effort to broaden access to cardiac rehabilitation, the ...

This lecture highlights my career in rehabilitation research. My principal efforts in rehabilitation have been to study (1) mechanisms of brain plasticity related to reorganization of the brain and recovery of function; (2) late postacute rehabilitation; (3) sensory substitution; and (4) rehabilitation engineering. A principal goal has been to aid ...

Successful rehabilitation with respect to the activities of daily living (ADL) requires accurate and effective assessment and training. A number of studies have emphasized the requirement for rehabilitation methods that are both relevant to the patient's real world environment, and that can also be transferred to other daily living tasks. ...

This presidential address reflects on my last 2 years as president of American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM). It recognizes those individuals who have been of significant help and support. The address discusses choices I have made in my professional life including selecting physical medicine and rehabilitation as a subspecialty; ...

Osseointegration for the trans-femoral amputee has been used in the United Kingdom since 1997. To date, 11 candidates have undergone the procedure. The rehabilitation programme for the osseointegration candidate is a long and intensive programme following two surgical operations. This paper outlines the importance of a pre-osseointegration assessment to explore ...

While many of the overt symptoms of schizophrenia may be controlled by medication, the associated psychiatric disability requires ongoing psychosocial rehabilitation and support in the community. The general practitioner can play a crucial role in this rehabilitative process, through encouraging good physical health in the person with schizophrenia; referring the ...

The present study offered a constructive replication of an earlier study which demonstrated significant increases in theta EEG activity following theta binaural beat (BB) entrainment training and significant increases in hypnotic susceptibility. This study improved upon the earlier small-sample, multiple-baseline investigation by employing a larger sample, by utilizing a double-blind, ...

This commentary is a response to Ylvisaker and Feeney's paper "Executive functions, self-regulation and learned optimism in paediatric rehabilitation: a review and suggestions for intervention". Drawing on a diverse literature, the authors provide a broad empirical basis for a pragmatic approach to rehabilitation for children. Their contribution is critically reviewed ...

Our long-term goal is to improve adherence to a home-based isometric program for rehabilitation of knee osteoarthritis (OA) using a force-biofeedback device (Isopad). Our goal for Phase I was to design and evaluate an Isopad-based program in a supervised clinical setting. Our subjects were five patients with knee OA of ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of rehabilitation hospitals and units correlated with gains in motor and cognitive function, after adjusting for case severity of the patients admitted and for length of stay (LOS). DESIGN: The Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (UDSMR) database was first analyzed to develop a method ...

Comprehensive rehabilitation involving multidisciplinary involvement of healthcare professionals is available to patients with rheumatic diseases. Studies were reviewed on the effectiveness of such programs for patients with chronic low back pain, widespread pain, and rheumatoid arthritis. When effects on the various outcome measures are demonstrated, improvements can only with difficulty ...

Results of a survey of cognitive rehabilitation (CRT) practice patterns are reported. Of 270 programs contacted, 45% responded. Most patients were under age 65, had a stroke or brain injury, and underwent individual CRT for attention or memory problems while hospitalized. CRT typically lasted 1-6 months and cost $130 per ...

Apoptosis and premature senescence, an acutely inducible terminal cell-cycle arrest, are known to be the ultimate cellular defense programs that counteract oncogenic transformation. Thus, activated oncogenes may sensitize cells to other stimuli that also recruit these programs. Recent evidence demonstrates that both apoptosis and premature senescence respond to drugs and ...

RATIONALE: Cognitive rehabilitation is now recognized as an important tool in the treatment of schizophrenia, and findings in this area are emerging rapidly. There is a need for a systematic review of the effects of the different training programs. OBJECTIVES: To review quantitatively the controlled studies on cognitive rehabilitation in ...

This review contributes to the limited literature on systems of occupational rehabilitation in Australia. Occupational rehabilitation is defined and features of occupational rehabilitation systems within the workers' compensation framework are described. Common features include: (a) the trend to workplace management, (b) preferred rehabilitation program settings and (c) widespread acceptance of ...

This study evaluated the Psychiatric Rehabilitation Beliefs, Goals, and Practices Scale's (PRBGP) sensitivity to change. A training curriculum in the current principles and practices of Psychiatric Rehabilitation was given to 301 practitioners in Pennsylvania. Participants completed the PRBGP Scale prior to and immediately following the two-day, twelve-hour training workshop. The ...

This research investigated the situation of 143 unemployed sick leavers at the start of vocational rehabilitation in Sweden. It is argued in this paper that in order to gain a meaningful picture of the vocational rehabilitation process it is necessary to know and understand something of individual differences and status ...

The current study evaluated the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program developed to assist individuals such as AM who have impaired social and risk judgement. AM's difficulties developed after a severe traumatic brain injury that resulted in bilateral frontal and temporal lobe damage including damage to the amygdala. Previous work (Park ...

The aim of bioequivalence studies is to assess the equivalence of two pharmaceutical formulations of the same active drug substance. Currently three types of bioequivalence are distinguished: average, population and individual bioequivalence. Average and population bioequivalence can be assessed in two-period (non-replicated) crossover studies, whereas individual bioequivalence requires three- or ...

The education of stroke patients and their families on prevention of recurrent stroke is a rehabilitation challenge. The principal objective of this article is to share a process for creating a stroke education program that improves patient and caregiver knowledge of secondary prevention, stroke signs and symptoms, modifiable risk factors, ...

This overview on support of patients loosing sight is based on a literature survey regarding reading disabilities and orientation and on results of experience trials performed at the University Eye Clinic Tübingen. In reading disorders, the main goal of rehabilitation is to regain or maintain the ability to read newspaper ...

Vocational rehabilitation has increasingly emphasized individualized community employment for individuals with severe disabilities. Early approaches were highly controlled by rehabilitation professionals, but research has shown that high levels of professional support can be intrusive, and that businesses are more able to participate in the support process than was initially assumed. ...

This paper is an overview of current research on development of rehabilitative countermeasures to ameliorate the effects of long-term exposure to microgravity on sensorimotor function during space flight. After many years of work we do not yet have operational countermeasures, probably for several reasons: 1) changes in the use of ...

Participation in recreational activities is a critical component of the career development process, providing opportunities for individuals to explore their interests and to develop work-related skills. Recreational participation also offers a healthy outlet for dealing with job-related and other life stressors. People with disabilities are often excluded from participation in ...

In this paper we address the practical considerations for rehabilitation of problems with initiation. A variety of rehabilitation strategies for clients who have problems with initiation are discussed, as are our recommendations for the use of an external cueing system with these clients. Available external cueing systems are reviewed, including ...

PURPOSE: Several low back pain work rehabilitation programs have been developed and evaluated for their outcomes. Unfortunately, the program impact theory for these programs is not described, and consequently, the exact mechanisms of action by which these programs intend to increase the probability of return to work remain unknown. This ...

In order to encourage enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation exercise programs, it is essential to understand the perceptions of both enrollers and non-enrollers. Factors influencing enrollment in a cardiac rehabilitation exercise program in a northern centre in Canada servicing a large rural area were examined. Letters of invitation to participate in ...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether the people in Australia are informed about and prepared to intervene in a cardiac emergency. METHODS: A cross sectional telephone survey, which contained sections regarding participant demographics, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, knowledge of CPR, and the emergency contact number and potential barriers ...

This study examined exercise maintenance among patients after completing cardiac rehabilitation. Subjects were men and women who had completed a Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program approximately 12 months previously. Subjects were classified according to whether they had (a) never participated in a Phase III program (G-I) (N = 37), (b) ...

BACKGROUND: This case study describes a 33-year-old man who sustained a severe head injury with cerebrovascular complications in a road traffic accident. METHOD: His rehabilitation program focused on the everyday problems he faced as a result of cognitive deficits resulting from his brain injury. Twelve goals were set after negotiations ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic rheumatic diseases by means of a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: Data were obtained by a computer-aided and manual search of the literature from 1980 until May 2001. Vocational rehabilitation programs had to be clearly defined ...

We propose a quantum device that can approximate any projective measurement on a qubit-a quantum "multimeter." The desired measurement basis is selected by the quantum state of a "program register." Two different kinds of programs are considered and in both cases the device is optimized with respect to maximal average ...

PURPOSE: To propose a conceptual basis for a rehabilitation system in the Czech Republic (CR) founded on the WHO International Classification on Functioning (ICF). METHODS: Surveying the present state of rehabilitation in the CR using data from The Institute for Health Information and Statistics of the CR, studying the available ...

Older people make up the majority of participants in general rehabilitation programs. Stroke and hip fracture are the major diagnostic groups. Most older people with significant disability of recent onset have the potential to benefit from rehabilitation. Assessing an older person's premorbid functional and cognitive status, which are strong determinants ...

Preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation interventions based on errorless learning principles in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) was provided by Clare et al. (1999, 2000, 2001). The present study extends these findings in a controlled trial. Twelve participants meeting criteria for probable AD, with Mini-Mental State Examination scores ...

OBJECTIVES: This article details the introduction and development of the use of microcomputers as adjuncts to traditional cognitive rehabilitation of persons with acquired brain injury. SUMMARY: The initial application of video games as therapeutic recreation in the late 1970s was soon followed in the early 1980s by the use of ...

PURPOSE: The present aim was to investigate the communicative pattern in two rehabilitation groups. The rehabilitation group consisted of the client, a supervisor, an employer representative, an occupational health physician, a rehabilitation counsellor from the national social insurance office and a support person. METHOD: Participatory observation of 22 rehabilitation meetings. ...

By improving an individual's functional capacity through increased physical activity before an anticipated orthopaedic procedure, it seems reasonable to assume that the individual will maintain a higher level of functional ability and rebound more rapidly in the rehabilitation process. Prehabilitation is the process of enhancing functional capacity of the individual ...

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is widely recognized as an essential part of the medical response to cardiac arrest. Traditional ('basic') CPR has remained essentially unchanged for 40 years despite major problems with training and performance, and survival rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remain disappointingly low, despite massive resources devoted to CPR ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of investigating rehabilitation effectiveness for traumatic brain injury (TBI) with a nonrandomized design. DESIGN: Observational cohort with confounder control by regression methodology. SETTING: Level I trauma center. PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive series of 365 individuals with TBI discharged to inpatient rehabilitation or home (78% follow-up). INTERVENTIONS: Not ...

Benchmarking data has validated that patients with planned vascular access device (VAD) placement have fewer device placements, less difficulty with device insertions, fewer venipunctures, earlier assessment for placement of central VADs, and shorter hospital stays. This article will discuss VAD program planning, early assessment for VAD selection, and benchmarking of ...

A postal questionnaire survey of the 17 centres for paediatric cardiology in the UK investigated the attitudes of staff towards rehabilitation and the current level of provision. The majority of respondents (82%) believed they should provide rehabilitation for their patients, but only one centre had a programme for rehabilitation. Few ...

This article summarizes the six primary arguments for and against prescription privileges for psychologists (PPP or RxP) that were presented in this special issue. Four articles addressed points made in the testimony in favor of PPP by the American Psychological Association. Six articles addressed points in the testimony against PPP ...

Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States and yet little technology is currently available for individuals with stroke to practice and monitor rehabilitation therapy on their own. This paper provides a detailed design description of a telerehabilitation system for arm and hand therapy following stroke. The ...

Evaluation of outcome measures can provide policymakers with valuable information on the effectiveness of psychiatric rehabilitation. Two specific challenges in collecting outcome measures for psychiatric rehabilitation programs are heterogeneity of outcomes and difficulty with follow-up. These two challenges were illustrated in the process of evaluating Rose Hill Center, a rural ...

Cost and accessibility contribute to low participation rates in phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation programs in the United States. In this study, we compared the clinical effectiveness of 2 less costly and potentially more accessible approaches to cardiovascular risk reduction with that of a contemporary phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program. Low- ...

Cardiac rehabilitation has assumed more prominence over the past decade, due largely to an increase in user demand, an improvement in the evidence base and an enhancement of its status. This paper presents a view from the United Kingdom and suggests some ways in which cardiac rehabilitation can be improved ...

BACKGROUND: Video game seizures have been reported in photosensitive and non-photosensitive patients with epilepsy. The game Super Mario World, has led to many cases of first seizures. We examined whether this game was indeed more provocative than other programs and whether playing the game added to this effect. METHODS: We ...

Under disabling conditions such as stroke, fatigue may worsen other symptoms and impede full participation in a rehabilitation program. The functional improvement needed to regain mobility and independence may be impacted significantly by fatigue. This article explores the symptom of fatigue and its relation to stroke from a rehabilitation perspective. ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: People with knee osteoarthritis (OA) sometimes report episodes of knee instability that limit their activities of daily living. The episodes of instability are similar to those reported by people with knee ligament injuries. The authors believe that modifications of interventions that are used to promote knee stability ...