Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (MI) causes heart failure, and thus it is important to evaluate cardiac repair as the early stage of LV remodeling. Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is transiently and abundantly expressed in the heart during the early stage of tissue remodeling after ...

BACKGROUND: Depression (MDD) and anxiety have been associated with negative long-term outcomes among patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether MDD and anxiety preceding MI were associated with in-hospital post-MI cardiac complications. METHOD: Subjects (N=129) underwent psychiatric interviews within 72 hours ...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Almost two-thirds of the coronary death rate decrease in the northern Italian Brianza MONICA male population, between 1993-4 and 1997-8, are attributable to a reduction in 28-day myocardial infarction (MI) case-fatality. The present paper investigates the factors associated with MI case-fatality decrease and in particular the role of socio-occupational ...

Heart failure affects more than 11 million people in the USA and Europe, and is still the major cause of hospitalization and mortality. It is a clinical syndrome that can have different underlying causes,<br/>including myocardial infarction (MI), and viral infection in the heart. Despite clinical standards, better understanding the pathogenesis ...

This study was designed to assess whether the prognostic significance of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) interact in populations with heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI). Patients were recruited from four screening registers (N=18,010) including patients admitted with HF or MI. Ten years ...

AIM OF THE STUDY: Animal studies have demonstrated evidence of an anti-arrhythmic effect of marine n-3 fatty acids (FAs). In humans the same mechanism may explain the observed reduction in sudden cardiac death (SCD) associated with intake of fish. Whether high levels of n-3 FAs could protect against ventricular fibrillation ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diet-induced hypercholesterolaemia exacerbates post-myocardial infarction (MI) ventricular remodelling and heart failure, but the mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. This study examined whether worsening of post-MI ventricular remodelling induced by dietary hypercholesterolaemia was related to upregulation of angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor in the rat heart. ...

Although recanalization of the infarct-related artery late after myocardial infarction (MI) is known to reduce both cardiac remodeling and mortality, the mechanisms responsible are not yet fully understood. We compared infarcted rat hearts in which the infarct-related coronary artery was opened 24 hours after infarction (late reperfusion [LR] group) with ...

OBJECTIVE: Functional improvement after acute myocardial ischaemia (MI) has been achieved by transplantation of different adult stem and progenitor cell types. It is controversial whether these cell types are able to form novel functional myocardium. Alternatively, graft-related or immune-related paracrine mechanisms may preserve existing myocardium, improve neovascularisation, affect tissue remodelling ...

OBJECTIVES: To test the feasibility, safety, and in-hospital outcomes of utilizing the FilterWire EZ to extract clot prior to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction (MI). BACKGROUND: PCI in patients with acute MI is associated with a higher incidence of distal embolization, no-reflow, or slow ...

Introduction: Despite a growing interest in the use of thoracic epidural anesthesia/analgesia (TEA) to supplement general anesthesia (GA) in adult cardiac surgery, the issue remains controversial. We decision analyzed from the patient's perspective two management options for adult cardiac surgery: GA vs. GA + TEA, and determined the probability weighted ...

BACKGROUND: The location of the myocardial infarction (MI) might modify the spectral characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in humans. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the location of the infarcted area on the spectral parameters of VF. METHODS: Patients with chronic MI (29 anterior, 32 inferior) and induced VF during ...

OBJECTIVES: African Americans have a high incidence of heart failure (HF). Limited retrospective observational subgroup analyses of patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) suggest marginal benefit of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the prevention of HF hospitalizations or total mortality in African Americans. BACKGROUND: Very few data exist concerning the ...

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that the bowel dysfunction known as low anterior resection syndrome is caused by denervation of the left colon. The purpose of this study is to determine how surgical denervation changes left colon motility and to identify the mechanism of this change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Strain gauge transducers ...

PURPOSE: Soon after availability of protease inhibitors (PIs), a duration-related effect relationship between PI and myocardial infarction (MI) was shown. New antiretroviral treatments (ARTs) have allowed more individualized regimens. To study their influence established risk factors of MI and additional therapeutic options such as lipid-lowering drugs will have to be ...

Recent studies have shown that insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and either erythropoietin (EPO) or the long-acting EPO analog Darbepoetin alfa (DA) protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and myocardial infarction (MI). The present study examined the cardioprotective effect of simultaneous treatments with IGF-1 and DA in these models of cardiac ...

BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical evidence have recently shown that pluripotent stem cells can be mobilized using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) and may enhance myocardial regeneration after acute myocardial infarction (MI). The present study investigated the pharmacological role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on cardiac regeneration after MI using a mouse model ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive imaging of angiotensin II (AT) receptor upregulation in a mouse model of post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF). Circulating AT levels do not reflect the status of upregulation of renin-angiotensin axis in the myocardium, which plays a central ...

In the present study, we compared cardioprotective effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and the angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor, benazepril, in rats with large myocardial infarction (MI). The large MI was produced by coronary artery ligation for 4 weeks in rats. The rats were divided into the following groups: sham ...

Systemic administration of erythropoietin (Epo) protects the myocardium from an ischemic insult and promotes beneficial remodeling. We hypothesized that intracardiac injection of Epo may exhibit cardioprotective potential with reduced systemic toxicity. Following myocardial infarction (MI), Epo was injected directly into the border of the infarction. Six weeks after an MI, ...

CONTEXT: Hemoglobin-based blood substitutes (HBBSs) are infusible oxygen-carrying liquids that have long shelf lives, have no need for refrigeration or cross-matching, and are ideal for treating hemorrhagic shock in remote settings. Some trials of HBBSs during the last decade have reported increased risks without clinical benefit. OBJECTIVE: To assess the ...

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-165 promotes cardiomyogenesis in chronic myocardial ischemia and nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI). It is unknown whether this effect is present in reperfused MI. We sought to investigate the effect of VEGF-165 gene therapy on cardiomyogenesis after reperfused MI. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four Yucatan minipigs underwent ...

The purpose of this study was to study aging-associated alterations in the inflammatory and reparative response after myocardial infarction (MI) and their involvement in adverse post-infarction remodeling of the senescent heart. Advanced age is a predictor of death and ventricular dilation in patients with MI; however, the cellular mechanisms responsible ...

BACKGROUND: The degree of adherence to guideline recommendations that patients following myocardial infarction (MI) with congestive heart failure (CHF) undergo early angiography, and angioplasty if indicated, is unknown. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated the use of invasive procedures in patients with segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI and CHF, admitted in 1 ...

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are used worldwide to help athletes gain muscle mass and strength. Their use and abuse is associated with numerous side effects, including acute myocardial infarction (MI). We report a case of MI in a young 31-year-old bodybuilder. Because of the serious cardiovascular complications of anabolic steroids, physicians should ...

OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the relationship between increasing use of cardiovascular medications and trends in long-term prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) in the elderly. BACKGROUND: During the past decade, statins, beta-blockers (BBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) have been increasingly used after MI. However, little ...

Antiplatelet agents such as sarpogrelate (SAR), a 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist, and cilostazol (CIL), a phosphodiesterase-III inhibitor, are used in the management of peripheral vascular disease. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that both SAR and CIL prevent cardiac remodeling and improve cardiac function in congestive heart failure (CHF) due to ...

BACKGROUND: Recent reports on facilitated reperfusion therapy re-address interests in coronary sinus interventions (CSI). Patients in whom short time results have been reported earlier were re-evaluated, with the aim of gathering the long-term results of pressure-controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion (PICSO) generated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and ...

BACKGROUND: We have shown previously that 17beta-estradiol (E2) increases left ventricular (LV) and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy after myocardial infarction (MI). However, E2 decreases hypertrophy in pressure overload models. We hypothesized that the effect of estrogen on cardiac hypertrophy was dependent on the type of hypertrophic stimulus. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ovariectomized wild-type ...

BACKGROUND: Regeneration of the myocardium and improved ventricular function have been demonstrated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) treated by intracoronary delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) a few days after successful myocardial reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, the effects of intracoronary cell infusion in ...

BACKGROUND: The EXPEDITION study addressed the efficacy and safety of inhibiting the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 (NHE-1) by cariporide in the prevention of death or myocardial infarction (MI) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The premise was that inhibition of NHE-1 limits intracellcular Na accumulation and thereby limits ...

Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to left ventricular (LV) remodeling, which leads to the activation of growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). However, the kinetics of a growth factor's receptor expression, such as VEGF, in the living subject has not yet been described. We have developed a PET ...

Aging has become a major health care problem and socio-economic burden worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) is the major killer worldwide and coronary reperfusion is the major form of acute post-MI therapy. The aging population is increasing, and with it, morbidity and mortality due to impaired healing after ST-segment elevation MI ...

BACKGROUND: The impact on prognosis of alcohol use in patients with coronary artery disease remains uncertain. We related alcohol use to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV)-mortality and hospitalization in patients following a complicated myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: In the OPTIMAAL trial, 5477 patients from 7 Western European countries with heart failure ...

Until recently, randomized studies of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) have only included patients with a remote history of myocardial infarction (MI). Two studies evaluated the use of ICDs early following MI, the DINAMIT and BEST+ICD studies, but failed to demonstrate significant reduction in mortality. Current guidelines therefore recommend deferring ICD ...

Tissue kallikrein (TK) is a major kinin-releasing enzyme present in arteries. TK is involved in cardioprotection in the setting of acute myocardial ischaemia but its role in post-ischaemic heart failure (HF), a major cause of delayed mortality after myocardial infarction (MI), is unknown. To determine whether TK deficiency in the ...

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibition exerts beneficial effects on left ventricular (LV) remodeling and dysfunction. p38 MAPK activity is transiently increased soon after myocardial infarction (MI), suggesting brief inhibition may afford the same benefit as long-term inhibition. We examined chronic 12-week p38 MAPK inhibition compared with short-term (7-day) ...

This study utilized porcine models of postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling [myocardial infarction (MI); n = 8] and concentric LV hypertrophy secondary to aortic banding (AoB; n = 8) to examine the relationships between regional myocardial contractile function (tagged MRI), wall stress (MRI and LV pressure), and bioenergetics ((31)P-magnetic resonance ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Men, but not women, with unrecognized myocardial infarction (MI) have an increased risk of cardiac events and stroke compared with those without MI or with recognized MI. We investigated whether unrecognized MI is also a risk factor for dementia and cerebral small vessel disease (white matter lesions ...

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for an estimated one third of all deaths worldwide. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One group of patients who are at a particularly high risk of cardiovascular events and death are those with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), especially if they have had a previous myocardial ...

There is growing recognition that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogeneses of myocardial repair/remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI). Nicotinamide adenine denucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is a major source for cardiac reactive oxygen species production. Herein, we studied the importance of NADPH oxidase in development of cardiac oxidative stress ...

AIMS: To assess the impact of the new UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines on the incidence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) indications for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death following myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a retrospective single centre study in ...

Cardiac dyssynchrony in the left ventricles of murine hearts late (> or =28 d) after reperfused myocardial infarction (post-MI) was assessed using high frequency 30 MHz B-mode ultrasound imaging. Nine post-MI and six normal C57Bl/6 mice were studied in both short- and long-axis views. Regional time to peak displacement (T(peak_d)) ...

Both inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the cardiac protective peptide adrenomedullin (AM) are increased in cardiac tissues and plasma in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure. Recently they have been increasingly recognized as important factors in the pathophysiology of MI and resultant congestive heart failure. ...

AIMS: beta-Blockers reduce mortality and morbidity in heart failure. Many of their benefits can be explained solely by heart rate reduction (HRR). We aimed to verify whether the beta-blocker, metoprolol, and the pure heart-rate-reducing agent, ivabradine, have the same effects on haemodynamic function, ventricular remodeling, and Ca2+ handling in post-myocardial ...

OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with moderate coronary lesions and borderline fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements (between 0.75 and 0.80), comparing those who underwent coronary revascularization (CR) to those who had medical treatment (MT), and (2) to determine the predictive factors of major adverse cardiac events ...

The underlying mechanism(s) of improved left ventricular function (LV) due to mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration after myocardial infarction (MI) remains highly controversial. Myocardial regeneration and neovascularization, which leads to increased tissue perfusion, are proposed mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that delivery of MSCs 3 days after MI increased tissue perfusion ...

AIMS: We sought to assess the incidence of and prognostic factors for heart failure (HF) hospitalization among survivors of high-risk acute myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed the risk of an initial hospitalization for HF in 11 040 stable MI patients (no major non-fatal cardiovascular events or deaths ...

Although beneficial effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have been demonstrated on post-myocardia infarction (MI) process, the mechanisms and feasibility are not fully agreed yet. We investigated effects of a long-term treatment with a low-dose G-CSF started 1 day after the onset of MI, on post-infarction process. One day after ...

BACKGROUND: Assessing acute myocardial infarction (MI) with respect to long-term survival is not easy. Authorities in the field suggest that inflammation predicts short-range (up to 17 months) coronary death. It is not known whether long-term survival is associated with the inflammatory response. In this study, we evaluate the relationships between ...