Enhancement of the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) contributes to sympathetic excitation in hypertension. The aim of the present study was to determine whether angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) modulated the enhanced CSAR and sympathetic activation, and the signaling pathways that mediated these effects in the 2-kidney, ...

The borylation of cyclopropanes catalyzed by the combination of (η6-mes)IrBpin3 or [Ir(COD)OMe]2 and a phenanthroline derivative is reported. The borylation occurs selectively at the methylene C-H bonds of the cyclopropane ring over methine or methyl C-H bonds. High diasteroselectivities were observed from reactions catalyzed by the combination of iridium and ...

The coagulation of sodium montmorillonite by inorganic salts (NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2 and La(NO3)3) was studied by combining classical turbidity measurements with Wide-Angle-X-ray Scattering (WAXS), Small-Angle-X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Transmission X-ray Microscopy (TXM). Using size-selected samples, such a strategy associated with an original quantitative treatment of TXM images, provides a true multi-scale ...

Low-threshold nanoscale lasers are attractive for their promising applications in highly integrated photonic devices and systems. Here we report the controllable growth of composition-symmetric CdSxSe1-x nanowires by using a multi-step thermal evaporation route with moving sources. Microstructure analyses reveal the obtained wires are high-quality single crystals with the composition gradually ...

Clofarabine (CAFdA) is incorporated into leukemic cells by human Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporters (hENT) 1 and 2 and human Concentrative Nucleoside Transporter (hCNT) 3. CAFdA is then phosphorylated to the active metabolite CAFdA triphosphate (CAFdATP) by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) and deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK). Two novel CAFdA-resistant variants were established and their ...

It now appears that microRNAs (miRs) are involved in lymphocyte development, homeostasis, activation, and occasionally malignant transformation. In this study, a miR-155 transgene (tg) was driven to be overexpressed off of the lck promoter in order to assess its effects on natural killer (NK) cell biology in vivo. MiR-155 tg ...

There is no consensus regarding a best dosing regimen of hepatitis B virus vaccine (HBVV) for non-responsive HIV-infected individuals. Double-dose of hepatitis B vaccine (DDHBVV) could enhance immunogenicity to HBVV in non-responsive HIV-infected adults. We assessed the immunogenicity of DDHBVV in HIV-infected adolescents who failed to respond to standard HBVV ...

Abstract During hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, a broad range of inhibitors are generated, which interfere with yeast growth and bioethanol production. In order to improve the strain tolerance to multiple inhibitors-acetic acid, furfural, and phenol (three representative lignocellulose-derived inhibitors) and uncover the underlying tolerant mechanism, an adaptation experiment was performed ...

Over the past decade, there has been substantial interest in the role of the integral myelin protein, Nogo-A, from fundamental neurobiological to clinical perspectives. It is now a well-known inhibitor of neurite outgrowth through its cognate receptor, Nogo receptor 1 (NgR1). Nogo-A can only signal through NgR1 upon heteromeric collaboration ...

The manufacturing of tablets involves many unit operations that possess multivariate and complex characteristics. The interactions between the material characteristics and process related variation are presently not comprehensively analyzed due to univariate detection methods. As a consequence, current best practice to control a typical process is to not allow process-related ...

AimsThe aim of this study was to determine (i) whether long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with all-cause mortality using the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) data for England and Wales, and (ii) the extent to which exposure to air pollution contributed to socioeconomic inequalities in prognosis.Methods and ...

Screening of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negatives in companion animals living in the Paris area in France identified a high rate of CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Those isolates were recovered during the 2010-2011 period from both infections and asymptomatic colonization. Sequence typing revealed that most of these isolates belonged to sequence type ...

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. The killing of β-cells is not currently measurable; β-cell functional studies routinely used are affected by environmental factors such as glucose and cannot distinguish death from dysfunction. Moreover, it is not known whether immune therapies affect killing. We developed ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) is a rare, but not exceptional presentation of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Due to the remarkable difference in the incidence of the two conditions, this type of STS presentation is usually associated with a considerable delay in the diagnosis and ...

Orbital penetrating injuries may cause significant harm to optic nerves and eyeball as well as to the brain and cerebral vasculature. Defining surrounding neurovascular structures by CT angiography (CTA) is important for surgical removal. We present an uncommon case of a 3-year-old child with a penetrating orbital injury caused by ...

Pyrococcales are members of the order Thermococcales, a group of hyperthermophilic euryarchaea that are frequently found in deep sea hydrothermal vents. Infectious genetic elements, such as plasmids and viruses, remain a threat even in this remote environment and these microorganisms have developed several ways to fight their genetic invaders. Among ...

In this work we carried out chemical oxidation studies of nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNx-MWCNTs) using potassium permanganate in order to obtain nitrogen-doped graphene nanoribbons. Reaction parameters such as: oxidation reaction, reaction time, the oxidizer to nanotube mass ratio, and the temperature were varied and their effect carefully analyzed. The ...

Autophagy and senescence share a number of characteristics, which suggests that both responses could serve to collaterally protect the cell from the toxicity of external stress such as radiation and chemotherapy and internal forms of stress such as telomere shortening and oncogene activation. Studies of oncogene activation in normal fibroblasts ...

BACKGROUND: On 11 March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami struck off the coast of northeastern Japan. Within 3 weeks, an increased number of pneumonia admissions and deaths occurred in local hospitals. METHODS: A multicentre survey was conducted at three hospitals in Kesennuma City (population 74 000), northern Miyagi Prefecture. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Malaria can be caused by five Plasmodium species. Due to their higher prevalence, much of the research concentrates on Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. In Burkina Faso, where P. falciparum co-exists with Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale, there is not much data about the prevalence of the latter ...

AIMS: To discuss the importance of patients' treatment goals and perceived goal attainment to better address expectations in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: The development of the Self-Assessment Goal Achievement (SAGA) questionnaire was driven by measurement principles from the field of qualitative ...

Our current marine natural product program investigated the second metabolites of an actinomycete Streptomyces cavourensis YY01-17 originating from the Antarctic ecological niche to discover potential antitumor chemical entities. Two new compounds, along with a known compound, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fermentation broth of the marine-derived ...

Double-action haloketones: A super silyl group enabled the first highly diastereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reactions of α-chloro- and α-fluoroketones with a wide range of aldehydes, providing anti-β-siloxy-α-haloketones. This process is compatible with one-pot double-aldol methodology and allows for rapid access to new halogen-modified polyketide fragments bearing up to four contiguous stereocenters.

We report the direct synthesis of powder Na3Ti2(PO4)3 together with its low potential electrochemical performance and crystal structure elucidation for the reduced and oxidized phases. First principles calculations at the density functional theory level (DFT) has been performed to get further insight on the electrochemistry of Ti(IV)/Ti(III) and Ti(III)/Ti(II) redox ...

HER2/neu oncogene is frequently deregulated in cancers, and the (PI3K)-Akt signaling is one of the major pathways in mediating HER2/neu oncogenic signal. p57 (Kip2) , an inhibitor of cyclin-depependent kinases, is pivotal in regulating cell cycle progression, but its upstream regulators remain unclear. Here we show that the HER2-Akt axis ...

OBJECTIVES: Conventional surgical risk scores are used to identify suitable candidates for transapical aortic valve implantation (TA-AVI) at present. However, these scores do not consider multiple high-risk conditions, including porcelain aorta, mediastinal irradiation or frailty. The aim of this study was to compare the predictive ability of the new EuroSCORE ...

Urine is considered an ideal biofluid for clinical investigation because it is obtained non-invasively and relatively large volumes are easily acquired. In this study, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) has been applied for the quantification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace vapor of urine samples, which ...

Abstract Background: Quantification of particle deposition in the lung by gamma scintigraphy requires a reference image for location of regions of interest (ROIs) and normalization to lung thickness. In various laboratories, the reference image is made by a transmission scan ((57)Co or (99m)Tc) or gas ventilation scan ((133)Xe or (81)Kr). ...

X-band electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements have been performed on a conducting free-standing film of polyaniline plasticized and protonated with di-n-dodecyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid (DDoESSA). The magnetic field was applied parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the film. At around 75 K a transition is observed from Pauli susceptibility ...

Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the size and shape of Streptococcus mutans bacterial cells of infected dentin substrate subjected to photodynamic therapy (PDT) using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Background data: New trends in the application of AFM have been developed in the field of ...

Various works have been carried out in developing therapeutics against dengue. However, to date, no effective vaccine or anti-dengue agent has yet been discovered. The development of protease inhibitors is considered as a promising option, but most previous works have involved competitive inhibition. In this study, we focused on rational ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: As one of the most dominant bacterial groups on Earth, cyanobacteria play a pivotal role in the global carbon cycling and the Earth atmosphere composition. Understanding their molecular responses to environmental perturbations has important scientific and environmental values. Since important biological processes or networks are often evolutionarily conserved, ...

Caffeine and 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA) are widely used alone and in combination with dietary supplements. No investigation has determined the safety profile of chronic intake of caffeine or DMAA, alone or in combination, within the same study design. A total of 50 young and healthy men completed 12 weeks of daily supplementation ...

Channels responsible for slowly activating delayed-rectifier potassium current (I(Ks)) are composed of KCNQ1 and KCNE1 subunits, and these channels play a role in the repolarization of cardiac action potentials. Recently, we showed that the antihyperlipidemic drug probucol, which induces QT prolongation, decreases the I(Ks) after 24-h treatment. In the present ...

Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein (PTB) regulates pre-mRNA splicing, having special relevance for determining gene expression in the differentiating muscle. We have previously shown that PTB protein abundance is progressively reduced during heart development without reduction of its own transcript. Simultaneous reduction of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) expression prompted us to investigate ...

Background. Ankle fractures in diabetics are challenging to treat, and only generalized clinical guidelines specific to their treatment exist. As such, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) membership was polled regarding the management of different types of ankle fractures in this patient population. Methods. We developed a multiple-choice ...

To augment the rigor of health promotion research, this perspective article describes how cultural factors impact the outcomes of health promotion studies either intentionally or unintentionally. It proposes ways in which these factors can be addressed or controlled in designing studies and interpreting their results. We describe how variation within ...

We have designed and synthesized a new chiral paramagnetic liquid crystalline compound with a nitroxide radical moiety showing chiral smectic A (SmA*) and C (SmC*) phases. This compound shows pretransitional layer contraction at the SmA*-to-SmC* phase transition in the cooling run. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and polarized ...

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is an uncommon non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) that grows mainly in serous body cavities. The most common presentation of PEL is that of a young immunocompromised male with shortness of breath, as the pleural cavity is most commonly affected. Diagnosis is primarily ...

The methods for separation of R,S-tolterodine and R,S-methoxytolterodine enantiomers using sulfated α-, β-cyclodextrin and phosphatedγ-cyclodextrin by capillary electrophoresis in acidic background electrolyte based on Tris/phosphate pH 2.5 buffer were developed. Sulfated α- and β-cyclodextrin allow anodic detection while phosphated-γ-cyclodextrin allows only cathodic detection of the separated enantiomers. The influence of ...

PEGylated liposomes are attractive pharmaceutical nanocarriers; however, literature reports of ligand-targeted nanoparticles have not consistently shown successful results. Here, we employed a multifaceted synthetic strategy to prepare peptide-targeted liposomal nanoparticles with high purity, reproducibility, and precisely controlled stoichiometry of functionalities to evaluate the role of liposomal PEG coating, peptide EG-linker ...

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is an increasingly frequent cause of morbidity and mortality of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sclerodermatous cGVHD (Scl-cGVHD) is characterized by fibrosis and autoimmune features resembling those of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Transplantation of B10.D2 bone marrow and splenocytes into irradiated-BALB/c mice is an established model of ...

Objective: Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretrovirals (ARVs) is at the forefront of biomedical HIV prevention research, and ARVs are also being tested for rectal administration to target people practicing unprotected receptive anal intercourse (URAI) and at risk of HIV infection. This study assessed the acceptability of daily oral PrEP ...

Background: Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor clinical outcome. Surrogate biomarkers for outcome are scarce. There is mixed evidence for the association of high mannose-binding lectin (MBL) complement activity with cancer outcomes, including reduced survival and increased infectious complications. ω-3-rich fatty acids (ω-3FA) attenuate production of proinflammatory cytokines and potentially ...

Abstract HER2/neu amplification/overexpression is the only somatic mutation widely considered to be a marker of disease outcome and response to treatment in breast cancer. Pathologists have made large efforts to achieve accuracy in characterizing HER2/neu status. The introduction of transtuzumab contributed to development of additional measures to identify sensitive and ...

Toward the next generation fuel cell systems, the development of a novel electrocatalyst for the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is crucial to overcome the drawbacks of the present electrocatalyst. As a conductive supporting material for the catalyst, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a promising candidate, and many attempts ...

We measured the mRNA and protein expression of the key gluconeogenic enzymes in human liver biopsies, and found that only hepatic pyruvate carboxylase protein levels related strongly with glycemia. We assessed the role of pyruvate carboxylase in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in rats through a loss-of-function approach using a ...

This study assessed the use of whole body computed tomography (CT) for the evaluation of metastasis in dogs with primary appendicular bone tumours compared to long bone survey radiography, bone scintigraphy and thoracic radiographs. Fifteen dogs were included in this pilot study. A construct reference standard was used for detection ...

Intravenous administration of lipid is a relatively new treatment in the management of toxicity from lipophilic compounds. It is used in human medicine in the treatment of toxicity from lipophilic local anaesthetics and cardiotoxic drugs and can result in dramatic improvement in clinical status. We present six cases of poisoning ...

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate and review the literature surrounding serotonin toxicity in patients receiving linezolid and determine the clinical relevance of this reaction.DATA SOURCES:Literature was accessed via MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar (both through February 2013) using the search terms linezolid, serotonin syndrome, serotonin toxicity, and adverse reaction.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:Relevant case ...