Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor (Lgr)5 is a marker for epithelial stem cells in the adult intestine of mice. Lgr5 transcripts have also been detected in the developing murine thymus, leading to speculation that Lgr5 is a marker for the long-sought stem cell of the thymus. To address the nature ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The implementation of evidence-based infection control practices is essential, yet challenging for healthcare institutions worldwide. Although acknowledged that implementation success varies with contextual factors, little is known regarding the most critical specific conditions within the complex cultural milieu of varying economic, political, and healthcare systems. Given the increasing ...

Rodents produce highly variable ultrasound whistles as communication signals unlike many other mammals, who employ flow-induced vocal fold oscillations to produce sound. The role of larynx muscles in controlling sound features across different call types in ultrasound vocalization (USV) was investigated using laryngeal muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity, subglottal pressure measurements ...

Biocompatibility is often regarded as one important aspect of de novo designed nanomaterials for biosafety. However, the toxicological effect, appearing along with its latency, is much more difficult to address by linearly mapping physicochemical properties of related nanomaterials with biological effects such as immune or cellular regulatory responses due to ...

INTRODUCTION.: Orgasmic headache (OH) is a sudden and severe headache that occurs at the time of or shortly after an orgasm. AIM.: We present the case of typical primary headache associated with sexual activity, especially during an orgasmic period. METHODS.: A 34-year-old man complained of sudden and severe headache during ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It is well-known that health care workers in today's general hospitals have to deal with high levels of job demands, which could have negative effects on their health, well-being, and job performance. A way to reduce job-related stress reactions and to optimize positive work-related outcomes is to raise ...

Abstract Objective: The aim of this randomized longitudinal clinical study was to assess different treatment protocols for dentin hypersensitivity with high-power laser, desensitizing agent, and its association between high-power laser and desensitizing agent, for a period of 6 months. Background data: The literature shows a lack of treatment for dentin ...

Preeclampsia is a major disorder of pregnancy and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. In this study, we examined the expression of miR-376c and found that miR-376c levels were downregulated in both placental and plasma samples ...

ABSTRACT: The reaction of pharmacological active protic ionic liquid tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium 4-chlorophenylsulfanylacetate H+N(CH2CH2OH)3 [bullet operator] (-OOCCH2SC6H4Cl-4) (1) with zinc or nickel chloride in a ratio of 2:1 affords stable at room temperature powder-like adducts [H+N(CH2CH2OH)3]2 [bullet operator] [M(OOCCH2SC6H4Cl-4)2Cl2]2-, M = Zn (2), Ni (3). By recrystallization from aqueous alcohol compound 2 ...

Acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACMP) leads to significant toxicity of the central nervous system and heart, and even death, following it, some patients suffered delayed encephalopathy. Until now, no theory had explained it exactly. It was reported that neovascularization was found in acute ischemic brains and also that angiopoietins (Ang) ...

Abstract Whole-length esophagi of 111 Murrah cross water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were collected in the Kathmandu and Chitwan districts of Nepal during the period December 2009 to February 2010. Gullet worms showing a typical epithelium-dwelling character were detected in 13 of 53 (24.5%) buffaloes in Kathmandu and 5 of 58 ...

B2A is a synthetic peptide that augments osteodifferentiation and improves bony fusion when delivered on ceramic granules during arthrodesis surgery. Nonclinical safety assessments, including genotoxicity, supported the use of B2A-coated granules as a combination medical device in pilot clinical studies. As a prelude to pivotal clinical studies, an assessment of ...

Alzheimer's disease is a worldwide metabolic disease and an economically costly diseases to society, so more medicines need to be developed to treat this disease. Huperzine A, a novel lycopodium alkaloid isolated from tranditional Chinese medicine Huperzia serrata (Qian Ceng Ta), has been shown to possess multiple neuroprotective effects for ...

BACKGROUND:Inuit and First Nations populations have higher rates of stillbirth than non-Aboriginal populations in Canada do, but little is known about the timing and cause of stillbirth in Aboriginal populations. We compared gestational age- and cause-specific stillbirth rates in Inuit and First Nations populations with the rates in the non-Aboriginal ...

Thorough examination of the physico-chemical characteristics of a Ti processing residue was undertaken including mineralogical, geochemical, and radiochemical characterisation, and an investigation of the environmental toxicity of softwater leachate generated from the residue. Concentrations of most metals measured in the leachate were low; thus, the residue is unlikely to leach ...

BACKGROUND: Entomopoxviruses (EVs) form two types of inclusion bodies: spheroids, which contain virions, and spindles, which do not. We tested whether the spindles from a coleopteran EV, Anomala cuprea EV (ACEV), enhanced the insecticidal activity of a commercial Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) formulation and the susceptibility of scarabaeid pest species in ...

Decorin proteoglycan is comprised of a core protein containing a single O-linked dermatan sulfate/chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain. While the sequence of the decorin core protein is determined by the gene encoding its structure, the structure of its GAG chain is determined in the Golgi. The recent application of modern ...

Craniometaphyseal dysplasia (CMD; OMIM#123000) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hyperostosis of the craniofacial bones and metaphyseal flaring of the long bones. Patients with CMD often suffer from neurological symptoms due to obstruction of the cranial foramina (1). CMD is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, or occurs sporadically ...

Abstract Generation of productive transcripts of protein coding genes in eukaryotes is a complex, multistep process centrally controlled by the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex. The carboxy terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of the enzyme is designed to be modified by differential phosphorylation, and plays a key ...

OBJECTIVEHyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is a device that is used to treat foot ulcers. The study goal was to compare the effectiveness of HBO with other conventional therapies administered in a wound care network for the treatment of a diabetic foot ulcer and prevention of lower extremity amputation.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis ...

Doxorubicin is an antitumor drug commonly used against a wide spectrum of tumors. However, the clinical application of DOX is restricted by its cardiotoxicity. To reduce the cardiotoxicity, we develop an albumin-based nanocarrier via a new molecular switch method for DOX delivery. Spherically shaped DOX-loaded HSA nanoparticles (NPs-DOX) are prepared ...

Hybrid structures made of metal nanoparticles with liquid crystalline coating attract considerable attention due to their conspicuous self-assembly and potential synergistic properties. Here we report on a new structural parameter that can be used to control the formation of hybrid gold nanoparticles superlattice. Series of Au nanoclusters covered with mixed ...

Abstract Inferring the ancestral origin of chromosomal segments in admixed individuals is key for genetic applications, ranging from analyzing population demographics and history, to mapping disease genes. Previous methods addressed ancestry inference by using either weak models of linkage disequilibrium, or large models that make explicit use of ancestral haplotypes. ...

Elucidation of epithelial transport across transcellular or paracellular pathways promises to advance the present understanding of ion transport and enables regulation of cell junctions critical to the cell and molecular biology of the epithelium. Much of the present knowledge accumulated has made use of macroscale measurements of conductance through epithelium ...

In the present study, we investigate the spectroscopy and photochemical behavior of chromate ester cluster ions in vacuo in the visible and near UV. Chromate ester cluster ions Nan[CrO3(OCH3)]n+1- (n = 1, 2) are generated by electrospray ionization of sodium dichromate in water and methanol. Upon irradiation with photon energies ...

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is a mammalian histone methyltransferase (HMT) that contributes to the epigenetic silencing of target genes that regulates cancer cells growth and survival. EZH2 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with clinical significance that remains obscure. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, has been used as a ...

The synthesis of a series of co-oligomer amphiphiles by RAFT and their self-assembly behaviour in water is described. These novel amphiphiles, comprised of styrene, butyl acrylate and alkyl hydrophobes together with ionizable acrylic acid and nonionic hydroxyethylacrylate hydrophilic moieties and with total degrees of polymerization from 5 to 17, are ...

AIMS: To evaluate two chromogenic media, Brilliance CRE and chromID CARBA, with stool samples referred to the Public Health Laboratories Division of the National Institute of Health in Islamabad, and assess the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in this population. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and fifty two stool samples ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is emerging evidence that context is important for successful transfer of research knowledge into health care practice. The Alberta Context Tool (ACT) is a Canadian developed research-based instrument that assesses 10 modifiable concepts of organizational context considered important for health care professionals' use of evidence. Swedish and ...

IgE production is tightly regulated at the cellular and genetic levels and is believed to be central to allergy development. At least two cellular pathways exist that lead to systemic anaphylaxis reactions in vivo: IgE-sensitized mast cells and IgG1-sensitized basophils. Passive anaphylaxis, by application of allergen and allergen-specific antibodies in ...

Vitamin D is a well-studied agent for cancer chemoprevention and treatment. Its chief circulating metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, is converted into the active hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP27B1 in kidney and other tissues. 1,25D is then deactivated by CYP24A1 and ultimately catabolized. Colorectal carcinoma cells express ...

OBJECTIVES: Risk prediction in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains inaccurate and should be further improved. Therefore, we aimed to identify risk factors that are predictive of mortality, stroke, renal failure and/or length of stay after adult cardiac surgery in contemporary practice. METHODS: We searched the Medline database for English-language ...

Pericyclic reactions with energies E well above the potential energy barrier B (case E>B) proceed with quantum nuclear flux densities 〈j〉 which are essentially proportional to the nuclear densities ρ in the femtosecond time domain. This corresponds to the definition of classical (cl) mechanics, j(cl) =υ(cl) ρ(cl) , with almost ...

A factor limiting widespread use of the transgenic rasH2 mouse model for carcinogenicity testing of pharmaceuticals is the paucity of published data on actual drug candidates in rasH2 mice. This report addresses this gap by highlighting rasH2 mouse study data for 10 pharmaceutical candidates. These results were compared with findings ...

Here we present results that investigate the origins of signals observed in tip-enhanced Raman (TERS) measurements of functionalized nanoparticles. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is known to give the largest enhancements in gap junctions. Similarly, gap-mode TERS also produces significant enhancements. The methodology developed here provides gap-mode like enhancements in ...

Background: Little is known about how symptoms are changed in adolescents who receive treatment in an early detection and intervention service. Aims: The aims of the present research were to study change in depression, anxiety and hopelessness symptoms in a sample of help-seeking adolescents who participated in a community- and ...

Bacterial biofilms, a critical chronic wound mediator, remain difficult to treat. Energy-based devices may potentially improve healing, but with no evidence of efficacy against biofilms. This study evaluates noncontact, low-frequency ultrasound (NLFU) in the treatment of biofilm-infected wounds. Six-millimeter dermal punch wounds in rabbit ears were inoculated with 10(7) colony-forming ...

OBJECTIVESPatients undergoing thoracotomy were studied to compare the effects of cryoanalgesia, combined with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IVPCA), against IVPCA alone during the four days following surgery.METHODSFifty patients were randomized into two groups: an IVPCA group (n = 25) and an IVPCA-cryo group (n = 25). Subjective pain intensity was assessed ...

Gas sensors at work: The mode of operation of metal-oxide gas sensors can be studied by simultaneous measurement of the sensor response, adsorbates, changes in the metal-oxide material, and gas-phase composition by operando Raman-FTIR spectroscopy. Depending on the gas environment and temperature, for EtOH sensing by In(2) O(3) , a ...

The determinants of HIV-1-associated lymphadenopathy are poorly understood. We hypothesized that lymphocytes could be sequestered in the HIV-1+ lymph node (LN) through impairments in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-responsiveness. To test this hypothesis, we developed novel assays for S1P-induced Akt phosphorylation and actin polymerization. In the HIV-1+ LN, naïve CD4 T cells and ...

Biological and therapeutic advances in melanoma brain metastasis are hampered by the paucity of reproducible and predictive animal models. In this work, we have developed a robust model of brain metastasis that empowers quantitative tracking of cellular dissemination and tumor progression. Human melanoma cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles ...

AIM: To non-invasively study if compensation and decompensation occurs in the urinary bladder of healthy male volunteers in response to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) using the condom catheter method. METHODS: Between 2001 and 2010, 1,020 healthy male volunteers were included in a longitudinal study based on three non-invasive urodynamic examinations ...

This paper provides a detailed historical assessment of the origin and developmental progress of the concept of wound healing and its attempted acceleration from its start in the beginning of the 20th century to approximately 1960. Emphasis is placed on the development of cell culture in the assessment of wound ...

Heptacoordinated nickel(II) complexes characterized by substantial Ising-type single-ion anisotropy have been involved in the construction of two pentanuclear [Ni(3)W(2)] compounds by association with [W(CN)(8)](3-). For one of them, slow relaxation of magnetization was observed to occur concomitantly with antiferromagnetic ordering.

Abstract Background: Turner Syndrome (TS) is due to X chromosome monosomy and affects ∼1 per 2500 females at birth. The major features are short stature and primary ovarian failure. Short stature and monosomy for a maternal X chromosome have been implicated in impaired functionality in adult life; however, data on ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: We found previously that the expression of SET gene was up-regulated in polycystic ovaries. Evidences suggested that SET protein was essential for regulating both the promoter activity of CYP17A1 and the biological activity of P450c17. In this study, we explored whether SET regulated androgen production in preantral follicles. ...

OBJECTIVES: The conformational state of voltage-gated sodium channels is an important determinant for the efficacy of both local anesthesia and electrical neuromodulation techniques. This study investigated the role of subthreshold preconditioning ramp currents on axonal nerve excitability parameters in the presence of sodium channel blockers in myelinated A and unmyelinated ...

Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel heterohexanuclear complex (1) of a heteroaromatic cofactor, pyrroloquinolinequinone (PQQ). The crystal structure of 1 was determined to reveal that two PQQ-bridged Ru(II)Ag(I) units were linked by two [Ag(I)(OTf)(2)](-) units (OTf = CF(3)SO(3)(-)). A solvent-bound Ru(II)Ag(I) heterodinuclear complex (2) was formed from 1 ...

Two new sesquiterpenoids, tremulenolide D (1) and muurolane-10β,15-diol (2), together with four known sesquiterpenoids, tremulenediol A (3), 2β-hydroxy-α-candinol (4), epicubenol (5), and 3β-hydroxy-δ-candinol (6), were isolated from cultures of the fungus Ceriporia alachuana. The structures of new compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Structurally, compounds 1 and 3 are ...

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the microtensile bond strength of a composite resin to dentin modified with three different pulse durations of the Er:YAG laser based on variable square pulse technology and with one self-etch adhesive. Materials and methods: The entire occlusal enamel was removed ...