We report a study of the comparative solvothermal syntheses, using traditional and microwave ovens, of two complexes [Co(4)(μ(3)-OMe)(4)(L)(4)(MeOH)(4)], where (HL = Hhmb, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde () or Hheb = 2-hydroxy-3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde ()), their crystal structures and magnetic properties in the solid state and the ESI-MS of the solutions. The microwave heating is more ...

The mouse laser injury thrombosis model provides up to 0.22 μm-resolved voxel information about the pore architecture of the dense inner core and loose outer shell regions of an in vivo arterial thrombus. Computational studies were conducted on this 3D structure to quantify transport within and around the clot: Lattice Boltzmann ...

Gestures are common when people convey spatial information, for example, when they give directions or describe motion in space. Here, we examine the gestures speakers produce when they explain how they solved mental rotation problems (Shepard and Meltzer in Science 171:701-703, 1971). We asked whether speakers gesture differently while describing ...

BACKGROUND: Segmental dose reduction with increasing age after thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) has been documented. We hypothesised that after a fixed loading dose of ropivacaine at the T3-T4 level, increasing age would result in more extended analgesic spread. In addition, other aspects of neural blockade and haemodynamic changes were studied. ...

A Gram-staining-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated M-M3(T), was isolated from marine sand on the southern coast of South Korea and subjected to a polyphasic study. Strain M-M3(T) was observed to grow optimally at 25-30 °C, at pH 7.0-8.0 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. ...

There is strong evidence that a restricted part of the chick forebrain, the intermediate medial mesopallium (IMM), stores information acquired through the learning process of visual imprinting. We have previously demonstrated that at 1 h but not 24 h after imprinting training, a learning-specific increase in the amount of membrane Thr286-autophosphorylated α-calcium/calmodulin-dependent ...

Oat and barley foods have been shown to reduce human glycaemic response, compared to similar wheat foods or a glucose control. The strength of the evidence supporting the hypothesis that the soluble fibre, mixed linkage β-glucan, reduces glycaemic response was evaluated. A search of the literature was conducted to find ...

We report a simple, rapid and efficient strategy for modification of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with thiolated DNA at low solution pH and high salt concentration. DNA functionalized AuNRs were then used to assemble with DNA modified gold nanoparticles to form discrete satellite nanostructures.

Fibromyalgia is characterized by a range of symptoms that include muscle pain, fatigue and sleep disorders. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an established method for pain relief. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of two simultaneously new TENS devices for ...

The extent to which RNA stability differs between individuals and its contribution to the interindividual expression variation remain unknown. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of RNA stability in seven human HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and analyzed the effect of DNA sequence variation on RNA half-life differences. Twenty-six percent of ...

Bioactive indolo[3,2-j]phenanthridine alkaloids, Calothrixin A and B have been synthesized by exploiting Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction via C-H activation as a key step starting from 4-methoxycarbazole.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Long-lived trees can accumulate mutations throughout their lifetimes that may influence biotic and abiotic interactions. For example, some Eucalyptus trees display marked variation in herbivore defence within a single canopy. These "mosaic" trees support foliage with distinct chemotypes which are differentially favoured by insect and vertebrate herbivores, resulting ...

PURPOSE: Several studies have examined the prognostic value of the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism (rs1042522) and/or MDM2 SNP309 (rs2279744) in multiple tumors. Our aim was to determine whether these two genetic variants were correlated with clinical outcome of gastric cancer. METHODS: We genotyped the two SNPs, TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and ...

Organelles change their sub-cellular positions in response to various environmental conditions. Recently, we reported that cold treatments alter the intracellular position of chloroplasts and nuclei (cold positioning) in the fern Adiantum capillus-veneris; chloroplasts and nuclei localized to the periclinal cell wall relocated to anticlinal cell wall after cold treatments. To ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis (CF) is being increasingly recognized in children and adults globally, both in resource-poor and in affluent countries. However, high-quality evidence to inform management is scarce. Oral amoxycillin-clavulanate is often the first antibiotic chosen for non-severe respiratory exacerbations, because of the antibiotic-susceptibility patterns detected ...

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess perinatal antecedents to postpartum depression. METHODS: This was a prospective population-based, observational study of women screened for symptoms of depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with scores > 13 referred for psychiatric evaluation. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes were analyzed using univariable and multivariable analysis ...

With a transition metal (TM) complex or a protonated organic amine as a structure-directing agent (SDA), five novel Hg-Sb-Se compounds with the architectures ranging from one-dimensional (1D) ribbon, two-dimensional (2D) layer, to three-dimensional (3D) open-framework have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. The compounds [Ni(1,2-pda)(3)]HgSb(2)Se(5) () (1,2-pda = 1,2-diaminopropane) and ...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Severe asthma exacerbations during pregnancy are a common complication leading to poor health outcomes for both mother and baby. Asthma exacerbations are caused most frequently by respiratory viruses. A balance between antiviral and inflammatory immune responses is critical during pregnancy: the balance may be altered by asthma ...

Purpose Improved therapies and early detection have significantly increased the number of breast cancers survivors, leading to increasing needs regarding return to work (RTW). Occupational therapy (OT) interventions provide successful RTW assistance for other conditions, but are not validated in breast cancer. This paper aims to identify a theoretical framework ...

An exceptionally large size cuboctahedral imine cage is obtained from small size organic molecules in a thermodynamically driven [8+12] cyclocondensation. This is a demonstration of the role of entropy of symmetry as a driving force in reversible reactions.

ABSTRACT Background: To characterize the clinical phenotypes associated with previously-reported mutations of the eyes shut homolog (EYS) gene, including a truncating mutation, c.4957_4958insA, which is a major causative mutation for retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in Japan. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised ten unrelated RP subjects with very likely pathogenic ...

OBJECTIVE: Examination of dry mouth in postoperative oral tumour patients should ideally be performed simply and quickly at the chair side. Moisture-checking devices and saliva wetness testers are available for such moisture measurement. Previous studies have reported that moisture-checking devices are useful to examine dry mouth in patients with maxillary ...

The mid-hindbrain boundary (MHB) organizer is among the best studied local organizers that patterns the midbrain and cerebellum in vertebrates and is established by a regulatory network of several transcription factors and signals, including Wnt signaling. In the present study, we found that Xenopus Nkx6.1 and Nkx6.2, two transcription factors ...

Frustration in chain packing has been proposed to play an important role in thermodynamic and dynamic properties of polymeric melts and glasses. Based on a quantitative analysis using Voronoi tessellations and large scale molecular dynamics simulations of flexible and semi-flexible polymers, we demonstrate that the rigid polymer chains have higher ...

Antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) commonly results in glomerulonephritis, in which neutrophils and monocytes have important roles. The heterodimer calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9, mrp8/14) is a Toll-like receptor-4 ligand found in neutrophils and monocytes and is elevated in inflammatory conditions. By immunohistochemistry of renal biopsies, patients with focal or crescentic glomerular ...

Water extract of banana (Musa sapientum) infructescence stalks has been used in folk medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This work aims at verifying the claimed effect and elucidating its possible mode of action. The extract was given in replacement of drinking water to diabetic rats, and its mechanism ...

Sheath blight (SB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani kühn, is one of the most serious global rice diseases. No major resistance genes to SB have been identified so far. All discovered loci are quantitative resistance to rice SB. The qSB-11(LE) resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) has been previously reported on chromosome ...

Medial olivocochlear efferent neurons can control cochlear frequency selectivity and may be activated in a reflexive manner by contralateral sounds. The present study investigated the significance of the contralateral medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) on human psychoacoustical tuning curves (PTCs), a behavioral correlate of cochlear tuning curves. PTCs were measured using ...

The circadian clock and the hypoxic signaling pathway play critical roles in physiological homeostasis as well as in tumorgenesis. Interactions between both pathways have repeatedly been reported for mammals during the last decade, the molecular basis, though, has not been identified so far. Expression levels of oxygen-regulated and circadian clock ...

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were (i) to determine the spatial resolution and sensitivity of micro- versus nano-computed tomography (CT) techniques and (ii) to validate micro- versus nano-CT in a dog dental implant model, comparative to histological analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To determine spatial resolution and sensitivity, standardized reference ...

There is mounting evidence to support the use of a combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy in the treatment of various types of cancers. However, the mechanism(s), by which these modalities are synergized, are not fully understood. In this review, we discuss several possible mechanisms of the combined effect of immunotherapy ...

Studies indicate nicotine metabolism varies by race and can change during pregnancy. Given high rates of tobacco use and limited studies among Alaska Native (AN) women, we estimated associations of saliva cotinine levels with cigarette use and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and estimated a saliva cotinine cutoff to distinguish smoking ...

PURPOSE: We herein report our experience with pancreas transplantation in 26 patients at a single institution in Japan between August 2001 and December 2011. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 26 pancreas transplantations performed in our institute. RESULTS: The early complications (within 2 weeks) included one graft venous thrombosis, one ...

This article is a critical literature review of pathological gambling focused in the family factors, particularly in the couple dynamics. Its main goal is to develop an explicative integrative systemic model of pathological gambling, based in these couple dynamics. To achieve that aim, a bibliography search was made, using on-line ...

Trisomy 21 (T21), or Down syndrome (DS), is the most frequent and recognizable cause of intellectual disabilities. The level of disability, as evaluated by the intelligence quotient (IQ) test, varies considerably between patients independent of other factors. To determine the genetic or molecular basis of this difference, a high throughput ...

Although leukocyte telomere length is associated with mortality and many chronic diseases thought to be manifestations of age-related functional decline, it is not known whether it relates to acute disease in younger healthy populations. To determine whether shorter telomeres in leukocytes, especially CD8CD28- T cells, are associated with decreased resistance ...

It is a central principle in medical ethics that vulnerable patients are entitled to a degree of protection that reflects their vulnerability. In critical care research, this protection is often established by means of so-called proxy consent. Proxy consent for research participation constitutes a substituted judgement by a close relative ...

Oligodendrocyte development is controlled by numerous extracellular signals that regulate a series of transcription factors that promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to myelinating cells in the central nervous system. A major element of this regulatory system that has only recently been studied is the intracellular signaling from surface ...

The first investigation into two C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds of CO(2) reacting in one reaction through dual 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of CO(2) with isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates has been reported. The reaction proceeded efficiently at 80 °C at a pressure of 1 atm of CO(2), affording symmetric 1,6-dioxospiro[4,4]nonane-3,8-diene derivatives ...

PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of children with obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) and examine its association with gender, age, injury level, injured side, and functional status. METHODS: We conducted a controlled, cross-sectional study including 70 children with OBPP. Fifty-two age-matched children without any ...

Despite legislative prohibitions, there is empirical evidence that youth gamble on both regulated and unregulated activities. The current survey was designed to assess teachers' awareness and attitudes regarding adolescent gambling and other high-risk behaviours. Three-hundred and ninety teachers from Ontario and Quebec, with experience teaching students aged 12-18, completed an ...

INTRODUCTION: In patients with programmable CSF shunt valves, the risk of unintentional valve adjustment associated with the environmental magnetic influence is ever present. We tested whether the iPad 3 with Smart Cover is capable of changing the setting of individual programmable valves ex vivo using direct fluoroscopic visualization. METHODS: The ...

BACKGROUND: A few animal studies have shown that IL-6 can serve as an early marker of fat embolism syndrome. The degree to which this is true in human trauma victims is unknown. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: In this clinical study, we sought to determine (1) whether elevated serum IL-6 levels at 6, 12, ...

Adsorption of human serum fibrinogen on polystyrene latex particles was studied using the micro-electrophoretic and the concentration depletion methods. Measurements were carried out for pH 3.5, and an ionic strength range of 10-3 to 0.15 M, NaCl. Electrophoretic mobility of latex was determined as a function of the amount of ...

Introduction: We examined whether lifestyle factors differ between patients with ulnar neuropathy confirmed by electroneurography (ENG) and those with ulnar neuropathy-like symptoms with normal ulnar nerve ENG. Methods: Among patients examined by ENG for suspected ulnar neuropathy, we identified 546 patients with ulnar neuropathy and 633 patients with ulnar neuropathy-like ...

The free radical scavenging activity of Trolox was studied for aqueous and lipid environments using the Density Functional Theory. Several reaction mechanisms and free radicals of different chemical nature have been included in this study, as well as the influence of the pH. Trolox was found to be a powerful ...

Driven by orthogonal pillar[5]arene-based and crown ether-based molecular recognitions, a dynamic [1]catenane with pH-responsiveness was constructed via threading-followed-by-complexation.

Cognitive science has primarily studied the mental simulation of spatial transformations with tests that focus on rigid transformations (e.g., mental rotation). However, the events of our world are not limited to rigid body movements. Objects can undergo complex non-rigid discontinuous and continuous changes, such as bending and breaking. We developed ...

The ascomycetous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has been established as model system for studies of several research topics as well as for biotechnological processes in the last two decades. However, frequency of heterologous recombination is high in this yeast species, and so knockouts of genes are laborious to achieve. Therefore, the ...

1 I. Introduction 1 II. Microevolutionary perspectives on SEDE 3 III. Macroevolutionary perspectives on SEDE 5 IV. SEDE and the distribution of outcrossing rates in angiosperms 8 V. Redirection of study to challenge Stebbins' claims 9 Acknowledgements 10 References 10 SUMMARY: To provide a comparative framework to understand the evolution ...