OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of a parent-reported survey to identify children's moderate and serious injuries in seven specific body regions using medical records as the 'gold standard'. METHODS: A prospective validation study was conducted in three urban paediatric emergency departments (EDs). 798 parents of 859 children treated for injuries ...

Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] is involved in modulating an array of complex behaviors including learning, depression, and circadian rhythms. Additionally, HTR2 receptors on layer V pyramidal neurons are thought to mediate the actions of psychedelic drugs; the native function of these receptors at this site, however, remains unknown. Previously, we found ...

Major sex differences exist in the development and progression of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Prior to menopause, women have lower arterial pressure and, furthermore, are protected from hypertension and cardiovascular disease relative to age-matched men. However, post-menopause this cardiovascular protection in women is lost. These sex differences have been linked ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The integration of behavioral health services into primary care is increasingly popular, yet fidelity of implementation in this area has been infrequently assessed due to the few measurement tools available. A sentinel indicator of fidelity of implementation is provider adherence, or utilization of prescribed procedures and engagement in ...

AIMS AND METHODS: This study assessed incidence, predictive factors, and outcome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNAemia in 100 recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. A total of 68 patients received anti-thymocyte globulin before unrelated grafts. RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of high-load EBV DNAemia defined by levels >10,000 copies/mL was 14% ...

In the fields of diagnosis, imaging, regenerative medicine, and drug targeting, aptamers are promising nucleic acid ligands for specific recognition and binding of whole living cells. These aptamers are selected by a combinatorial chemistry technique called cell-SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment). During this iterative procedure of in ...

Liver transplantation is one of the curative treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, cancer recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation are common in some HCC patients with high-risk factors, even within the Milan criteria. It remains unclear whether adjuvant therapy with sorafenib inhibits HCC recurrence and metastasis after liver transplantation. ...

Aluminium (Al)-activated citrate secretion plays an important role in Al resistance in a number of plant species, such as rice bean (Vigna umbellata). This study further characterized the regulation of VuMATE1, an aluminium-activated citrate transporter. Al stress induced VuMATE1 expression, followed by the secretion of citrate. Citrate secretion was specific ...

The energetics of thiol addition and elimination reactions to bicyclic enones derived from an indole core structure were explored using (1)H NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The agreement between experiment and theory is excellent, and the combined results reveal that even minor changes in the conformation of the ...

Bacterial live vector vaccines represent a vaccine development strategy that offers exceptional flexibility. In this approach, genes encoding protective antigens of unrelated bacterial, viral or parasitic pathogens are expressed in an attenuated bacterial vaccine strain that delivers these foreign antigens to the immune system, thereby eliciting relevant immune responses. Rather ...

Pig production is a commodity business, which makes it a cost-driven business. Pig producers and their advisors are appropriately reluctant to adopt technologies without confidence that improved production will more than pay for the cost of the technology. Physiological effects of technologies targeting gut sensory pathways must translate to demonstrably ...

The predictive validity of violence risk assessments can be divided into two components: calibration and discrimination. The most common performance indicator used to measure the predictive validity of structured risk assessments, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), measures the latter component but not the former. As it ...

An efficient route for the preparation of substituted N-heterocycles was developed through the amine addition to nitroalkenes. The reaction tolerates a large substrate scope with good to excellent yields (up to 95%) and excellent stereoselectivities (up to 99 : 1 dr).

BACKGROUND: A pilot-scale production was developed to produce oligopeptide powder from black-bone silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson) muscle (BSFP) by two-step enzymatic hydrolysis and multistage separation. The resultant BSFP was assessed for antioxidant activities against four free radicals (hydroxyl, 1,1-dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide and peroxyl) and against the peroxidation of ...

The south coast of Laizhou Bay, in north-eastern China, is a halogenated flame retardant (HFR) production area. In 2007, we measured serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Laizhou Bay residents. To assess the PBDE concentration trend, and determine the concentrations of the emerging flame retardants dechlorane plus (DP) ...

Recurrent hepatitis C virus infection (rHCV) is associated with accelerated fibrosis rates post liver transplantation (LT) and is the leading cause for graft failure. Furthermore, distinguishing rHCV from acute cellular rejection (ACR) can be problematic, leading to inappropriate treatment and adverse outcomes. We hypothesized that intra-graft microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles ...

ABSTRACT: The aim. (1) To develop a mathematical model of the passage of a diffusible indicator through microcirculation based on a stochastic description of diffusion and flow; (2) To use Goresky transform of the dilution curves of the diffusible indicators for the estimation of the permeability of a tissue-capillary barrier.The ...

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in diverse applications ranging from paints and cosmetics to biomedicine and food. Although micron-sized ZnO is a traditional food supplement, ZnO NPs are an unknown public health risk because of their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, we studied the 13-week subchronic toxicity of ZnO ...

Memory can be modified when reactivated, but little is known about how the properties and extent of reactivation can selectively affect subsequent memory. We developed a novel museum paradigm to directly investigate reactivation-induced plasticity for personal memories. Participants reactivated memories triggered by photos taken from a camera they wore during ...

BACKGROUND: Activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is common in head and neck cancers, and it has been demonstrated that inhibition of mTOR complex 1 sensitizes cell lines to platinum and taxane chemotherapy. The authors conducted a phase 1 study to evaluate the addition of oral ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Postprandial lipemia (PL) in adults has been extensively studied, but little explored in youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of weight excess on postprandial lipemia in adolescents. METHODS: Eighty-three adolescents were classified into Groups 1 (n= 49, overweight) and 2 (n=34, eutrophic). Total ...

BACKGROUND:Tendinopathies represent a serious challenge for orthopaedic surgeons involved in treatment of athletes. PURPOSE:To compare the effectiveness and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections and focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in athletes with jumper's knee. STUDY DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS:Forty-six consecutive athletes with jumper's knee ...

Background:It is generally accepted that pheochromocytoma is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. This is however not based on studies with an appropriate control group of patients with essential hypertension.Aim of the Study:We examined whether patients with pheochromocytoma have an excess cardiovascular morbidity as compared to hypertensive patients.Methods:In a retrospective ...

Disparity tuning measured in the primary visual cortex (V1) is described well by the disparity energy model, but not all aspects of disparity tuning are fully explained by the model. Such deviations from the disparity energy model provide us with insight into how network interactions may play a role in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Torso-based vibrotactile feedback may significantly reduce postural sway in balance-compromised adults during quiet standing or in response to perturbations. However, natural non-volitional postural responses to vibrotactile stimulation applied to the torso remain unknown. METHODS: The primary goal of this study was to determine, for two types of actuators ...

Base excision repair (BER) is a frontline repair system that is responsible for maintaining genome integrity and thus preventing premature aging, cancer and many other human diseases by repairing thousands of DNA lesions and strand breaks continuously caused by endogenous and exogenous mutagens. This fundamental and essential function of BER ...

BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE: Intellectual disability is a condition characterized by significant limitations in cognitive abilities and social/behavioral adaptive skills and is an important reason for pediatric, neurologic, and genetic referrals. Approximately 10% of protein-encoding genes on the X chromosome are implicated in intellectual disability, and the corresponding intellectual disability is ...

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for growth, body composition, and structural soundness traits in commercial gilt lines. The data included 1,449 gilts; 462 females from a grandparent maternal line and 987 from a parent maternal line. Growth was expressed as the number of days to ...

AIMS: The long-term impact of implantable device-related complications on the patient outcome has not been thoroughly evaluated. The aims of this retrospective, bi-centre study were to analyse the rate and nature of device-related complications requiring surgical revision in a large series of patients undergoing device implantation, elective generator replacement and ...

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) on individual native silk fibres demonstrates changes in the dynamic mechanical properties of storage modulus and loss tangent as a function of temperature and temperature history ranging from -100 to 250 °C. These property changes are linked quantitatively to two main types of change in ...

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) not only play a crucial role during innate immunity by secreting bulk amounts of type I Interferons (IFNs) in response to Toll-like-receptor (TLR)-mediated pathogen recognition, but can also contribute to adaptive immunity by activation of antigen-specific T cells. Furthermore, it is well-established that pDCs contribute to ...

Context. An update of the first position paper on ipecac syrup from 1997 was published by the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and the European Association of Poison Centres and Clinical Toxicologists in 2004. The aims of this paper are to briefly summarize the content of the 2004 Position Paper ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although a previous meta-analysis reported no association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and prostate cancer risk, a number of studies suggest that MetS may be associated with the aggressiveness and progression of prostate cancer. However, these results have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the nature of ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: H1N1 influenza can cause severe acute lung injury (ALI). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can support gas exchange in patients failing conventional mechanical ventilation, but its role is still controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on ECMO for H1N1-associated ALI. METHODS: CENTRAL, Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Scopus ...

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is a major risk factor for chronic gastritis, digestive ulcers, and gastric cancer. Previous studies have shown associations between H. pylori infection and decreased iron storage. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between H. pylori infection and serum iron and ferritin levels in Japan. MATERIALS AND ...

Turning is the most important trigger for freezing of gait (FOG). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between impaired head-pelvis rotation during turning and FOG. Head, trunk, and pelvic rotation were measured at onset and throughout a 180-degree turn in 13 freezers and 14 nonfreezers (OFF ...

Commensal E. coli residing in the human gut produce colibactin, a small molecule genotoxin of unknown structure that has been implicated in the development of colon cancer. Colibactin biosynthesis is hypothesized to involve a prodrug resistance strategy that entails initiation of biosynthesis via construction of an N-terminal prodrug scaffold and ...

Aims: To study how selected indicators of socioeconomic status and urban-rural residency associate with medication use in form of number of daily medications, polypharmacy, and medication use according to Anatomic Therapeutic Classification (ATC) system. Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study among older community-dwelling Icelanders. Criteria for participation were: age ≥65 years, community-dwelling, ...

Analysis of protein kinase B (AKT) and S6 kinase1 (p70S6K) activity is widely used to assess the efficacy of interventions designed to increase or maintain skeletal muscle mass; these studies are often performed on feed deprived mice. One problem associated with feed deprivation is that it promotes catabolism, and young ...

OBJECTIVE: No instrument has been developed and validated across cultures to measure the degree of support provided by informal carers to people with schizophrenia. We aimed to develop such a measure. METHOD: The Maristán Scale of Informal Care was developed directly from the views of patients with schizophrenia in six ...

Angiomatous meningiomas are rare meningioma subtypes, which are characterized by abundant, well-formed vessels. We encountered two cases of newly diagnosed angiomatous meningiomas exhibiting tumor cells with brown pigments, which were histochemically proven to be iron. In an attempt to understand its pathological significance, we assessed this unusual finding in representatives ...

Several viruses express factors to silence host gene expression via widespread mRNA degradation. During lytic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection this phenotype is due to the coordinated activity of the viral endonuclease SOX and the cellular RNA degradation enzyme Xrn1. While most cellular transcripts are highly down-regulated, a subset of ...

Imogolite is a single-walled aluminosilicate nanotube (NT) found in nature that can be easily synthesized, as well as its analogue aluminogermanate NT. Based on geometrical assumptions and pKa values, species such as H(3)PO(4), H(3)PO(3), H(3)AsO(3), H(3)AsO(4) could also be candidates to form imogolite-like structures. In the present work, we provide ...

Sclerostin is predominantly expressed by osteocytes. Serum sclerostin levels are positively correlated with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measured by DXA and bone microarchitecture assessed by high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in small studies. We assessed the relation of serum sclerostin levels with aBMD and microarchitectural parameters based ...

BACKGROUND:Conventional transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction techniques in skeletally immature patients have been questioned because of potential physeal injuries. Consequently, multiple alternative reconstruction options have been described to restore stability while sparing the physes in the skeletally immature patient. HYPOTHESIS:All pediatric reconstruction techniques will restore knee stability to intact ...

A major hall of hominid brain evolution is an expansion of the frontal lobes. To determine if a similar trajectory occurs during modern human development, the MRI scans of 118 living infants, children, and adolescents were reviewed and three specific measurements obtained: frontal width (FW), maximal cerebral width (MW), and ...

Ciborinia camelliae is the causal agent of camellia flower blight. This fungal pathogen is a significant pest of the Camellia floriculture industry as it specifically infects the floral tissue of ornamental camellia cultivars leading to the rapid development of necrotic lesions and blight. This study aims to characterize natural resistance ...

Aim: To compare topical application of chlorhexidine for umbilical cord care with conventional dry care for prevention of neonatal sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Methods: The study was conducted in the NICU of a teaching hospital in north India between 2010 and 2011. Newborns (≥32 weeks of gestation and ...

We conducted a study to clarify the incidence, clinical course, and risk factors of de novo allergies after liver transplantation. Ninety-three patients who had been followed longer than one yr and who had no previous allergy history were included. Forty-two patients (45.2%) developed de novo allergy. Of them, food allergy ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection can lead to development of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in a subset of infected subjects. HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) gene has a critical role in HTLV-1 infectivity and the development ...