In the relationship between pulmonary diseases and bone, the systemic effects of pulmonary disease on bone metabolism, such as osteoporosis in COPD, have been recently investigated as well as abnormal bone metabolism induced by the therapy for lung diseases such as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. However, the effective strategy for risk assessment, ...

Several lines of evidence suggest that proteasomes, the major nonlysosomal proteases in eukaryotes, are involved in the pathophysiology of various disease processes, including ischemia-reperfusion injury and trauma. Recently, we demonstrated that 26S proteasome activity is negatively regulated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and that proteasome activation during ischemia contributes to myocardial ...

In contrast to the established principles of "damage-control orthopedics" for temporary external fixation of long bone or pelvic fractures, the "ideal" timing and modality of fixation of unstable spine fractures in severely injured patients remains controversial. A prospective cohort study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a ...

BACKGROUND: Although many surgeons leave laparotomy incisions open after colon injury to prevent surgical site infection (SSI), other injured patient subsets are also at risk. We hypothesized that leaving trauma laparotomy skin incisions open in high-risk patients with any enteric injury or requiring damage control laparotomy (DCL) would not affect ...

Because childhood obesity is such a threat to the physical, mental, and social health of youth, there is a great need to identify effective strategies to reduce its prevalence. The objective of this study was to estimate the mean calories from added sugars that are saved by switching sugar-sweetened beverages ...

Effective prevention requires understanding vulnerable populations, early signs of health risks, and the impact of social contexts. We tested a model of co-occurring mental health risks among at-risk youth experiencing school difficulties. We analyzed data from a random sample of 336 at-risk youth, grades 9-12, who completed a comprehensive risk/protective ...

The aim of this 10 year retrospective study was to evaluate the crestal bone loss around immediate implant placed in tricalcium phosphate (TCP) grafted extraction sockets Data were collected from files of 58 patients (33 females, 25 males, average age 54.78 years) undergoing immediate implant placement into fresh extraction socket ...

Renal function is characterized by different physiologic aspects, including perfusion, glomerular filtration, interstitial diffusion, and tissue oxygenation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows great promise in assessing these renal tissue characteristics noninvasively. The last decade has witnessed a dramatic progress in MRI techniques for renal function assessment. This article briefly describes ...

CO-CHAIRS: Feldman D: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Georgia Institute of Technology and Morehouse School of Medicine; Pamboukian SV: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Teuteberg JJ: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania TASK FORCE CHAIRS: Birks E: University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky; Lietz K: Loyola University, Chicago, Maywood, Illinois; ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between angulated implants and the bone loss around implants in the anterior maxilla. The subjects studied had a missing tooth in the anterior maxilla and a bone deficiency that required restoration with an angulated dental implant. After mounting the casts ...

Contradictory findings are reported in the literature concerning prognostic factors for failure of nonoperative management (NOM) in the treatment of adults with blunt splenic injury. The objective of this systematic review was to identify prognostic factors for failure of NOM, with or without angiography and embolization. MEDLINE, Embase, and the ...

INTRODUCTION.: Understanding sexual health issues in cancer patients is integral to care for the continuously growing cancer survivor population. AIM.: To create a national network of active clinicians and researchers focusing on the prevention and treatment of sexual problems in women and girls with cancer. METHODS.: Interdisciplinary teams from the ...

The role of mitochondrial dysfunction has not been thoroughly clarified in the pathogenesis of critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to investigate mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and apoptosis in circulating platelets in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). This prospective observational study was conducted from May ...

The goal of secondary cranioplasty is permanent cerebral protection in an esthetically acceptable fashion. Reconstruction of cranial defects can be performed with several different materials. Alloplastic materials, such as preformed methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) cranioplasties, are an alternative frequently used at our institution. This retrospective analysis was designed to review the outcomes ...

Based on the progress of researches in bone biology field, it has been clarified that bone metabolism can be regulated by complex network between various tissues and organs. Among them, sex steroid hormones, including estrogen and androgen, are known as one of the players in bone metabolism. Sex steroid hormones ...

Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) such as T1-weighted and T2-weighted images of the female pelvis provide morphological information with excellent tissue contrast, which reflects the pathology of malignant diseases of the uterus. Owing to the recent improvement in hardware and software, in combination with extensive research in imaging techniques, not ...

We aimed to estimate, in a large French cohort of middle-aged adults derived from the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants trial, the association of compliance with the guidelines of the French Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) assessed at inclusion and change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over 12 ...

Catheter-associated deep venous thromboses (CADVTs) are a common occurrence in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU), necessitating central venous catheter (CVC) removal and replacement. Previous studies evaluating risk factors for CADVT in SICU patients are limited, and most lack a true denominator of all CVC days. We sought to determine ...

With globalization, modern Western consciousness has spread across the world. This influx has affected the Japanese culture but ego consciousness has emerged through a long history and different course from that of the West. At a personal level, I have been interested in the establishment of a subject in a ...

Abnormalities of the MYC oncogene on chromosome 8 are characteristic of Burkitt lymphoma and other aggressive B-cell lymphomas, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We recently described a colorimetric in situ hybridization (CISH) method for detecting extra copies of the MYC gene in DLBCL and the frequent occurrence of excess ...

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) has been extensively described in sepsis but not in acute hemorrhage. We sought to determine the incidence of hyperacute AI (HAI) immediately after hemorrhage and its association with mortality. Patients with acute traumatic hemorrhagic shock presenting to the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center prospectively had serum ...

BACKGROUND: Since its introduction by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, the ventilator bundle (VB) has been credited with a reduction in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The VB consists of stress ulcer prophylaxis, deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, head-of-bed elevation, and daily sedation vacation with weaning assessment. While there is little compelling evidence ...

To give a detailed clinical outcome analysis of a consecutive series of patients treated arthroscopically for traumatic triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) foveal tears. This study was a consecutive case series of 11 patients who underwent arthroscopically assisted repair for traumatic TFCC foveal lesions. The mean age at the time of ...

As a part of the surgical process, patients are screened in the preanesthesia services department before surgery. Often phone messages are left in English. The nurses will continue to make multiple calls trying to reach patients. As the patient population continues to diversify, problems in contacting patients have been noted. ...

Osteoporosis associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) is common, and tends to be severe, slow to recover from, and sometimes irreversible. The abnormal bone metabolism in severely emaciated AN patients involves both a reduction in bone formation and an increase in bone resorption. The annual change in lumbar bone mineral density ...

Dexmedetomidine is a new and highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist with potent anti-inflammatory capacity. This study explored the effects of dexmedetomidine on regulating hemodynamics, the plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels, immunohistochemical localization of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) from blunt chest trauma-induced pulmonary contusion in rats. ...

Degloving injuries are severe and frequently underestimated lesions. Lower extremities are the most commonly affected limbs. This injury is associated with a high morbidity and mortality if mismanaged. The treatment of such patients still varies, clinical indicators for its prognosis are scarce, and some technical protocols are also controversial. Between ...

The analytical performance and the clinical utility of a thyrotropin receptor (TSHR)-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) bioassay were compared with those of a TSHR-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) assay. Limits of detection (LoD) and quantitation (LoQ), assay cutoff, and the half-maximal effective concentration (EC(50)) were measured. Dilution analysis was performed in sera of ...

Nationally representative data from a sample (n = 928) of full-time nursing home social services directors were used to investigate whether knowing characteristics of the social environment at work can help to explain which directors report job thriving. Two-thirds of directors reported they were thriving in their jobs. Multiple regression results show ...

Glucocorticoid (GC) is widely used to treat a variety of inflammatory and allergic diseases and about one million people in Japan are known to take oral GC. GC causes a number of significant side effects and among them osteoporosis and degenerative bone fracture are major complications of GC therapy. GC ...

The exact alterations of the immune system after polytrauma leading to sepsis and multiple-organ failure are poorly understood. Thus, the early local and systemic inflammatory and apoptotic response was characterized in a new polytrauma model and compared with the alterations seen after single or combined injuries. Anesthetized C57BL/6 mice were ...

There are limited outcome studies describing floating elbow injuries. The purpose of this report is to describe patient outcomes after floating elbow injury using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) elbow assessment form. From 1994 to 2004, 19 patients were retrospectively identified at 3 Level I trauma centers and ...

Staffing of attending intensivists 24 hours per day, 7 days per week (24/7) in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) has unknown benefits. We hypothesized that 24/7 attending intensivist staffing in the SICU would improve outcomes and processes of care. We retrospectively reviewed 26 months of admissions to our 20-bed ...

Limb compartment syndrome (CS) is a difficult diagnosis. Accurate measurement of compartment pressure is user dependent, and there is no consensus on values to define CS. Given the prevalence of extremity CS, difficulty in timely diagnosis, and ramifications of a delay in diagnosis, a precise and reliable means for early ...

Jung's contribution to the understanding of the relevance of psychology to alchemy has become increasingly invalidated by the ahistorical nature of his approach, just as his tendency to ignore the importance of cognitive aesthetics for an improved comprehension of the functions of alchemical images has prevented Jungians from further extending ...

Microvascular hyperpermeability following conditions such as hemorrhagic shock occurs mainly owing to disruption of the adherens junctional protein complex in endothelial cells. The objective of this study was to examine the action of staurosporine, a potent activator of endogenous caspase 3 on the adherens junction and the cellular pathway through ...

The management of a mangled lower extremity is complex and requires consideration of a patient's injury pattern, medical history, social context, and preference. The Lower Extremity Assessment Project provides the highest level of evidence guiding management; however, the Lower Extremity Assessment Project cohort was recruited 15 years ago and was ...

During preservation, donated liquid red blood cells (RBCs) experience multiple functional and structural changes known as the storage lesion. Increased RBC age is associated with increased infection rates, organ failure, and mortality. This prospective, randomized, double-blinded pilot study enrolled stable trauma patients who required RBC transfusion. Patients were randomly assigned ...

During screening of heart transplantation (HTx) candidates supported by ventricular assist devices (VADs) for plasma biomarkers we found that galectin-3 (Gal-3) was increased pre-operatively in patients who later died during VAD support. Therefore, we analyzed the predictive value of plasma Gal-3 in the context of other potential clinical risk factors ...

The purpose of our study was to correlate the morphology of displaced radial head and neck (DRHN) fractures with associated ligament injuries and evaluate the outcomes of management of the torn ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). Twenty-nine surgically treated patients presenting with a DRHN fracture were classified using the Charalambous classification ...

Failure to achieve fascial closure after damage control laparotomy (DCL) is associated with increased morbidity and long-term disability. In addition, early closure is associated with reduces infectious, wound, and pulmonary complications. We hypothesized that hypertonic saline (HTS), which attenuates resuscitation-induced intestinal edema in animals, would improve early primary fascial closure ...

Chronic lateral epicondylitis remains a treatment challenge. Traditional surgical treatments for lateral epicondylitis involve variations of the classic Nirschl lateral release. Anatomic studies reveal that the posterior branch or branches of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the forearm consistently innervate the lateral humeral epicondyle. We undertook the present study to ...

As surgical patients pass through the perianesthesia continuum, the nurses they encounter rarely have time to develop a nurse-patient relationship, or identify patient needs and concerns and pass this information along to other providers. In the preprocedural period of the care continuum, however, patients and their families often express information ...

Patients can experience devastating injuries when an upper extremity travels out of a window during a motor vehicle collision. These injuries are typically very severe and may even result in loss of the affected limb. The purposes of this retrospective study were to determine the clinical fate of these extremities ...

To analyze the management of Seymour fractures (juxta-epiphyseal fractures of the terminal phalanx of the finger in conjunction with flexion deformity at the fracture site, laceration of the nail bed, and frequently ungual subluxation) and to determine clinical and radiographic results following operative or conservative treatment. Clinical and radiological results ...

A lack of standardized nursing procedures regarding the management of patients receiving preoperative regional anesthesia in the perianesthesia setting raises a number of issues for perianesthesia nurses. In January 2010, Duke University Hospital's perianesthesia care unit implemented a regional anesthesia "block nurse" team in the preoperative holding area as a ...

Certain types of hematological disorders show distinct bone lesions. Multiple myeloma and primary bone lymphoma develop in the bone marrow to often cause bone destruction. These tumors stimulate osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by enhancing RANKL expression, and suppress bone formation by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation, leading to bone destruction with rapid ...

Unplanned admissions for heart failure are common and some are considered preventable. Undertake a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of specialist clinics in reducing unplanned hospital admissions in people with heart failure. 18 databases were searched from inception to June 2010. Relevant websites and reference lists ...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a problem in trauma and emergency general surgery patients. Our hospital-acquired infection prevention committee approved the use of early nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (screening-BAL) in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) to identify ventilated patients with bronchiolar bacteria before 48 hours. We reviewed the results of this quality ...

Conversion of clopidogrel (Plavix) to its active metabolite is catalyzed largely by the P450 enzyme 2C19 (CYP2C19). Numerous allelic variants of CYP2C19 exist. The *1 allele is considered wild type, whereas the *2 and *3 alleles have no in vivo enzymatic activity. Conversely, the *17 allele has increased expression, resulting ...