Intracellular metabolites arise from the molecular integration of genomic and environmental factors that jointly determine metabolic activity. However, it is not clear how the interplay of genotype, nutrients, growth, and fluxes affect metabolite concentrations globally. Here we used quantitative metabolomics to assess the combined effect of environment and genotype on ...

Over the past decade, there has been an increased interest in understanding the operative indications and techniques in treating scapular fractures and tracking their outcomes. Multiple studies have documented poor functional outcomes following nonoperative management of displaced scapular fractures. There is a groundswell of recognition that severe deformity from scapular ...

Consistent daily rhythms are important to healthy aging according to studies linking disrupted circadian rhythms with negative health impacts. We studied the effects of age and exercise on baseline circadian rhythms and on the circadian system's ability to respond to the perturbation induced by an 8 h advance of the light:dark ...

In vitro studies demonstrate that oxacillin minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains USA300 and 400 decrease in the presence of cefoxitin. The aim of this study was to characterize the activity of cefoxitin plus β-lactams against a collection of MRSA isolates. We assessed the in vitro ...

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate how mechanical ventilation-dependent adults with neuromuscular disorders experience their occupational and social participation. Methods: Data were collected through two successive focus-group discussions with six men (aged 23-40 years) living in the same specialized nursing home in the Netherlands. Results: The ...

ABSTRACT The person-centered approach is increasingly recommended in long-term care facilities to increase quality of care. In Quebec, Canada,. caregivers were specifically trained in "relationship-based care. "This study analyzed caregivers' assessment of this approach's usefulness and their capacity, after training, to apply it to care practices. Questionnaires with open-ended questions ...

Abstract 1. A rasagiline transdermal patch was developed for the treatment of early and advanced Parkinson's disease. Relevant pharmacokinetic parameters of rasagiline obtained after transdermal administration to minipigs were compared with those of rasagiline after oral administration. 2. A total of 18 minipigs were randomly divided into three groups (six ...

Abstract In this study, in vitro inhibitory effects of some saccharin derivatives on purified carbonic anhydrase I and II were investigated using CO(2) as a substrate. The results showed that all compounds inhibited the hCA I and hCA II enzyme activities. Among the compounds, 6-(p-tolylthiourenyl) saccharin (6m) was found to ...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in adults and contributes directly to adverse clinical events, ranging from ischemic stroke to heart failure and cardiovascular death. Because the incidence of AF and its attendant complications increase with age, there is a strong and growing need to develop safe, effective ...

A new analytical protocol for the challenging analysis of total dissolved iron at the low picomolar level in oceanic waters suitable for onboard analysis is presented. The method is based on the revision of the adsorptive properties of the iron-2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) complexes on the Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode with catalytic ...

During the 1940s and 1950s, the Australian microbiologist F. Macfarlane Burnet sought a biologically plausible explanation of antibody production. In this essay, we seek to recover the conceptual pathways that Burnet followed in his immunological theorizing. In so doing, we emphasize the influence of speculations on individuality, especially those of ...

The present study examined the impact of breakfast and exercise on postprandial metabolism, appetite and macronutrient balance. A sample of twelve (blood variables n 11) physically active males completed four trials in a randomised, crossover design comprising a continued overnight fast followed by: (1) rest without breakfast (FR); (2) exercise ...

The queens of many eusocial insect species are polyandrous. The evolution of polyandry from ancestral monoandry is intriguing because polyandry undermines the kin-selected benefits of high intracolonial relatedness that are understood to have been central to the evolution of eusociality. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that polyandry evolved from ...

The tubulo-interstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome, first described in 1975, is a rare disease most probably of autoimmune origin that is characterized by unilateral or bilateral uveitis and tubulointerstitial nephritis. Most patients are adolescents and it is sometimes associated with other autoimmune diseases, such as spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and ...

Objective: Because palliative care in sub-Saharan Africa may not fit the style of delivery of palliative care in the global north, exploring the evidence can serve to reduce existing barriers and help streamline national policies that determine the optimal setting to implement formal palliative and end-of-life services. Method: A search ...

ABSTRACT High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediates inflammation. We investigated the role of serum HMGB1 in 54 patients with hematological malignancies with and without systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). There was no difference between group1 (complete remission of hematological disease: n = 13) and 2 (no remission:n = 16) ...

A standardized broth microdilution method was used to test the antifungal activity of geldanamycin (GA), an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), alone or in combination with the antifungal agent fluconazole (FLC) against 32 clinical isolates of Candida spp. In addition, a disk diffusion test was also used to ...

Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in its advanced stages. The telomerase/telomere interacting protein PinX1 contributes to telomere maintenance, tumorigenicity and influences the DNA damage agents-induced apoptotic response in telomerase-positive cancer cells. However, the clinical and biological significance of PinX1 in human ESCCs remains ...

The incidence of brain metastases (BM) has increased due to the improvement of therapeutics and diagnostic imaging, but also to an aging population. The initial symptoms may develop suddenly or insidiously over weeks or months. The symptoms depend on the location of the BM and related complications (hydrocephalus, tumor hemorrhage, ...

Current efforts to improve health care focus on hospital readmission rates as a marker of quality and on the effectiveness of transitions in care during the period after acute care is received. Emergency department (ED) visits are also a marker of hospital-based acute care following discharge but little is known ...

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are a major and increasing contributor to morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. Much of the chronic disease burden is preventable through modification of lifestyle behaviours, and increased attention is being focused on identifying and implementing effective preventative health strategies. Nutrition has been identified as ...

Pharmaceutical coating processes have generally been transformed from what was essentially an art form in the mid-twentieth century to a much more technology-driven process. AREAS COVERED: This review article provides a basic overview of current film coating processes, including a discussion on polymer selection, coating formulation additives and processing equipment. ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Smoking is common in people infected with HIV but cessation support is not a routine part of clinical care. The aim was to assess whether smoking is a risk factor for pneumonia in people with HIV and whether smoking cessation ameliorates excess risk. METHODS: We performed MEDLINE and ...

We report the synthesis, characterization, and protein sensing capabilities of M13 bacteriophage-DNA bioconjugates. DNA oligonucleotides were conjugated to M13 through acyl hydrazone linkages. In one case, DNAzymes retained their catalytic ability when anchored to the virus coat, and in a separate study, the dynamic nature of the hydrazone allowed for ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Cadmium(Cd), a heavy metal, which has a potent harmful effects, is a highly stress-inducible material that is robustly expressed following disruption of homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (so-called ER stress). The mechanism Cd induced cell death of neuroblastoma cells complex, involving cellular signaling pathways as yet incompletely ...

OBJECTIVERecent study has suggested that not only the presence of hypertension but also the variability in systolic blood pressure (SBP) are risk factors for vascular disease and organ damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between visit-to-visit variability in SBP and change in urinary albumin excretion ...

In photovoltaic devices, light harvesting (LH) and carrier collection have opposite relations with the thickness of the photoactive layer, which imposes a fundamental compromise for the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Unbalanced LH at different wavelengths further reduces the achievable PCE. Here, we report a novel approach to broadband balanced LH ...

Three different types of atom accessibility descriptors are investigated in relation to site of metabolism predictions. To enable the integration of local accessibility we have constructed 2DSASA, a method for the calculation of the atomic solvent accessible surface area that is independent of 3D coordinates. The method was implemented in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Cameroon, in west central Africa, has an extraordinary degree of HIV diversity, presenting a major challenge for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. Given the continuing need to closely monitor the emergence of new HIV variants in the country, we analyzed HIV-1 genetic diversity in 59 plasma ...

Kernel machines traditionally arise from an elegant formulation based on measuring the smoothness of the admissible solutions by the norm in the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) generated by the chosen kernel. It was pointed out that they can be formulated in a related functional framework, in which the Green's ...

Single molecule magnets may be considered for the construction of future integrated nanodevices, provided however that some degree of ordering is imparted to these molecules (e.g. long-range nano-structuration on surfaces). Combining such magnetic nanometric objects with liquid-crystalline orderings to control their assembly and to potentially address them individually therefore appears ...

Improvements in quality of life and life expectancy have been observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients transplanted with CD133(+) stem cells into their frontal motor cortices. However, questions have emerged about the capacity of cells from these patients to engraft and differentiate into neurons. The objective of this work ...

We have recently shown that the in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was accompanied by an increased sensitivity toward apoptosis; however, the mechanism responsible for this shift is not known. Here, we show that the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) was more rapid in undifferentiated hMSCs ...

Superionic materials are multi-component solids with simultaneous characteristics of both a solid and a liquid. Above a critical temperature associated with a structural phase transition, they exhibit liquid-like ionic conductivities and dynamic disorder within a rigid crystalline structure. Broad applications as electrochemical storage materials and resistive switching devices follow from ...

In the past few years, mathematical modeling approaches in biology have begun to fulfill their promise by assisting in the dissection of complex biological systems. Here, we review two recent examples of predictive mathematical modeling in plant biology. The first involves the quantitative epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor gene ...

Photosynthesis uses chlorophylls for the conversion of light into chemical energy, the driving force of life on Earth. During chlorophyll biosynthesis in photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria, green algae and gymnosperms, dark-operative protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (DPOR), a nitrogenase-like metalloenzyme, catalyzes the chemically challenging two-electron reduction of the fully conjugated ring system of protochlorophyllide ...

Multidrug transporters belonging to the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family expel dissimilar lipophilic and cationic drugs across cell membranes by dissipating a preexisting Na(+) or H(+) gradient. Despite its clinical relevance, the transport mechanism of MATE proteins remains poorly understood, largely owing to a lack of structural information ...

AIMS: Na(+) channel blockers are often used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF), but may sometimes cause ventricular contractile dysfunction. However, amiodarone, a multi-channel blocker with Na(+) channel block, causes less contractile dysfunction. In this study we tested the hypothesis that Na(+) channel block by amiodarone is selective in atrial myocytes ...

Centro-symmetric dinuclear complexes of formula [Ln(tta)(3)(L)](2)·xCH(2)Cl(2), (tta(-) = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate anion, x = 0.5 for Ln = Eu (1a), Tb (3), and Dy (4) and x = 0 for Ln = Eu (1b) and Nd (2)) have been synthesized using the tetrathiafulvalene-3-pyridine-N-oxide as a bridging ligand (L). X-ray structures have shown ...

Human blood DCs encompass pDCs and two subsets of mDCs: CD1c(+) mDCs and CD141(+) mDCs. The rare CD141(+) DC population is thought to be the equivalent of mouse CD8α(+) cDCs that play a significant role in antigen cross-presentation. Here, we analyzed by Q-PCR TLR1-10 expression in blood DC subsets. Whereas ...

Developmental delay and brain anomalies leading to significant morbidity and mortality are frequently caused by chromosomal rearrangements. We report on a familial unbalanced translocation resulting in distal monosomy 5p15.3-pter with trisomy 12q24.2-qter in 2 half siblings with cerebral dysgenesis, severe intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, progressive weakness, and atrophy of muscles.

Portable devices with advantages of rapid, on-site, user-friendly and cost-effective assessment are widely applied in our daily life. However, only a limited number of quantitative portable devices are commercially available, among which personal glucose meter (PGM) is the most successful example and has been the most widely used. However, PGM ...

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder resulting from the defective activity of branched-chain 2-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Routine screening of newborn with tandem mass spectroscopy on the third day of life may detect elevated branched-chain amino acids in blood before the appearance of encephalopathic symptoms in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Indirect herd effect from vaccination of children offers potential for improving the effectiveness of influenza prevention in the remaining unvaccinated population. Static models used in cost-effectiveness analyses cannot dynamically capture herd effects. The objective of this study was to develop a methodology to allow herd effect associated with ...

Objectives.Global perceptions of stress (GPS) have major implications for mental and physical health, and stress in midlife may influence adaptation in later life. Thus, it is important to determine the unique and interactive effects of diverse influences of role stress (at work or in personal relationships), loneliness, life events, time ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating the association between alcohol intake and ovarian carcinoma (OC) are inconsistent. Because OC and ovarian borderline tumor histologic types differ genetically, molecularly and clinically, large numbers are needed to estimate risk associations. METHODS: We pooled data from 12 case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium ...

BACKGROUND: PARAVALVULAR REGURGITATION (PVR) IS COMMON AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (TAVR) AND MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE OUTCOMES. POSTDILATATION (PD) HAS BEEN PROPOSED TO TREAT PVR WITHOUT BEING FORMALLY STUDIED. WE PERFORMED A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PD AFTER BALLOON EXPANDABLE TAVR.METHODS AND RESULTS: CONSECUTIVE ...

Advances in genome sequencing have progressed at a rapid pace, with increased throughput accompanied by plunging costs. But these advances go far beyond faster and cheaper. High-throughput sequencing technologies are now routinely being applied to a wide range of important topics in biology and medicine, often allowing researchers to address ...

Introduction: Educational activities should be developed to teach residents how to constructively interact with pharmaceutical representatives and how to critically assess the provided information.Methods: An educational study was implemented during the 2010-2011 academic year in an internal medicine residency program. The study included an initial educational session on physician-industry relations ...

The hepatic bile acid uptake transporter Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide (NTCP) is less well characterized than its ileal paralog, the Apical Sodium Dependent Bile Acid Transporter (ASBT), in terms of drug inhibition requirements. The objectives of this study were a) to identify FDA approved drugs that inhibit human NTCP, b) ...