Abstract Background: Treatment of photoaging includes non-prescription cosmeceuticals and prescription products, retinoids. Isotretinoin, an established anti-acne retinoid, is also reported to delay the aging process. However, the drug is reported to be an irritant on skin. Purpose: The present study endeavors to explore the potential of a novel set of ...

Background:Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are evolutionarily related anorectic hormones. Glucagon also increases energy expenditure. The combination of glucagon and GLP-1 could cause weight loss through a simultaneous reduction in food intake and increased energy expenditure. However, the effect of combined administration of glucagon and GLP-1 on food intake and ...

Abstract Purpose: To develop reliable coding for five treatment ingredients hypothesized to be "active" in a scheduled telephone intervention (STI) for traumatic brain injury (TBI); to examine factors associated with delivery of ingredients over the first year post-injury. Method: Operational definitions of directive and non-directive action planning; TBI education; reinforcement; ...

A film electrode with electropolymerization of pyrrole (Py) and para-toluene sulfonate (pTS) as a anionic dopant is prepared and its sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide is investigated. The polypyrrole is deposited on a 0.5 cm(2) Pt plate an electrochemically prepared pTS ion-doped polypyrrole film by scanning the electrode potential between - ...

OBJECTIVES:Only 40% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are diagnosed at an early stage, suggesting breakdowns in the surveillance process. The aim of our study was to assess the reasons behind surveillance process failures among patients in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment against Cirrhosis Trial (HALT-C), which prospectively collected ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: A considerable proportion of IgAN patients present with histological vasculitic/crescentic lesions in glomeruli, indicating activation of vascular inflammation. Using sVCAM-1, a well-proven marker for endothelial injury under inflammatory processes, we investigated vascular injury and its association with clinical and pathological manifestations in IgAN patients. METHODS: In this study, ...

There are growing data and a continuing controversy over the effect of folic acid supplementation on cancer risk. We conducted a meta-analysis based on up-to-date published relevant randomized trials to further examine this issue. Relative risk (RR) was used to measure the effect of folic acid supplementation on risk of ...

Height is a classic polygenic quantitative trait with a high level of heritability. As it is a simple and stable parameter to measure, height is a model for both common, complex disorders and monogenic, Mendelian disease. In this Review, we examine height from the perspective of monogenic and complex genetics ...

Background. In lung cancer radiotherapy, planning on the midventilation (MidV) bin of a four-dimensional (4D) CT scan can reduce the systematic errors introduced by respiratory tumour motion compared to conventional CT. In this study four different methods for MidV bin selection are evaluated. Material and methods. The study is based ...

Pichia yeasts have been recognized as important microbial cell factories in the biotechnological industry. Notably, the Pichia pastoris and Pichia stipitis species have attracted much research interest due to their unique cellular physiology and metabolic capability: P. pastoris has the ability to utilize methanol for cell growth and recombinant protein ...

We examined inferential reasoning by exclusion in the Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) using two-way object-choice procedures. While other social scatter-hoarding corvids appear capable of engaging in inferential reasoning, it remains unclear if the relatively less social nutcracker is able to do so. In an initial experiment, food was hidden in ...

The pure motor peripheral nerves animal model, obtained by ablating the dorsal root ganglions (DRGs), was used to investigate the accuracy of peripheral nerve selective regeneration using small gap sleeve bridging compared to epineurium neurorrhaphy. The results showed that the number of improperly regenerated motor axons in the distal stump ...

Aging is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is associated with cognitive decline. However, underlying molecular mechanisms of brain aging are not clear. Recent studies suggest epigenetic influences on gene expression in AD, since DNA methylation levels influence protein and mRNA expression in postmortem AD brain. We hypothesized ...

Although recent clinical trials have demonstrated the increasing promise of gene therapy, they have also illustrated the difficulties of assessing risks, given the inherent uncertainty of trial outcomes. An international survey was conducted to investigate gene therapy researchers' perceptions and assessments of risks in clinical trials. Data from respondents (n ...

Detection elements play a key role in analyte recognition in biosensors. Therefore, detection elements with high analyte specificity and binding strength are required. While antibodies (Abs) have been increasingly used as detection elements in biosensors, a key challenge remains - the immobilization on the biosensor surface. This minireview highlights recent ...

PURPOSE: The main goal of this study was to compare the results of the GNRB(®) arthrometer to those of Telos™ in the diagnosis of partial thickness tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). METHODS: A prospective study performed January-December 2011 included all patients presenting with a partial or full-thickness ACL ...

We report on the transport properties of ABC and ABA stacked trilayer graphene using dual, locally gated field effect devices. The high efficiency and large breakdown voltage of the HfO(2) top and bottom gates enables independent tuning of the perpendicular electric field and the Fermi level over an unprecedentedly large ...

Delayed, or type IV, hypersensitivity reactions are a useful model to study the effects of new substances on the immune system. In this study, the experimental model of the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction to ovalbumin (OVA) was used to evaluate the immunomodulating effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), which ...

A Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain E20121, was isolated from the digestive tract of a Japanese prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus) collected from the coastal sea water area of Zhuhai, Guangdong province, China. The new isolate was determined to be closely related to Vibrio ponticus DSM 16217(T), having 97.6 % 16S ...

Medical education has had a long history. Much of that history can be captured in quotations from the many people who have made medical education what it is today. Even though newcomers to the field often see and approach problems as if they were the first to discover them, examining ...

Navigated posterior cervical microforaminotomy (PCM) is a promising minimally invasive technique for treating radiculopathy caused by lateral disc herniations and foraminal stenosis. Between December 2009 and October 2010, 14 patients with unilateral foraminal disc herniations or foraminal stenosis at the C6-7 or C7-T1 level underwent PCM assisted by O-arm navigation ...

Multisubunit protein complexes are assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Existing pools of single subunits and assembly intermediates ensure the efficient and rapid formation of complete complexes. While being kinetically beneficial, surplus components must be eliminated to prevent potentially harmful accumulation in the ER. Surplus single chains are cleared by ...

BACKGROUND: Exertional heat stroke (EHS) results in a constellation of systemic inflammatory responses resulting in multiorgan failure and an extremely high mortality. CASE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTS: We present the case of an 11-year-old obese male who suffered EHS with rhabdomyolysis and concurrent renal, pulmonary, and hepatic failure. Conventional therapies including ...

BACKGROUND: Plastic surgery after massive weight loss remains a fast growing subspecialty. However, very few studies exist that investigate the quality of life and psychological outcome after body lift surgery. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients (25 females and 2 males) who had undergone bariatric surgery were scheduled for circumferential body lifting of ...

The development of agricultural activities coincides with the increased use of pesticides to control pests, which can also be harmful to nontarget insects such as bees. Thus, the goal of this work was assess the toxic effects of thiamethoxam on newly emerged worker bees of Apis mellifera (africanized honeybee-AHB). Initially, ...

Abstract Background: Palliative care clinical and educational programs are expanding to meet the needs of seriously ill patients and their families. Multiple reports call for an enhanced palliative care evidence base. Objective: To examine current National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding of palliative medicine research and changes since our 2008 ...

The liver is known to be involved in the natural history of the ongoing epidemics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In particular, the liver has a role in increased glucose production and dysregulated lipoprotein metabolism, conditions that are often found in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new combination antiemetic therapy comprising aprepitant, granisetron, and dexamethasone in gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with cisplatin and S-1. METHODS: Gastric cancer patients scheduled to receive their first course of chemotherapy with cisplatin (60 mg/m(2)) and S-1 (80 mg/m(2)) were treated with a ...

Rarely reported low-cost molybdenum boride and carbide microparticles, both of which are available in abundant quantities due to their widespread use in industry, adsorb at aqueous acid-1,2-dichloroethane interfaces and efficiently catalyse the hydrogen evolution reaction in the presence of the organic electron donor - decamethylferrocene. Kinetic studies monitoring biphasic reactions ...

COOK C. Nursing Inquiry 2013 The sexual health consultation as a moral occasion Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are socially constructed as more 'dirty' than other gynaecological conditions. This article analyses women's accounts of interactions with clinicians, subsequent to a diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus or human papilloma virus. Women ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate ozone, variations, and its correlation with meteorological parameters at a remote location on the Mali Lošinj Island, which has been a tourist and health resort area in the northern Adriatic. The measured data are discussed in relation to the EU guidelines (Directive ...

In this study, the major ginsenoside Rb1 was transformed into the more pharmacologically active minor compound K by food grade Lactobacillus paralimentarius LH4, which was isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The enzymatic reaction was analyzed by TLC, HPLC, and NMR. Using the cell-free enzyme of Lactobacillus paralimentarius ...

I read with interest the Teaching NeuroImage regarding the differential diagnosis of scapular winging.(1) Although neurology literature mentions that weakness of the rhomboids may cause winging,(2,3) this is likely erroneous. The rhomboids originate from C7 to D5 spinous processes and insert into the medial border of the scapula.(4) Since the ...

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays pivotal roles in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis, and its deregulation leads to numerous human disorders including cancer. Binding of Hh to Patched (Ptc), a twelve-transmembrane protein, alleviates its inhibition of Smoothened (Smo), a seven-transmembrane protein related to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), leading to Smo phosphorylation ...

Abstract Purpose: This review sought to answer the question "what is known about people's experiences of living with MND?". Methods: The review followed the guidelines of the Centre of Reviews and Dissemination. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria and their results were analysed thematically. Data were managed and coded using ...

The non-metabolizable fluorescent glucose analogue 6-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose (6-NBDG) is increasingly used to study cellular transport of glucose. Intracellular accumulation of exogenously applied 6-NBDG is assumed to reflect concurrent gradient-driven glucose uptake by glucose transporters (GLUTs). Here theoretical considerations are provided that put this assumption into question. In particular, depending on the ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: As dose-escalation in prostate cancer radiotherapy improves cure rates, a major concern is rectal toxicity. We prospectively assessed an innovative approach of hydrogel injection between prostate and rectum to reduce the radiation dose to the rectum and thus side effects in dose-escalated prostate radiotherapy. METHODS: Acute toxicity and ...

Adult stem cells from the dermis would be an attractive cell source for therapeutic purposes as well as studying the process of skin aging. Several studies have reported that human dermal stem/progenitor cells (hDSPCs) with multipotent properties exist within the dermis of adult human skin. However, these cells have not ...

The molecular mechanisms regulating tissue size represent an unsolved puzzle in developmental biology. One signalling pathway controlling growth of the Drosophila wing is Dpp. Dpp promotes growth by repression of the transcription factor Brk. The transcriptional targets of Brk that control cell growth and proliferation, however, are not yet fully ...

The goals of this research were (1) to compare bilingual and monolingual children on Korean non-word repetition performance, and (2) to examine the relations between non-word repetition and vocabulary skills in bilingual and monolingual children. Sixty children aged from 3-5 years participated in this study, including 30 Korean-English bilinguals and ...

Although it is speculated that impairments associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will adversely affect driving performance, little is known about the actual extent and nature of the presumed deficits. Ten males (18-24 years of age) with a diagnosis of high functioning autism and 10 age matched community controls were recruited ...

Enzymatic degradation of polyester films by a cutinase-like enzyme from Pseudozyma antarctica JCM10317 (PaE) was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The adsorption of PaE and the degradation rate for polyester films were quantitatively monitored by a positive and negative SPR signal shifts, respectively. The decrease in SPR signal and ...

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common vascular tumor of infancy. Although benign, infants with IH can experience complications including ulceration, visual and airway impairment, and residual scarring and disfigurement. It is often challenging for clinicians to predict which tumors are in need of systemic treatment. However, data from various demographic ...

This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract (EESAl), fractions and the compound 8-methoxylapachenol (8ML) obtained from the tubers of Sinningia allagophylla. Male Swiss mice were treated with EESAl (3-300 mg/kg) or vehicle by oral route (p.o.) 1 hr before the injection of formalin 2.5% or ...

In this review, we have highlighted the adverse drug reaction mediated by transporters from two aspects: (1) competitive interactions between drug and drug/metabolite/endogenous substance mediated by transporters; (2) the expression/function change of transporter due to physiologic factors, disease, and drugs induction. It indicated that transporters exhibited a broad substrate specificity ...

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis patients who discontinue using natalizumab are at risk of a rebound in disease activity. However, the optimal alternative therapy is not currently known. AIMS OF THE STUDY: We report on clinical and MRI data and patient safety in a group of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients who tested ...

A novel aldo-keto reductase gene, Tm1743, from Thermotoga maritima was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The enzyme displayed the highest activity at 90 °C and at pH 9. It retained 63 % of its activity after 15 h at 85 °C. The enzyme also could tolerate (up to 10 % v/v) acetonitrile, ethanol and 2-propanol with ...

Abstract Plastics continue to benefit society in innumerable ways, even though recent public focus on plastics has centered mostly on human health and environmental concerns, including their endocrine-disrupting properties and the long-term pollution they represent. The benefits of plastics are particularly apparent in medicine and public health. Plastics are versatile, ...

REM behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by REM sleep without atonia, leading to abnormal and potentially injurious behavior during REM sleep. It is considered one of the most specific predictors of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. In this paper, we provide an overview of animal models contributing ...

Alterations in gut motility and visceral hypersensitivity are two major features of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the pathogenesis of experimental IBS. Rat models of constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) and diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) were established. Fecal water ...