We sought to develop and validate a simple clinical prediction rule for death and severe disability after acute ischemic stroke that can be used by general clinicians at the time of hospital admission. We analyzed data from a registry of 9847 patients (4943 in the derivation cohort and 4904 in ...

A number of surgical techniques have been reported for dissection and ligation of patent ductus arteriosi (PDAs) in dogs. The objectives of this study were to provide a detailed description of an intrapericardial technique for PDA dissection and ligation and to report the clinical outcome of that technique in dogs. ...

Abstract Dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria are able to enzymatically reduce ferric iron and couple to the oxidation of organic carbon. This mechanism induces the mineralization of fine magnetite crystals characterized by a wide distribution in size and irregular morphologies that are indistinguishable from authigenic magnetite. Thermoanaerobacter are thermophilic iron-reducing bacteria that ...

BACKGROUND: The UK Biobank (UKB) is a national epidemiological study of the health of 500 000 people, aged 40-69 years, who completed health-related tests and a questionnaire and gave samples of blood and urine. Salivas collected from 120 000 of these subjects were transported at 4°C and were placed in ...

Two new and phylogenetically closely related species in Aspergillus section Fumigati are described and illustrated. Homothallic A. waksmanii was isolated from New Jersey soil (USA) and is represented by the ex-type isolate NRRL 179T (=CCF 4266T=IBT 31900T). Aspergillus marvanovae was isolated from water with high boracic acid anions content in ...

The development of percutaneous valve replacement has broadened the procedural interface between interventional cardiologists and their cardiothoracic surgical colleagues. Our relationship is no longer restricted to the arena of coronary artery disease, and opportunities now exist to share the care of large numbers of high surgical risk patients with severe ...

We investigate thermally driven electronic transport through a quantum dot (QD) coupled to two ferromagnetic leads and one normal-metallic lead. The effect of spin accumulation and temperature bias on the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) is examined. We obtain a nonlocal negative TMR, which also exhibits a rectification effect as a function ...

BACKGROUND: The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has positive effects on the processing of emotional stimuli such as facial expressions. To date, research has focused primarily on conditions of overt visual attention. Method We investigated whether a single intranasal dose of OT (24 IU) would modulate the allocation of attentional resources towards positive ...

Go for the gold! Incorporating a borate anion into the backbone of a triphosphenium cation produces a unique zwitterionic phosphanide that can coordinate to one or two {AuCl} fragments depending on the steric bulk of the ligand (see picture; Au yellow, P purple, Cl green). Computational investigations show that in ...

Bilateral lung transplantation remains a treatment for end-stage cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease when there is no further medical or surgical treatment available. The aim of lung transplantation is to improve patient life expectancy. The consensus view that lung transplantation extends life in children has been challenged. However, challengers have ...

The first highly enantioselective desymmetrization of aziridines with phosphites has been developed. Excellent yields and enantioselectivities were observed for the reaction with various aziridines using a new class of readily accessible chiral catalysts derived from 9-amino-9-deoxy-epi-cinchona alkaloids. In studies probing the reaction mechanism, we observed some complexes for the cinchona ...

No universally accepted method of flap monitoring exists, and several techniques are in use. Repeated physical examination is most popular and is often supplemented with a handheld, external Doppler, and/or implantable Doppler probes; near-infrared spectroscopy is less commonly used. We investigated the nursing and resident house staff's experience and confidence ...

This commentary discusses important new study entitled "ONO-2506 inhibits spike-wave discharges in a genetic animal model without affecting traditional convulsive tests via gliotransmission regulation" by Yamamura et al. from Dr. Okada's laboratory. This evidence open a perspective to develop specific astrocyte modulating approaches for managing non-convulsive form of epilepsy. In ...

This review provides a critical update on human and animal studies investigating the effect of alginate supplementation on appetite regulation, glycaemic and insulinemic responses, and lipid metabolism with discussion of the evidence on potential mechanisms, efficacy and tolerability. Dependent on vehicle applied for alginate supplementation, the majority of animal and ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Sexual acquisition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through mucosal transmission may be prevented by using topically applied agents that block HIV transmission from one individual to another. Therefore, virucidal agents that inactivate HIV virions may be used as a component in topical microbicides. RESULTS: Here, we have ...

Understanding the role played by external factors on the organization of molecules has the potential to contribute greatly to fundamental research and applications of fields as diverse as nanotechnology, medicine, material chemistry, etc. Countless studies involve the organization of small organic molecules in environments rich in ionic species, yet their ...

BACKGROUND: The increasing frequency of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis represents a concern for the safety of the US blood supply. The agent responsible for the disease, the intraerythrocytic parasite Babesia microti, is naturally transmitted to humans by a tick bite and is endemic in areas of the Northeast and Upper Midwest United ...

Near-field optical techniques have enabled trapping, transport, and handling of nanoscopic materials much smaller than what can be manipulated with traditional optical tweezers. Here we extend the scope of what is possible by demonstrating angular orientation and rotational control of both biological and non-biological nanoscale rods using photonic crystal nanotweezers. ...

The retromer complex is a vital element of the endosomal protein sorting machinery that is conserved across all eukaryotes. Retromer is most closely associated with the endosome-to-Golgi retrieval pathway and is necessary to maintain an active pool of hydrolase receptors in the trans-Golgi network. Recent progress in studies of retromer ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Helical Tomotherapy (HT) has unique capacities for the radiotherapy of large and complicated target volumes. Next generation Dynamic Jaw/Dynamic Couch HT delivery promises faster treatments and reduced exposure of organs at risk due to a reduced dose penumbra. METHODS: Three challenging clinical situations were chosen for comparison between ...

In spite of the difficulties to deliver PUFAs to ruminants, studies have generally indicated that the PUFA of the omega-6 (linoleic acid) and omega-3 [a-linolenic acid; eicosapentaenoic (EPA), C20:5 omega-3; docosahexaenoic (DHA), C22:6 omega-3] families are the most beneficial to improving reproduction in cows. The objectives were to determine if ...

This work examines the effect of small input perturbations on binding energies computed from differences between energy minimized structures, such as the Prime MM-GBSA and MOE MM-GB/VI methods. The applied perturbations include translations of the cognate ligand in the binding site by a maximum of 0.1Å along each coordinate, or ...

Understanding how urinary tract infections (UTIs) can occur and how to classify them can help the practitioner to make a plan for treatment. This review summarizes the etiology, pathogenesis, and host defense mechanisms associated with bacterial UTIs in dogs and cats. UTIs in Small Animal Patients: Part 2: Diagnosis, Treatment, ...

Gene expression is one of the main molecular processes regulating the differentiation, development, and functioning of cells and tissues. In this review a handful of relevant terms and concepts are introduced and the most common techniques used in studies of gene expression/expression profiling (also referred to as studies of the ...

BACKGROUND: HIV cohort collaborations, which pool data from diverse patient cohorts, have provided key insights into outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the extent of, and reasons for, between-cohort heterogeneity in rates of AIDS and mortality are unclear. METHODS: We obtained data on adult HIV-positive patients who started ART from ...

La-related proteins (LARPs) are largely uncharacterized factors, well conserved throughout evolution. Recent reports on the function of human LARP4 and LARP6 suggest that these proteins fulfill key functions in mRNA metabolism and/or translation. We report here a detailed evolutionary history of the LARP4 and 6 families in eukaryotes. Genes coding ...

PURPOSE: Endoglin (ENG, CD105) is a membranous protein overexpressed in tumor-associated endothelial cells, chemoresistant populations of ovarian cancer cells, and potentially stem cells. Our objective was to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of targeting endoglin in ovarian cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Global and membranous endoglin expression was evaluated in multiple ovarian ...

OBJECTIVE:To determine if injury rates differ among high school field hockey players in states that mandated protective eyewear (MPE) versus states with no protective eyewear mandate (no MPE).METHODS:We analyzed field hockey exposure and injury data collected over the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 scholastic seasons from national and regional databases.RESULTS:Incidence of all ...

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the null hypothesis that fluoride intake via drinking water has no effect on orthodontic root resorption in humans after orthodontic force application for 4 weeks and 12 weeks of retention. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight patients who required maxillary premolar extractions as part of their orthodontic treatment were selected ...

The etiology of postconcussive symptoms is not clearly understood. Development of etiological models of those symptoms will be helpful for accurate diagnosis and for planning effective treatment. Such a model should characterize the role of subject characteristics (education, premorbid intelligence), social psychological factors and symptom validity. Toward that end, the ...

Abstract Background: The traditional Chinese medical literature provides a substantial resource for natural products research. When undertaking systematic searches, investigators need to assess the scope, content, and relevance of collections both singly and in comparison. Objectives: This study examines eight collections of pre-modern literature, develops an approach to quantitatively assess ...

Spinel-structured lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) cathodes have been successfully commercialized for various lithium battery applications and are among the strongest candidates for emerging large-scale applications. Despite its various advantages including high power capability, however, LiMn2O4 chronically suffers from limited cycle life, originating from well-known Mn dissolution. An ironical feature with ...

This study describes the pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulphonate and colistin in five intensive care unit patients receiving continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration. For CMS, the mean C(max) after fourth dose was 6.92 mg/L and total CL 8.23 L/h. For colistin, the mean concentration was 0.92 mg/L and CL/fm 18.91 L/h. Colistin concentrations ...

2-Pyridylmethyl ether-directed ortho-C-H olefination of phenols via a seven-membered cyclopalladated intermediate has been disclosed to construct a variety of ortho-alkenyl phenols and ortho-alkyl phenols.

One of the greatest challenges we face in the twenty-first century is to sustainably feed nine to ten billion people by 2050 while at the same time reducing environmental impact (e.g. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, biodiversity loss, land use change and loss of ecosystem services). To this end, food security ...

Two experiments were conducted with the aim of studying how dietary fat source, reproductive stage (Exp. 1), and diurnal variation (Exp. 2) affect plasma ketone bodies in sows. In Exp. 1, 40 second-parity sows were fed 1 of 5 lactation diets from 7 d pre-partum until 28 d postpartum with ...

Representative tumor suppressor p53 plays a critical role in the regulation of proper DNA damage response. In this study, we have found for the first time that Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) contributes to p53-dependent DNA damage response. Upon adriamycin (ADR) exposure, p53 as well as RUNX1 were strongly induced ...

There have been over twenty prospective, randomized trials of the use of probiotics to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature babies. A Cochrane meta-analysis of 16 of the studies by Khalid Al Faleh and colleagues, enrolling 2842 preterm infants, reported that "enteral probiotics supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of severe ...

IL-1 drives T-helper responses, particularly Th17, in host defense. Sharing the same co-receptor, the IL-1 family member IL-36 exhibits properties similar to those of IL-1. In the present study, we investigated the role of IL-36 in Aspergillus fumigatus-induced human T-helper cell responses. We observed that different morphological forms of A. ...

Electrochemical supercapacitors have drawn much attention because of their high power and reasonably high energy densities. However, their performances still do not reach the demand of energy storage. In this paper β-cobalt sulfide nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed on a highly conductive graphene (CS-G) nanocomposite, which was confirmed by transmission electron ...

Allergic reactions to food can significantly reduce the quality of life and even result in life-threatening complications. In addition, the prevalence of food allergy has increased in the last decades in industrialized countries and the mechanisms underlying (increased) sensitization are still not fully understood. It is believed that the development ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: To study and update the provincial incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), a province of Canada with a very high incidence previously reported in 2006, and one of the highest incidences reported worldwide. This is a retrospective time trend study of the ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The symbiosis between reef-building corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium) is an integral part of the coral reef ecosystem, as corals are dependent on Symbiodinium for the majority of their energy needs. However, this partnership is increasingly at risk due to changing climatic conditions. It is thought that functional ...

To determine prevalence and factors associated with strictly enforced smoke-free car policies among smoking parents. As part of a cluster, randomized controlled trial addressing parental smoking, exit interviews were conducted with parents whose children were seen in 10 control pediatric practices. Parents who smoked were asked about smoking behaviors in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The sequencing of the genome of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum revealed an unusual expansion of the miRNA machinery, with two argonaute-1, two dicer-1 and four pasha gene copies. In this report, we have undertaken a deeper evolutionary analysis of the phylogenetic timing of these gene duplications and ...

The objective of this paper is to compare concentrations of alcohol, illicit, and medicinal drugs in seriously injured drivers and drivers selected randomly at the roadside. Blood samples were analyzed for alcohol, 17 medicinal drugs and 8 illicit psychoactive substances and/or their metabolites by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ...

We report unprecedented dramatic changes in the 647.1 nm Raman signal of PbZr(0.6)Ti(0.4)O(3) occurring in the same pressure ranges as the critical pressures of the antiferrodistortive and ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transitions. This huge decrease in intensity of both the Raman modes and the background, observed for both pressure transmitting media used ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Overactive bladder (OAB) is often associated with abnormally increased detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) contractions. We used NS309, a selective and potent opener of the small or intermediate conductance Ca(2+) -activated K(+) (SK or IK, respectively) channels, to evaluate how SK/IK channel activation modulates DSM function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: ...

Chemically defined substrates, which rigorously control protein-surface and cell-surface interactions, can be used to probe the effects of specific biomolecules on cell behavior. Here we combined a chemically-defined, array-based format with automated, time-lapse microscopy to efficiently screen cell-substrate interactions. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates bearing oligo(ethylene glycol) units and reactive ...

Oat protein was purified from oat meal and its effects on swimming performance and related biochemical parameters were investigated. Thirty male Kun-ming mice were divided into the normal control, the oat meal and the oat protein group (n = 10). They were fed with a laboratory food for 30 days, ...