An efficient route to 4-aryl-2-naphthols from arynes and aroylacetones was developed by carbon-carbon bond insertion followed by an intramolecular aldol reaction and dehydration. Benzyne derived from 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate reacted with benzoylacetones in refluxing acetonitrile to give 4-aryl-2-naphthols and 3-aryl-1-naphthols.

This article reviews vestibular pathology and the requirements and progress made in the design and construction of a vestibular prosthesis. Bilateral loss of vestibular sensation is disabling. When vestibular hair cells are injured by ototoxic medications or other insults to the labyrinth, the resulting loss of sensory input disrupts vestibulo-ocular ...

Graphene is nature's thinnest elastic membrane, and its morphology has important impacts on its electrical, mechanical and electromechanical properties. Here we report manipulation of the morphology of suspended graphene via electrostatic and thermal control. By measuring the out-of-plane deflection as function of applied gate voltage and number of layers, we ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the benefit of increased follow-up and treatment with ranibizumab between months 24 and 36 in the Ranibizumab for Edema of the Macula in Diabetes (READ-2) Study. DESIGN Prospective, interventional, multicenter follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. METHODS Patients who agreed to participate between months 24 and 36 ...

BACKGROUND: The conventional escalation regimen for sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis has been proven to be safe and successful in reducing allergic symptoms. However, few studies compared the efficacy and safety between a conventional escalation regimen for SLIT and once-daily SLIT. The aim of the present study ...

Host-cell factor 1 (HCF-1) is an unusual transcriptional regulator that undergoes a process of proteolytic maturation to generate N- (HCF-1(N)) and C- (HCF-1(C)) terminal subunits noncovalently associated via self-association sequence elements. Here, we present the crystal structure of the self-association sequence 1 (SAS1) including the adjacent C-terminal HCF-1 nuclear localization ...

The interconversion of atmospheric organic particles among solid, semisolid, and liquid phases is of keen current scientific interest, especially for particles of secondary organic material (SOM). Herein, the influence of phase on ammonia uptake and subsequent particle-phase reactions was investigated for aerosol particles of adipic acid and α-pinene ozonolysis SOM. ...

Background.  Safety concerns associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have prompted the development of new formulations that minimize adverse events (AEs) and maintain efficacy. Objectives.  To determine the analgesic efficacy and safety of an investigational, proprietary, nano-formulated, oral diclofenac (nano-formulated diclofenac) compared with placebo in subjects with acute dental pain. ...

OBJECTIVE.: To investigate the sensitivity for detecting subclinical synovitis of different reduced joint ultrasound (US) assessment models as compared with a comprehensive US assessment in RA patients in clinical remission. METHODS.: Sixty-seven RA patients (50 women, 17 men) in clinical remission judged by their consultant rheumatologist, treated with methotrexate were ...

PURPOSESome postmenopausal patients with hormone-sensitive early breast cancer remain at high risk of relapse despite endocrine therapy and, in addition, might benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. The challenge is to prospectively identify such patients. The Mammostrat test uses five immunohistochemical markers to stratify patients regarding recurrence risk and may inform treatment ...

A clear clinical management pathway (conventional in vitro fertilization, IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection, ICSI) for treating patients with teratozoospermia is lacking. Here we conducted a retrospective study of fertility indices in 2,178 IVF/ICSI cycles in order to reevaluate clinical management of couples with isolated teratozoospermia (< 4% morphologically normal ...

The vast literature concerning caffeic acid and its derivatives lacks any reference to the solid state structures of its inorganic salts as these crystals are quite difficult grow. Most of the already published works deal with computational studies of these compounds as well as investigations of their behaviour in solution. ...

A Saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase mutant, ERG7(T384Y/Q450H/V454I), produced parkeol but not lanosterol as the sole end product. Parkeol undergoes downstream metabolism to generate compounds 9 and 10. In vitro incubation of parkeol produced a product profile similar to that of the in vivo experiment. In summary, parkeol undergoes a metabolic ...

Reproduction in social organisms is shaped by numerous morphological, behavioural and life-history traits such as body size, cooperative breeding and age of reproduction, respectively. Little is known, however, about the relative influence of these different types of traits on reproduction, particularly in the context of environmental conditions that determine their ...

The emergence of new technologies, such as whole genome sequencing systems, which generate a large amount of data, is requiring ultrahigh storage capacities. Due to their compactness and low power consumption, probe-based memory devices using Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric films are the ideal candidate for such applications where portability is desired. ...

Aggressive variants of meningiomas (WHO grade II and III) represent up to 30% of those tumors that are among the most common primary central nervous system tumors in adults. Currently, there is no effective treatment for grade-II and -III meningiomas, the main treatment remaining surgical excision. Genetic studies have highlighted ...

This review covers the molecular mechanisms involved in hair cell and hearing losses which can result from trauma generated during the process of cochlear implantation and the contributions of both the intrinsic and extrinsic cell death signaling pathways in producing these trauma/inflammation induced losses. Application of soft surgical techniques to ...

There is limited evidence surrounding the ability of families of children with autism spectrum disorders to access and implement recommended interventions following diagnosis. The distress a family may encounter with regard to inability to access recommended services is also poorly understood. In this study, we present preliminary data regarding implementation ...

BACKGROUND:Ethanol lock therapy (ELT) has been shown to reduce the incidence of catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI) in intestinal failure (IF) patients. Dosing and frequency remains undefined. Scrutiny of pharmaceutical facilities by the Food and Drug Administration led to the voluntary shutdown of the sole supplier of ethanol, resulting in ...

Please cite this paper as: Chokephaibulkit et al. (2009) Seroprevalence of 2009 H1N1 Virus Infection and Self-Reported Infection Control Practices Among Healthcare Professionals Following the First Outbreak in Bangkok, Thailand. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/irv.12016. A serologic study with simultaneous self-administered questionnaire regarding infection control (IC) practices and other ...

The hollow Co(3)O(4) microspheres were prepared by a gas-liquid diffusion reaction in the presence of ionic liquid [Bmim][BF(4)] in combination with calcination at 300 °C. Their structures and morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The growth mechanism of ...

The human matrix metalloprotease 9 (hMMP-9) is involved in many physiological processes such as tissue remodeling. Its overexpression in tumors promotes the release of cancer cells thus contributing to tumor metastasis. It is a relevant marker of malignant tumors. We selected an RNA aptamer containing 2'fluoro, pyrimidine ribonucleosides, that exhibits ...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ), the viral gene transcribed from the antisense strand, is consistently expressed in ATL cells and promotes their proliferation. In this study, we found that a Wnt pathway-related protein, disheveled-associating protein ...

This article presents a unique approach for the delivery of gene therapy vectors into the cochlea of the laboratory rat. Mice and guinea pigs are established in vivo models for cochlear gene therapy each of which has distinct advantages and disadvantages. The rat has some of the molecular advantages of ...

The recent approval of a prostate cancer vaccine has renewed hope for anticancer immunotherapies. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment may limit the effectiveness of current immunotherapies. Antiangiogenic agents have the potential to modulate the tumor microenvironment and improve immunotherapy, but they often are used at high doses in the clinic ...

Extensive evidence that personal experiences and environmental exposures are embedded biologically (for better or for worse) and the cumulative knowledge of more than four decades of intervention research provide a promising opportunity to mobilize evolving scientific insights to catalyze a new era of more effective early childhood policy and practice. ...

Normally, needles of Taxus baccata during the growth period prominently stain blue for nuclear flavanols with the histochemical DMACA procedure. However, under excess heat and drought conditions, nuclear flavanols of current-year needles decline to zero. Nevertheless, greenish-yellow-coloured flavonols (quercetin derivatives) were still observed in nuclei. All of these yellow nuclei ...

Arterial tone in muscular conduit arteries may influence pressure wave reflection through changes in diameter and pulse wave velocity. We examined the relative specificity of vasodilator drugs for radial artery and forearm resistance vessels during intrabrachial arterial infusion. The nitric oxide (NO) donors, nitroglycerine and nitroprusside, and brain natriuretic peptide ...

OBJECTIVE: Pneumoccocal vaccination is important for patients on immunosuppressive medications, but prior studies suggest that most patients do not undergo vaccination. We evaluated the effects of a point-of-care paper reminder form on being up-to-date with pneumococcal vaccination in a rheumatology practice. METHODS: Selected rheumatologists at five ambulatory practice sites received ...

The Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) model was developed to improve the likelihood of translating health promotion intervention research into practice. In their evaluation of grant proposals focusing on the dissemination and implementation, Kessler and colleagues (2012) proposed a method for evaluating the degree to which RE-AIM was "fully ...

Leaf temperatures were lower when light entry at the leaf tip window was prevented through covering the window with reflective tape, relative to leaf temperatures of plants with leaf tip windows covered with transparent tape. This was true when leaf temperatures were measured with an infrared thermometer, but not with ...

Infiltration of bone marrow with fat is a prevalent feature in people with age-related bone loss and osteoporosis, which correlates inversely with bone formation and positively with high expression levels of peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Inhibition of PPARγ thus represents a potential therapeutic approach for age-related bone loss. In ...

This study explores whether the cognitive advantage associated with bilingualism in executive functioning extends to young immigrant children challenged by poverty and, if it does, which specific processes are most affected. In the study reported here, 40 Portuguese-Luxembourgish bilingual children from low-income immigrant families in Luxembourg and 40 matched monolingual ...

Background. Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IE) adhere to host cell receptors allowing parasites to sequester in deep vascular beds of various organs. This defining phenomenon of malaria pathogenesis is key to the severe clinical complications associated with cerebral and placental malaria. The principal ligand associated with the binding to chondroitin sulfate A ...

In the search for new molecules with potential antiangiogenic activity, we found that several imidoselenocarbamate derivatives effectively suppressed the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by hypoxia in NCI-H157 tumor cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that these compounds inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation triggered by hypoxia, suggesting that inhibition of STAT3 ...

OBJECTIVE(S): Treatment credibility and client satisfaction have received relatively little research attention, but extant findings indicate that some clients and therapists differ in their perceptions of what is helpful about therapy, with greater divergence related to poorer outcomes. This study examined relationships between treatment credibility, perceptions of therapy helpfulness, and ...

CFTR function is tightly regulated by many interacting proteins. Intermediate filament protein keratin 18 increases the cell surface expression of CFTR by interacting with the C-terminal hydrophobic patch of CFTR. K18 controls the function of CFTR. These findings offer novel insights into the regulation of CFTR and suggest that K18 ...

The incidence of cerebral aneurysms is higher in women than in men, especially postmenopause. Although hypertension is thought to be associated with a high incidence of stroke, not all patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms are hypertensive. The possibility of water-free Na(+) storage associated with hypertension has been raised. However, whether ...

Immobilization of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) holds potential for creating surfaces with bactericidal properties. In order to successfully incorporate AMPs into desired materials, increased fundamental understanding of the relationship between AMP immobilization and the efficacy of bound peptides as antibacterial agents is required. In this study, we characterized the relationship between ...

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, most adolescents with mild congenital heart disease (CHD) undergo medical or surgical correction in early childhood for their congenital anomalies. There is a need to examine the determinants of exercise behaviour among adolescents (CHD) who are able to exercise. AIMS: The aims of this study were to examine ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of prenatal mercury exposure and fish intake with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related behavior. METHODS For a population-based prospective birth cohort recruited in New Bedford, Massachusetts (1993-1998), we analyzed data for children examined at age 8 years with peripartum maternal hair mercury measures (n = 421) or maternal report ...

Oligonucleotide-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were designed and synthesized to be delivery vehicles for the clinically used anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and actinomycin D (ActD). Each vehicle contains a tailorable number of DNA duplexes, each possessing three high-affinity sequences for the intercalation of either DOX or ActD, thus allowing for control ...

BACKGROUND: Essential tremor is an abnormal movement characterized by postural and/or kinetic tremor. In some essential tremor patients, rest tremor (RT) is observed but it is not clear if this RT is a feature of essential tremor or a symptom of Parkinson's disease. I123-FP-CIT single-photon emission tomography is used to ...

OBJECTIVE To further characterize the demographics, outcomes, and prognostic factors for refractory status epilepticus (RSE). DESIGN Retrospective analysis of all the episodes of RSE treated between January 1, 1999, and August 30, 2011. SETTING Neurointensive care unit within a tertiary referral center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. PATIENTS Refractory status epilepticus ...

This study presents a novel in vitro model of electrode insertion trauma-induced hair cell (HC) damage and loss and its application for testing the efficacy of otoprotective drugs. In the cochlear implant (CI) procedure as a treatment for profound deafness, an electrode array is surgically inserted to provide electrical stimulation ...

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is an expansile, cystic lesion most commonly observed in the temporal bone. CG is rarely encountered in the paranasal sinuses. Given its paucity in this region, the diagnostic and management aspects remain to be elucidated. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature yielded 66 cases reported as ...

Renewed interest in chlamydia vaccination has revealed the need for a greater understanding of the seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in US populations. We used a Chlamydia trachomatis elementary body (EB)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to define the characteristics of the humoral immune response and to determine seroprevalence. Two groups were analyzed: ...

Heterosynaptic long-term depression (hLTD) at untetanized synapses accompanying the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) spatially sharpens the activity-induced synaptic potentiation; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We found that hLTD in the hippocampal CA1 region is caused by stimulation-induced ATP release from astrocytes that suppresses transmitter release from untetanized synaptic ...

PURPOSEThe prognosis of HIV-infected patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era approaches that of the general population when they are treated with the same protocols. We analyzed the outcome of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) in the ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of 28 blind subjects implanted with a 60-electrode Argus II (Second Sight Medical Products Inc) retinal prosthesis system to detect the direction of a moving object. METHODS Blind subjects (bare light perception or worse in both eyes) with retinitis pigmentosa were implanted with the Argus ...