Extrahepatic biliary atresia classically presents in the neonatal period with jaundice and pale stools. The lack of bile pigment in stool can be unrecognised, delaying diagnosis and surgical treatment. Vitamin K is given at birth to reduce the risk of haemorrhagic disease of the newborn, but this may be inadequate ...

Study Type - Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4 What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Adrenal-sparing approaches should be utilized when performing radical nephrectomy unless there are specific concerns for adrenal involvement. Although current literature demonstrates 10-year cancer control equivalence with adrenal-sparing approaches, such approaches ...

Aim:  This study aims to describe the current approach to intubation premedication in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Australia and New Zealand Methods:  A literature review regarding intubation premedication in the newborn was carried out to inform questionnaire design. A web-based survey of 28 NICUs and two neonatal emergency ...

Helper T (T(H)) cells are an important part of the adaptive immune system. It is hypothesized that one type of helper T-cell, T(H)17 cells, play an important role in idiosyncratic drug-induced liver failure, and it was found that interleukin (IL)-17, the signature cytokine of T(H)17 cells, was elevated in most ...

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a laryngectomee-specific questionnaire to investigate swallowing function. This paper describes the generation of questionnaire items, pretesting with laryngectomees and a preliminary validation. DESIGN: This study employed 2 phases; questionnaire development and questionnaire validation. Items were developed from patient (n=10) and clinician (n=6) focus groups. Content ...

Objectives. Provision for ethnic minority groups has been acknowledged as integral to good maternity care in England and ethnicity has been highlighted as an indicator of both poorer clinical outcomes and poorer experiences. Improving outcomes and services is dependent on understanding women's interaction with both service delivery and provision. The ...

Fas binding to Fas-associated death domain (FADD) activates FADD-caspase-8 binding to form death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) that triggers apoptosis. The Fas-Fas association exists primary as dimer in the Fas-FADD complex and the Fas-FADD tetramer complexes have the tendency to form higher order oligomer. The importance of the oligomerized Fas-FADD complex ...

To estimate the uncertainty of the sample size reduction step, each unit in laboratory samples of papaya and cucumber was cut into four segments in longitudinal directions and two opposite segments were selected for further homogenisation while the other two were discarded. Jackfruit was cut into six segments in longitudinal ...

Leonurus cardiaca is a perennial plant indigenous to central Europe and Scandinavia, but it is also found in the area spanning temperate Russia to central Asia. It has been introduced to North America and has become established locally in the wild. Motherwort (Leonuri cardiacae herba) consists of aerial parts of ...

Abstract Objective: This paper, conducted on 1495 couples in preconceptional period, demonstrates how the study of Globular resistance of erythrocytes (GRO) is not a first choice test and not useful as other more accurate tests to identify subjects with beta thalassemia trait. Instead, the complete blood count (CBC) and the ...

A photo-platinization technique was proposed to deposit Pt on thin TiO2 layer modified indium tin oxide-coated polyethylene naphthalate (ITO/PEN) substrate at low temperature (about 50℃ after 1 h of UV-irradiation) for the first time. The fabrication process includes coating and hydrolyzing the tetra-n-butyl titanate (TBT) to form TiO2 modified layer ...

A series of nanocomposite materials were synthesized using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and NiO nanoparticles by varying the concentration of NiO in the MWCNT host matrix. Such an increment in the NiO particle density actually tunes the degree of isolation among the magnetic nanoparticles. Careful investigation by transmission electron microscopy ...

BMS-753493 is a folate-targeted candidate being developed for the treatment of cancer. As part of preformulation efforts, our aim was twofold - to understand the major degradation pathways and, study its kinetics of degradation to aid drug product development. Given the complexity of degradation, BMS-748285, the epothilone moiety of BMS-753493 ...

Swimmer in the dark: Propulsion of a conducting object is intrinsically coupled with light emission using bipolar electrochemistry. Asymmetric redox activity on the surface of the swimmer (black bead; see picture) causes production of gas bubbles to propel the swimmer in a glass tube with simultaneous electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission to ...

The crystal structure of Sco5413 from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been determined at 1.25 Å resolution, the highest resolution reported for a MarR family transcriptional regulator. Putative orthologs are encoded by the majority of sequenced actinomycete genomes, and may play roles in regulating growth and antibiotic production, but they have ...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the patients' retrospective experiences of the information and support they received while on the heart or lung transplant waiting list. BACKGROUND: Patients differ in the way that they cope with the time spent waiting for a heart or lung transplant. Patients must already before the ...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe what life is like as a woman living with coeliac disease. BACKGROUND: The therapy for coeliac disease is a gluten-free diet, and if sufferers keep strictly to this, it is suggested that they will stay well. However, previous studies point out that people who are ...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a nurse-completed dialysis nutritional screening tool improves referral rates for nutritional support and compare nutrition sensitive biochemical indices, mortality rates and patient-centred quality of life outcomes between referred and non-referred dialysis patients. BACKGROUND: People with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis are nutritionally at risk. ...

Vanadium oxide nanotubes constitute promising materials for applications in nanoelectronics as cathode materials, in sensor technology and in catalysis. In this work we present a study on hybrid vanadium oxide/hexadecylamine multiwall nanotubes doped with Co ions using state of the art x-ray diffraction and absorption techniques, to address the issue ...

SUMMARY We examined the uptake of HIV testing in black Africans living in England before the introduction of national testing guidelines. Analyses were conducted using data from an anonymous self-completed questionnaire linked to oral fluid samples to establish HIV status in black Africans attending community venues in England in 2004. ...

We designed a pilot study of a training module for nurses to perform rheumatic heart disease echocardiography screening in a resource-poor setting. The aim was to determine whether nurses given brief, focused, basic training in echocardiography could follow an algorithm to potentially identify cases of rheumatic heart disease requiring clinical ...

This study aims to investigate the pharmacokinetics of a recently developed radiotracer for imaging of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) in baboon brain, (123) I-INER, using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In addition, it also aims to determine NET occupancy by atomoxetine and reboxetine, two selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, using ...

What is already known about this subject Many preschool children do not participate in adequate physical activity, despite physical activity being a critical behaviour for obesity prevention. Environmental factors such as indoor and outdoor settings affect physical activity levels. Direct observation and accelerometry are valid and complementary methods for assessing ...

Abstract This article examines how pandemic influenza has been framed as a security issue, threatening the functioning of both state and society, and the policy responses to this framing. Pandemic influenza has long been recognised as a threat to human health. Despite this, for much of the twentieth century it ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is described as an inhibitor of plant and mammalian respiratory chains due to its high affinity for cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which hinders reduction of oxygen to water. Here we show that in plant mitochondria NO may interfere with other respiratory complexes as well. We analyzed oxygen ...

Objectives To assess intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the tragus wall distance (TWD) measurement in non-pathologic individuals aged 18-34. Background: Physical therapists evaluate posture as a component of health status. A literature review suggests need for reliable clinical tools to assess head position. Methods: The TWD measurement is the horizontal ...

A stereoconvergent access to chiral carbocyclic building blocks is reported. 6-(3'-Hydroxy-4'-methylpent-4'-enyl)-3-methoxy cyclohex-2-enone () that consists of four stereoisomers, i.e., racemic ca. 1 : 1 diastereomers, is converted to enantiomerically pure carbocycles through a combination of regioselective catalytic asymmetric reduction and alkylative remote stereoinduction. The present stereoconvergent strategy has allowed the formal synthesis ...

Abstract Objective: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is the newest member of the IL-1 cytokine family, a group of key regulators of inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IL-33 is expressed in the human placenta and to investigate its expression in the context of acute and chronic chorioamnionitis. Methods: ...

Six phlorotannins, isolated from Eisenia bicyclis, were evaluated for antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the compounds were in the range 32 to 64 µg/mL. Phlorofucofuroeckol-A (PFF) exhibited the highest anti-MRSA activity, with an MIC of 32 µg/mL. An investigation of the interaction between these ...

Abstract Objective: to compare the accuracy of five different classification systems for interpreting electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) when predicting neonatal status at birth, as determined by the umbilical cord arterial pH. Methods: Ninety-seven cardiotocography traces were retrospectively interpreted according to five classification systems for EFM: DFHRMT, RCOG, SOCG, NICHD and ...

BACKGROUND: Mizoribine (MZR) is an immunosuppressant used for the treatment of glomerular diseases, but there are few reports on the pharmacokinetics of MZR in children. METHODS: First, we performed a pharmacokinetic study on nine childhood-onset glomerular disease patients. The MZR dosages ranged from 1.8-14.5 mg/kg/dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using ...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the JAK/STAT1 signaling pathway in suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA)-mediated down-regulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in gallbladder carcinoma cells. We treated SGC-996 gallbladder carcinoma cells with IFN-γ and SAHA. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of IDO, ...

Abstract Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a serious pregnancy complication associated with increased perinatal mortality and morbidity. Although the majority of cases with FGR result from placental dysfunction, the pathophysiology is incompletely understood. Autophagy is a physiological form of cell degradation exacerbated by nutrient and oxygen restriction, which are both ...

AIMS: This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of two commercially-available 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouthrinses with or without alcohol and examined its antimicrobial activity on oral bacterial species including fresh clinical isolates compared to a chlorhexidine mouthrinse and a control fluoride mouthrinse without CPC. MATERIALS AND RESULTS: Two different approaches ...

Abstract Moderate exercise improves cardiac antioxidant status in young humans and animals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Given that both diabetes and advancing age synergistically decrease antioxidant expression in most tissues, it is unclear whether exercise can upregulate cardiac antioxidants in chronic animal models of T2D. To this end, 8-month ...

Abstract Objective(s): The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between periodontal health and pregnancy outcomes in a large cohort of Italian postpartum women. Methods: 750 postpartum women were enrolled in a case-control study within five days from delivery at three Italian obstetric clinics. Cases were defined as ...

BACKGROUND: A child's gender and ordinal position within a family have varied implications on his or her personality and cognitive development. However, little is known about whether or not parental educational level may moderate the effects of birth order and gender. METHODS: Basic Competence Test (BCT) scores of 290 588 young ...

An active-site-accessible porous metal-organic framework from self-assembling of trinuclear Cu(ii) building units exhibits high CO oxidation activity and significant antiferromagnetic behavior.

PURPOSE: Bioequivalent medications are required by the Food and Drug Administration to have identical warnings on their labels. This requirement has both clinical and legal importance, yet has never been validated. We sought to determine the real-world consistency of electronic labeling for bioequivalent drugs from different manufacturers. METHODS: Using natural ...

The large absorption coefficient of iron pyrite (FeS(2)) nanocrystals coupled with their low-cost and vast-abundance shows great promise as a potential photovoltaic absorber. Here, we demonstrate that bulk heterojunction (BHJ) nanostructures consisting of 80 nm FeS(2) nanocubes (NCs) and 4 nm CdS quantum dot (QD) matrix, lead to a well-defined ...

Th2 cells play a key role in directing immune responses against helminths. Additionally, Th2 cells are crucial for many types of allergic reactions. Whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of other types of Th cells are well understood, Th2 differentiation is still a controversial topic. IL-4 and its downstream ...

Improving traditional crown ether to the water-soluble and high binding ability host molecule is critical to our efforts to model or mimic biological supramolecular systems. In this paper, we converted two traditional crown ethers 1,5-dinaphtho-32-crown-8 and 1,5-dinaphtho-38-crown-10 into the water-soluble tetrasulfonated 1,5-dinaphtho-32-crown-8 and tetrasulfonated 1,5-dinaphtho-38-crown-10, evaluated their complexation with three ...

OBJECTIVES: The 2004 National Comprehensive Cancer Network practice guidelines recommend pelvic lymph node dissection at radical prostatectomy. We sought to examine the adherence to the 2004 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and to test the their accuracy, as well as the accuracy of the most contemporary National Comprehensive Cancer Network, ...

Aim:  Congenital lumbar hernia is an uncommon anomaly with only few cases reported in the English literature. This study was done to study the incidence, associated conditions, management and complications of congenital lumbar hernia repair in paediatric patients. Methods:  Retrospective study of all patients over a period of 20 years ...

Abstract Objective: To investigate pre-pregnancy cardiovascular function and risk factors in women with previous pregnancy complications. Methods: Thirty-four women with previous normal pregnancy (controls), 26 with unexplained recurrent miscarriage (RM) and 14 with preeclampsia (PE) and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), planning to conceive were recruited. Brachial and central blood pressures ...

Aims and objectives.  To describe the self-reported role and professional development priorities of research coordinators in different regions of the world. Background.  Research coordinators employed in critical care settings provide clinical and technical expertise in the development, conduct and completion of clinical research studies. Knowledge of this specialised role is ...

AIM: To determine the contribution of the exosporium, the outer layer of the Bacillus anthracis spore, to soil attachment. Persistence of spores in soil and their ability to infect animals has been linked to a range of factors which include the presence of organic material and calcium (OMC), pH > ...

We propose that the injection of electric currents can be used to independently manipulate the position and chirality of vortex-like domain walls in metallic ferromagnetic nanotubes. We support this proposal upon theoretical and numerical assessment of the magnetization dynamics driven by such currents. We show that proper interplay between the ...

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of luting cement thicknesses on the push-out bond strength of the fiber posts. Materials and methods. Sixty human maxillary canine teeth were endodontically treated. Post spaces were prepared and root specimens randomly divided into three groups: Group 1: ...

It has been suggested for some time that circadian rhythm abnormalities underlie the development of multiple psychiatric disorders. However, it is unclear how disruptions in individual circadian genes might regulate mood and anxiety. Here we found that mice lacking functional mPeriod 1 (mPer1) or mPeriod 2 (mPer2) individually did not ...