Tertiary dentin is deposited inside teeth after various stimuli and serves as a major defensive wall to preserve pulp cells. However, the molecular mechanisms of the activation of quiescent odontoblasts, immature pulp cells and tertiary dentin formation are still unclear. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive gene expression analysis of pulp ...

Current background ozone concentrations ([O3]) over the Northern Hemisphere's mid-latitudes are high enough to damage crops, and are projected to increase. Soybean (Glycine max Merr) is particularly sensitive to O3 therefore establishing an O3 exposure-threshold for damage is critical to understanding the current and future impact of this pollutant. This ...

Abstract Aim of the study was investigating whether iPET is prognostic in a cohort of early stage patients homogeneously treated with 3-4 ABVD cycles followed by 30 Gy Involved Field Radiotherapy. Eighty patients were selected (stage I-IIA HL, availability of iPET, minimum follow-up of 12 months), and after central review, ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is an association between tooth loss, chewing ability, and cognitive function in a general elderly population. DESIGN: Data from the Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old in 2002 were analyzed. Stepwise logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between cognitive ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: With the increasing use of fluorescence in medical applications, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of temperature on tissue autofluorescence is essential. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of temperature on the fluorescence of porcine cornea and rat skin and determine the relative ...

Checking for mistakes: By conjugating a catalytic domain with a guide RNA, deamination activity can be harnessed to repair a specific codon on mRNA. This method can be used for the highly selective repair of point mutations in mRNA by site-selective editing.

Numerous studies have reported the existence of sponge-specific 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence clusters, representing bacteria found in sponges but not detected in other environments, such as seawater. The advent of deep-sequencing technologies allows us to examine the rare microbial biosphere in order to establish whether these bacteria are ...

Radiolabeled lipophilic cationic compounds, such as (18)F-labeled phosphonium salt, accumulate in the mitochondria through a negative inner transmembrane potential. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate ((18)F-fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium salt ((18)F-FPTP) as a myocardial PET agent. METHODS: A reference compound of (18)F-FPTP was synthesized via 3-step nucleophilic substitution reactions ...

The controversies concerning possible overtreatment of prostate cancer, highlighted by debate over PSA screening, have highlighted active surveillance (AS) as an alternative management option for appropriate men. Regional differences in the underlying prevalence of PSA testing may alter the pre-test probability for high-risk disease, which can potentially interfere with the ...

Objective:To compare the effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combined with exercise, classic stretching physiotherapy intervention, and educational intervention at improving patient function and pain in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.Design:Randomized, controlled, blind trial over four months.Setting:Urban population, Spain.Participants:Patients undergoing primary care for retropatellar pain.Intervention:Subjects were allocated on three different treatment ...

N-(9-Oxothioxanthenyl)benzothiophene carboxamides bearing leaving groups (LG(-) = Cl(-), PhS(-), HS(-), PhCH(2)S(-)) at the C-3 position of the benzothiophene ring system photochemically cyclize with nearly quantitative release of the leaving group, LG(-). The LG(-) photoexpulsions can be conducted with 390 nm light or with a sunlamp. Solubility in 75% aqueous CH(3)CN ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Genomic divergence between invasive and native species may provide insight into the molecular basis underlying specific characteristics that drive the invasion and displacement of closely related species. In this study, we sequenced the transcriptome of an indigenous species, Asia II 3, of the Bemisia tabaci complex and compared ...

Introduction : Insulation defects with externalized conductors have been reported in the St. Jude Riata(®)  family of defibrillation leads (St. Jude Medical, Sylmar, CA, USA). The objective of the Northern Ireland Riata(®)  lead screening program was to identify insulation defects and externalized conductors by systematic fluoroscopic and electrical assessment in ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Pinus pinaster Ait. is a major resin producing species in Spain. Genetic linkage mapping can facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) through the identification of Quantitative Trait Loci and selection of allelic variants of interest in breeding populations. In this study, we report annotated genetic linkage maps for two individuals ...

Introduction.  The classification of subjects as low or high cardiovascular (CV) risk is usually performed by risk engines, based upon multivariate prediction algorithms. However, their accuracy in predicting major adverse CV events (MACEs) is lower in high-risk populations as they take into account only conventional risk factors. Aim.  To evaluate ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Several experimental studies in stroke patients suggest that mirror therapy and various virtual reality programs facilitate motor rehabilitation. However, the underlying mechanisms for these therapeutic effects have not been previously described.ObjectivesWe attempted to delineate the changes in corticospinal excitability when individuals were asked to exercise their upper extremity ...

5-Hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptors are cation-selective Cys loop receptors found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. There are five 5-HT(3) receptor subunits (A-E), and all functional receptors require at least one A subunit. Regions from noncontiguous parts of the subunit sequence contribute to the agonist-binding site, and ...

Mast cells are primarily responsible for IgE-mediated allergic responses. The activation level of mast cells is reflected in their degree of degranulation. This can in turn be determined by measuring the amount of β-hexosaminidase release, a key parameter in degranulation. In this study, 40 flavone derivatives, including flavone, 14 methoxyflavones, ...

4-exo-trig Cyclization reaction of a 4-pentenyl carbon radical containing the gem-difluoromethylene moiety adjacent to a radical accepting α,β-unsaturated ester was found to proceed efficiently to furnish a novel gem-difluorocyclobutane derivative. The cyclized product could be transformed into a gem-difluoromethylene analogue of oxetanocin T.

INTRODUCTION: The Australian and New Zealand Haemostasis Registry (ANZHR) included patients who received off-licence recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) for critical bleeding from 2000 to 2009. Approximately 1.3% of the ANZHR patients were Jehovah's Witnesses (JWs). We compared them with the non-JW patients in the registry. METHODS: Patient characteristics (e.g. ...

Inactivation of the tumor suppressor Ras-association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) due to epigenetic silencing occurs in a variety of human cancers, and still largely unknown are the regulators and mechanisms underlying RASSF1A gene promoter methylation. Herein, we report that this methylation is regulated by p53 and death-associated protein ...

Four new dinuclear complexes [Ni(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Ni(H(2)O)(2)]NO(3) (), Ni(μ-L)(μ-OBz)Ni(H(2)O)(MeOH)]NO(3)·3MeOH (), [Ni(μ-L)(μ-9-An)Ni(H(2)O)(MeOH)]NO(3) () and [Ni(μ-L)(μ-OAc)Ni(H(2)O)(N(3))]·CH(3)OH () have been prepared from the compartmental ligand N,N',N''-trimethyl-N,N''-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylbenzyl)diethylenetriamine (H(2)L) and different carboxylate ligands (OBz = benzoate and 9-An = 9-anthracenecarboxylate), and then magnetically and structurally characterized. The X-ray structures of these complexes reveal that the Ni(2+) ions ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Seed germination is of immense significance for agriculture and has been studied for centuries. Yet, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying regulation of dormancy and germination is still in its infancy. Gibberellins are the key phytohormones that promote germination, and the DELLA protein RGL2 is the main ...

Polycationic nanocarriers attract increasing attention to the field of siRNA delivery. We investigated the self-assembly of siRNA vs. pDNA with polycations which are broadly used for non-viral gene and siRNA delivery. Although polyethylenimine (PEI) was routinely adopted as siRNA carrier based on its efficacy to delivery pDNA, it has not ...

Since 2003, China has experimented in some of the country's counties with the private administration of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), a publicly subsidized health insurance scheme for rural populations. Our study compared the effectiveness and efficiency of private vs public administration in four counties in one of China's ...

Gold, silver and rhodium complexes of the diphosphine-phosphine oxide DPPO = {[o-iPr(2)P-(C(6)H(4))](2)P(O)Ph} have been prepared and characterized. Thanks to its polyfunctional character, DPPO features versatile coordination properties. According to crystallographic data, only one phosphine moiety is engaged in coordination towards (AuCl) and [RhCl(nbd)]. However, NMR data indicate fluxional behavior in ...

Thermal reactions of [60]fullerene with a series of amino acids and amino acid esters under aerobic and dark conditions have been investigated. Fulleropyrrolidines can be obtained from these reactions although an aldehyde is not added purposely. Possible reaction mechanisms involving uncommon C-N bond cleavages have been proposed to generate aldehydes, ...

Polyphenols are attractive ingredients due to their purported health benefits, but their addition to foods is limited by their chemical instability, as they are rapidly oxidized under many conditions. This oxidation not only compromises the potential biological activity of the phenolic compound, but can also affect the chemical stability of ...

Sepp1 transports selenium, but its complete role in selenium homeostasis is not known. Deletion of Sepp1 in hepatocytes increases liver selenium at the expense of other tissues and decreases whole-body selenium by increasing excretion. Sepp1 production by hepatocytes retains selenium in the organism and distributes it from the liver to ...

Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of Gibberella ear rot and produces trichothecene mycotoxins. Basic questions remain unanswered regarding the kernel stage(s) associated with trichothecene biosynthesis and the kernel metabolites potentially involved in the regulation of trichothecene production in planta. In a two-year field study, F. graminearum growth, trichothecene accumulation, ...

A photoacoustic spectrometer for the measurement of aerosol absorption spectra, based on the excitation of a pulsed nanosecond Optical Parametrical Oscillator (OPO), will be introduced. This spectrometer is working at ambient pressure and can be used to detect and characterize different classes of aerosols. The spectrometer features a spectral range ...

High intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been associated with clinical progression in prostate cancer (CaP). This study investigates the signalling mechanism by which the omega-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) induces prostatic cellular migration to bone marrow stroma. Western blot analysis of the PC-3, PC3-GFP, DU 145 and ...

Abstract Purpose: In this study, we report our initial experience using microperc for treatment of kidney stones and the implications of the microperc system in bladder stone management. Patients and Methods: Microperc was performed with a 4.85F "all-seeing needle" in 11 patients with stone disease; 9 of the patients had ...

BACKGROUND: Emergency department (ED) violence is common and widespread. ED staff receive both verbal and physical abuse, with ED nurses bearing the brunt of this violence. The violence is becoming increasingly common and lethal and many institutions are still improperly prepared to deal with it. METHODS: A questionnaire based survey ...

BACKGROUND: No- and low-carbohydrate diets delay tumor growth compared to western diet (WD) in prostate cancer (PCa) xenograft studies. The effect of these diets in concert with androgen deprivation is unknown. METHODS: A total of 160 male SCID mice were injected with 1× 10(5) LAPC-4 human PCa cells. Of these, ...

The phosphides REIr(2)P(2) (RE = La-Nd, Sm) and arsenides REIr(2)As(2) (RE = La-Nd) were synthesized by a ceramic route via precursor compounds REIr(2) with phosphorus and arsenic, respectively. Well-shaped single crystals were obtained from lead and bismuth fluxes, respectively. The nine pnictides crystallize with the tetragonal CaBe(2)Ge(2) type structure, space ...

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:000-000 © 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine ABSTRACT: Objectives:  The objective was to determine, among emergency department (ED) patients, the factors associated with a high level of satisfaction with pain management. Methods:  This was a prospective cohort study in a single ED. Consecutive ...

PURPOSE: To improve timely evaluation and management of newly identified, suspected, gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies discovered on radiologic imaging at a safety-net hospital through direct critical results messaging to surgical specialists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To address delays in evaluating patients for suspected GI malignancies identified on imaging, an enhanced workflow was ...

The cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) is a key regulatory factor of gene transcription, and plays an essential role in development of the central nervous system and for neuroprotection. Multiple signaling pathways have been shown to contribute to the regulation of CREB-dependent transcription, including both ERK and p38 mitogen-activated ...

Study Type - Prognosis (cohort) Level of Evidence 2a What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Higher mortality and morbidity rates in men presenting with AUR have been reported in previous studies. This study has comprehensive comparisons of post-TURP complications between patients with and without AUR. Furthermore, ...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a highly toxic gas that can be commonly found in many places. However, it is not easily detected by human olfaction due to its colorless and odorless nature. Therefore, highly sensitive sensors need to be developed for this purpose. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have an immense potential ...

During early mammalian development, primitive endoderm (PrE) is specified and segregated away from the pluripotent epiblast. At a later developmental stage, PrE forms motile parietal endoderm (PE) lying proximal to the trophectoderm, and visceral endoderm (VE) that contacts the developing epiblast and extraembryonic ectoderm. Mouse extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) cells were ...

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a bilateral, usually seasonally recurrent, allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva, characterised by limbal gelatinous hypertrophy and/or upper tarsal giant conjunctival papillae. Although rare in temperate regions, it represents an important cause of hospital referral in many parts of Africa and Asia. Clinical and immunohistochemical studies suggest ...

The use of preventive medications in people at high risk of cardiovascular disease is conceptually straightforward, yet in practice the adoption of such measures is disappointingly low, plus there is wide international variation in preventive therapies.Several barriers might explain this shortfall and variation, but the simplicity and economy of a ...

Background:The transcription factor FOXM1 is an important regulator of the cell cycle through controlling periodic gene expression during the G2 and M phases. One key target for FOXM1 is the gene encoding the protein kinase PLK1 and PLK1 itself acts in a positive feedback loop to phosphorylate and activate FOXM1. ...

Justice Scalia warned in his dissent in ATKINS v. VIRGINIA, 536 U.S. 304, 122S.Ct. 2242 (2002) that the problem of feigned mental retardation would complicate the findings in cases involving the death penalty in low IQ individuals. Validity measurement in low IQ individuals has been criticized, largely with questions concerning ...

The joint modelling of longitudinal and survival data is a highly active area of biostatistical research. The submodel for the longitudinal biomarker usually takes the form of a linear mixed effects model. We describe a flexible parametric approach for the survival submodel that models the log baseline cumulative hazard using ...

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two betamethasone dosage regimens on selected parameters in mothers and on the status of the preterm newborn. Methods: The analysis included 121 patients who gave birth by gestational week 35 and within 7 days after the completion ...

Crystal face lift: Barbituric acid is shown to be a new crystal-habit modifier for sodium chloride crystals. Two morphologies of salt crystals can be prepared separately with this new additive. It is of the few additives able to induce rhombic dodecahedron crystals for NaCl, and is required only a trace ...

Wounding of the oral mucosa occurs frequently in a highly septic environment. Remarkably, these wounds heal quickly and the oral cavity, for the most part, remains healthy. Deciphering the normal human oral epithelial cell (NHOEC) proteome is critical for understanding the mechanism(s) of protection elicited when the mucosal barrier is ...