One of the major complications of conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy is Jones tube extrusion postoperatively. Various tube modifications have been described to promote tube stability. While these variants have been shown to be successful; on occasion, tube extrusion can be recurrent, leading to patient and surgeon frustration and ongoing symptoms. In this case ...

The aim of the research was to determine how knee extensor strength asymmetry influences gait asymmetry and variability because these gait parameters have been related to mobility and falls in older adults. Strength of the knee extensors was measured in 24 older women (65-80 yr). Subjects were separated into symmetrical ...

A 49-year-old woman, who had previously undergone bilateral Jones tube placement, began nasal continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea. The patient's use of continuous positive airway pressure was limited by intolerance of the transfer of air through the Jones tube to her ocular surface resulting in irritation and ...

Accurate and reliable methods for assessing human physical activity (PA) energy expenditure (PAEE) are informative and essential for understanding individual behaviors and quantifying the effect of PA on disease, for PA surveillance, and for examining determinants of PA in different populations. This article reviews recent advances in the estimation of ...

Breast carcinoma metastasizing to the orbit is a well-recognized entity. The authors present a 50-year-old woman with bilateral upper and lower eyelid masses and generalized dysmotility. MRI showed gadolinium-enhancing homogenous soft tissue masses filling both orbits from the eyelids to the apex and a biopsy that confirmed metastatic breast carcinoma. ...

Alcohol abuse is one of the most common factors associated with acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although it is evident that alcohol abuse can have an important role in the development of pancreatitis, it does not seem that alcohol abuse alone is responsible for this disease. We investigated the involvement of ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been associated with reduced bone mineral density, but its association with fracture rates is unknown, particularly in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. Our aims were to determine whether persons with HCV infection alone are at increased risk for hip fracture, compared ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with insulin resistance (IR), which is a condition known to influence the progression of liver fibrosis and the response to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) therapy. We aimed to assess whether a sustained virological response (SVR) after antiviral therapy prevents the development of IR ...

Niacin can effectively treat dyslipidaemic disorders. However, its clinical use is limited due to the cutaneous flushing mediated by the nicotinic acid receptor HCA(2) . In the current study, we evaluated two partial agonists for HCA(2) , LUF6281 and LUF6283, with respect to their anti-dyslipidaemic potential and cutaneous flushing effect. ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on children's leisure time exercise behavior through the classic twin design. Data were taken from The Netherlands Twin Register. The twins were 7 (n = 3966 subjects), 10 (n = 3562), and 12-yr-olds (n ...

GSK962040 is a small selective motilin receptor agonist currently under investigation in clinical trials for the treatment of conditions associated with delayed gastric emptying. As reported in this issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology, Broad et al., studied for the first time the region-dependent contractile effects of motilin and GSK962040 ...

There is conflicting evidence of the effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on the development of allergic diseases in children. Studies have shown that this relationship differs depending on maternal history of the disease. We employed the rigour of propensity score methods to assess this relationship using data from a ...

The aim of this study was to analyze coronary artery vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, the plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3), and their relationship with coronary artery atherosclerosis. Premenopausal cynomolgus monkeys were fed atherogenic diets containing the equivalent of 1,000 IU/day of vitamin D3. Protein was derived from casein-lactalbumin ...

It has been robustly demonstrated using the ultimatum game (UG) that individuals frequently reject unfair financial offers even if this results in a personal cost. One influential hypothesis for these rejections is that they reflect an emotional reaction to unfairness that overrides purely economic decision processes. In the present study, ...

Among individuals with and without concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), racial/ethnic differences in the natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been described. African Americans have lower spontaneous HCV clearance than Caucasians, yet slower rates of liver fibrosis once chronically infected. It is not clear how these differences in ...

A pooled analysis was conducted of 1257 toddlers who received a fourth dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b-Neisseria meningitidis serogroups C and Y-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine (HibMenCY-TT) or Hib conjugate vaccine (Hib polysaccharide conjugated to N. meningitidis outer membrane protein) coadministered with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and varicella (VAR) vaccines (NCT00134719/NCT00289783). Noninferiority ...

Background: A gap exists between the best evidence and practice with regards to surgical site infection (SSI) prevention. Awareness of evidence is the first step in knowledge translation. Methods: A web-based survey was distributed to 59 general surgeons and 68 residents at University of Toronto teaching hospitals. Five domains pertaining ...

Patients with recurrent nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding who have failed endoscopic therapy pose a challenge. Percutaneous transcatheter angiographic embolization (TAE) is an alternative to surgery but remains controversial. This study compares the treatment outcomes in patients with recurrent nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A retrospective single-centre study of consecutive patients who ...

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a positive-strand RNA Alphavirus endemic in Central and South America, and the causative agent of fatal encephalitis in humans. In an effort to better understand the mechanisms of infection, including differences between people who produce a neutralizing antibody response to the vaccine and those ...

The radiation doses used to treat unresectable lung cancer are often limited by the proximity of normal tissues. Overexpression of c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, occurs in about half of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and has been associated with resistance to radiation therapy and poor patient survival. We hypothesized that ...

Structured multidisciplinary patient group education has positive effects on symptoms, health-related quality of life, and disease-related knowledge in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but few studies comparing different forms of educational interventions are available. Our aim was to compare the effects of long multidisciplinary group education with a short ...

In this study, we have synthesized six analogs of a trehalose-pentaethylenehexamine glycopolymer (Tr4) that contain (1A) adamantane, (1B) carboxy, (1C) alkynyl-oligoethyleneamine, (1D) azido trehalose, (1E) octyl, or (1F) oligoethyleneamine end groups and evaluated the effects of polymer end group chemistry on the ability of these systems to bind, compact, and ...

Abacavir drug hypersensitivity in HIV-treated patients is associated with HLA-B57:01 expression. To understand the immunochemistry of abacavir drug reactions, we investigated the effects of abacavir on HLA-B57:01 epitope-binding in vitro and the quality and quantity of self-peptides presented by HLA-B57:01 from abacavir-treated cells. An HLA-B57:01-specific epitope-binding assay was developed to ...

MicroRNAs are important in the development, functioning, and pathophysiology of the central nervous system. Here, we show that increasing the levels of microRNA-320 (miR-320) for 3 days markedly increases neurite length, and at 4 days, reduces the total cell number in Neuro-2A cells. In-silico analysis of possible miR-320 targets identified ...

We compared the diagnostic ability of Stratus and Cirrus optical coherence tomography (OCT) in optic nerve head (ONH) analysis, and examined the effects of optic disc size and peripapillary atrophy (PPA) on their diagnostic capacity. Stratus and Cirrus OCT was performed in 28 control and 78 glaucomatous eyes. ONH parameters ...

Grand-scale community rollouts of evidence-based programs seldom have the capacity to examine long-term sustainability of beneficial effects among older adults. This study examined the effectiveness of A Matter of Balance/Volunteer Lay Leader Model, an evidence-based fall risk reduction program, to sustain fall-related efficacy improvements among 282 older adult participants using ...

Lymphovascular space invasion (LVI) is an established negative prognostic factor and an indication for postoperative radiation therapy in many malignancies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate LVI in patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer, undergoing surgical resection. All patients who underwent initial surgery for pT1-3N0-2 non-small-cell lung cancer ...

Ottawa Public Health in partnership with health staff from the municipality of KEEA (Komenda, Edina, Eguafo, Abrem) in Ghana engaged in a city-to-city partnership to adapt, implement, and evaluate an evidence-based hand hygiene public health initiative in elementary schools in Ghana. All 4 participating schools gained the necessary resources to ...

To summarize recent findings that have examined dietary, genetic and gene-diet interactions that contribute to fat accumulation in the liver during growth and development, with particular focus on contributions relating to dietary carbohydrate and sugar consumption. In addition, this review highlights how some of these contributions to liver fat vary ...

We employed community-based participatory research techniques to adapt an evidence-based self-management program called the Arthritis Self-Help Program for older African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white adults. Participants and instructors provided multiple recommendations for program change (including content additions or augmentations as well as changes in program delivery) in telephone interviews ...

The aim of this study was to measure the costs of delivering a fall prevention program by community agencies in South Florida. Cost data were collected from agencies participating in the delivery of Matter of Balance workshops in South Florida. Cost information included both initial implementation and ongoing workshop delivery ...

Most clinically available small-molecule kinase inhibitors are multi-targeted and can inhibit multiple kinases. Our driving hypothesis was that one of these multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) would have antiproliferative activity against ROS1 translocated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We selected NSCLC cell lines--A549 (KRAS G12S), NCI-H3255 (EGFR L858R), NCI-H3122 (EML4-ALK E13;A20), ...

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been implicated in a variety of biologically important processes, including transcription, DNA repair, differentiation, development, and extracellular signaling. However, the potential role of HMGB1 in tumor biology still remains intractable. Our previous study showed that TLR9 response to CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) in 95D human ...

To characterize the molecular biologic environment of pathological skin in ocular rosacea and to differentiate the levels of inflammatory molecules in ocular rosacea from those of normal skin. The concentrations of 48 molecules were assayed in cutaneous biopsies taken from patients with ocular rosacea and from normal controls. There were ...

The present study investigated the effects of long-term hormone treatment, including the most commonly prescribed progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate, during aging on synaptophysin-labeled boutons, a marker of synapses, in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats. Female Long Evans hooded rats were ovariectomized at middle age (12-13 mo) and were placed ...

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with high mortality and poor prognosis even with the aggressive conventional therapies. Biotherapy based on the understanding of tumorigenesis mechanism is ongoing to improve the outcomes of cancer patients. We sought here to evaluate the therapeutic potential of a proapoptotic gene, ...

Obesity-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent, for which weight loss is the generally recommended clinical management. Low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets have been successful in promoting weight loss, but variations in the range of metabolic responses to these diets indicate that the effects of altering macronutrient content are not ...

This article presents Healthy Kids, Healthy Futures, a multilevel initiative in Boston, Massachusetts, which brings major institutions' missions and resources together to address early childhood obesity prevention. Programming is designed to facilitate healthy eating and physical activity in preschool children's home, school, and community environments by engaging parents and early ...

FP3 is an engineered protein which contains the extracellular domain 2 of VEGF receptor 1 (Flt-1) and extracellular domain 3 and 4 of VEGF receptor 2 (Flk-1, KDR) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G 1. Previous studies demonstrated its antiangiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo, and ...

The micronutrients folate and selenium may modulate DNA methylation patterns by affecting intracellular levels of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and/or the product of methylation reactions S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). WI-38 fibroblasts and FHC colon epithelial cells were cultured in the presence of two forms of folate or four forms of selenium ...

The kinetochore is formed on centromeric DNA as a key interface with microtubules from the mitotic spindle to achieve accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. However, in contrast to other regions of the chromosome, the position of the kinetochore is specified by sequence-independent epigenetic mechanisms. Most recent work on kinetochore specification ...

The etiology of most autoimmune diseases remains elusive. Prevailing evidence suggests an environmental trigger in a genetically susceptible individual. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have managed to survive in a hostile environment in their host for long period and have evaded eradication by the immune system. Its chronic interaction with the ...

This study evaluated the effectiveness of augmenting a youth suicide-preventive intervention with a brief, home-based parent program. A total of 615 high school youth and their parents participated. Three suicide prevention protocols, a youth intervention, a parent intervention, and a combination of youth and parent intervention, were compared with an ...

To give an overview of the current hypotheses of the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever and group A streptococcal autoimmune sequelae of the heart valve and brain. Human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from rheumatic heart disease have provided evidence for crossreactive autoantibodies that target the dominant group A streptococcal epitope of ...

Safe N' Sound is a computer-based tool that prioritizes key injury risks for toddlers and infants and provides tailored feedback. The program was implemented in 5 pediatric sites. Caregiver risk behaviors were analyzed and compared with corresponding national and state morbidity and mortality data. The priority risks identified were generally ...

We have recently proposed to reclassify the pleomorphic subtype of epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) as nonepithelioid (biphasic/sarcomatoid) histology because of its similarly poor prognosis. We sought to investigate whether preoperative maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) correlates with histologic subtype in MPM. Clinical ...

Many multilevel, contextually relevant, evidenced-based health promotion programs are not disseminated widely. The purpose of this study is to describe the adaptation of a published effective tobacco-use cessation intervention, which was implemented and evaluated in a broader population of unionized workers partnering with a health and welfare fund health benefits ...

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and tobacco smoking are confirmed risk factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. We hypothesized that variable DNA methylation would be associated with smoking and inflammation, as reflected by the level of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in AAT-deficient subjects. Methylation levels of 1,411 autosomal CpG sites from the ...

The assumption that fructose may be toxic and involved in the pathogenesis of noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and even cancer has resulted in the call for public health action, such as introducing taxes on sweetened beverages. This review evaluates the scientific basis for such action. Although ...

In comparison with peginterferon/ribavirin alone, boceprevir with peginterferon/ribavirin significantly improves sustained virological response (SVR) rates in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infections, but treatment failure remains a significant problem. Using phase 3 trial databases, we sought to develop stopping rules for patients destined to fail boceprevir-based ...