A photosensitizer catalyzes oxidative coupling reaction of enamines with silyl enol ethers under visible light irradiation by a Xe lamp or sunlight to produce γ-diketones. A 2e-oxidation process involved in this reaction is achieved by a combination of the photoexcited species and duroquinone, a 2e-acceptor.

SMTPs are a family of small-molecule plasminogen modulators that enhance plasminogen activation. SMTP-7, one of the most potent congeners, is effective in treating thrombotic cerebral infarction. The SMTP molecule consists of a tricyclic γ-lactam moiety, a geranylmethyl group, and an N-linked side chain. The presence of both an aromatic group ...

Tetraphenylmethane and tetraphenylsilane were compared as building units for high-triplet-energy, charge-transport materials. Tetraphenylsilane is effective as the building unit in electron-transport materials, whereas tetraphenylmethane is suitable in hole-transport materials (see figure; TSPO1=diphenylphosphine oxide-4-(triphenylsilyl), TSPA=phenyl-N,N-diphenyl-4-(triphenylsilyl)aniline, and TCPA=N,N-diphenyl-4-tritylaniline).

Wheely: We have observed for the first time and very unexpectedly a rupture of the very stable {P(8) W(48) } wheel, in aqueous solution at pH 4 and 80 °C in the presence of Fe(III) , Eu(III) /Gd(III) and H(2) O(2) . This inorganic ring opening is unprecedented in polyoxometalate chemistry.

This study investigated the effect of short-term visual deprivation on auditory steady-state response (ASSR) to amplitude-modulated tones. Magnetoencephalography data were acquired while subjects performed an auditory detection task under both monaural and dichotic presentation conditions. Analyses were performed on the spectral power, mean amplitudes and dipole positions of the ASSR ...

One step Beyond: The transmetallation reactions of ArB(OH)(2) and Ar(3) B(3) O(3) with Et(2) Zn are far more complicated than previously supposed, with solvent-dependent equilibria between ArB(OY)(2) at one side and [RZn(solv)(3) ][BR(4) ] at the other. While the role of the highly reactive organozinc cation has not been implicated ...

What's the charge? X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the charge state and dynamics of charge build-up and decay on a thin poly(methyl methacrylate) film. The film is initially negatively charged to around -2 V and becomes progressively positively charged during the course of the XPS analysis.

Interindividual variability in cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is believed to be largely heritable; however, predictive genetic factors have remained scarce. Using a candidate-gene approach in a human liver bank, we identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Ah-receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), progesterone receptor membrane component 2 (PGRMC2), and ...

A catalyst model comprising platinum nanoparticles deposited on a TiO(2)(110) wafer was prepared in a vacuum, transferred in air, and characterized with a Kelvin probe force microscope placed in a N(2) environment. The topography and local work function of individual nanoparticles were observed with single-nanometer resolution in the N(2) environment ...

A series of lithium complexes were prepared from 2(N-piperazinyl-N'-methyl)-2-methylene-4-R'-6-R-phenols ([ONN](RR')) and characterized through elemental analysis, (1)H and (13)C{(1)H} NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Treatment of the ligands with n-butyllithium afforded {Li[ONN](RR')}(3) [R = Me, R' = (t)Bu, (); R = R' = (t)Bu (); R = R' = (t)Am, (), ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical outcomes between mechanical thrombectomy devices with hydrodynamic mechanism and rotational mechanism BACKGROUND: A number of advantages and concerns have been raised for different mechanical devices but comparisons of clinical outcomes are absent, especially for the treatment of autogenous hemodialysis arteriovenous (AV) fistulas. METHODS: The authors retrospectively ...

The objectives of the current study were to calculate: (1) the expected rates of miscarriage by gestational week; (2) the cumulative risk of miscarriage; and (3) the remaining risk of miscarriage for gestational weeks five through 20, through a systematic review of the literature. We searched MEDLINE for articles published ...

A previous randomized trial demonstrated that adding bevacizumab to carboplatin and paclitaxel improved survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, longer survival was not observed in the subgroup of patients aged 65 years or older. To examine whether adding bevacizumab to carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy is associated with ...

Liquid hydrocarbon fuels play an essential part in the global energy chain, owing to their high energy density and easy transportability. Olefins play a similar role in the production of consumer goods. In a post-oil society, fuel and olefin production will rely on alternative carbon sources, such as biomass, coal, ...

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of pre- and postsynaptic neurons. The early phases of expression are mediated by a redistribution of AMPA-type glutamate receptors: More receptors are added to potentiate the synapse or receptors are ...

Oxytocin (OT) enhances social behaviors such as attachment and parental caretaking. Neural correlates of maternal attachment are found in reward-related brain regions, for example, in the globus pallidus (GP). The present work investigates the effects of OT on the neural correlates of parental attachment. Fathers viewed pictures of their own ...

Background and purpose:  Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative process that has been associated with mitochondrial alterations. Drug inhibitors of electron-transport channel complex II, such as 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP), are frequently used to study the molecular and cellular pathways that are involved in this disease. We studied the effect of 3NP ...

The financial impact of an outbreak of FMD in 2010 on 62 smallholder cattle farmers in four villages in southern Cambodia was investigated by a financial impact survey questionnaire. Financial losses associated with FMD infection were severe with variation depending on whether the animal survived or died or was used ...

Background: While the utilization of integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS) for the quantitative in vivo assessment of coronary plaque continues to grow, the validity of IB-IVUS images obtained from newly developed and conventional systems remains uncertain. Methods and Results: To assess the accuracy and reliability of a newly developed IB-IVUS ...

Recently, 454 sequencing has emerged as a popular method for isolating microsatellites owing to cost-effectiveness and time saving. In this study, repeat-enriched libraries from two southern African endemic sparids (Pachymetopon blochii and Lithognathus lithognathus) were 454 GS-FLX sequenced. From these, 7370 sequences containing repeats (SCRs) were identified. A brief survey ...

A new domino reaction for Nazarov reagents: An efficient approach was developed for the construction of highly functionalized conjugated 2,3-dihydrofuran skeletons. Nazarov reagents were used for the first time in a phosphine-catalyzed domino reaction and successfully used to construct five-membered ring compounds using alcohol as the solvent. DFT calculations indicate ...

Platelets play a critical role in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders and strokes. The inhibition of platelet function is beneficial for the treatment and prevention of these diseases. The phytochemical investigation of stilbenoids from Gnetum macrostachyum Hook. f. led to the isolation of trans-resveratrol (1), isorhapotigenin (2), gnetol (3), bisisorhapontigenin B ...

Respiratory disease is the most important health concern for the swine industry. Genetic improvement for disease resistance is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining good phenotypes related with disease resistance; however, identification of genes or markers associated with disease resistance can help in the genetic improvement of pig health. ...

Integration host factor (IHF) sites are largely absent from intergenic regions of ORFs encoding central metabolic functions in Pseudomonas putida mt-2. To gain an insight into this unequal distribution of otherwise abundant IHF-binding sequences, the transcriptome of IHF-plus and IHF-minus cells growing exponentially on glucose as sole carbon source was ...

Treatment of hematological malignancies (HM) during pregnancy remain unsolved, although the use of chemotherapy during second and third trimester has been accepted because of the low rate of toxicities, the use of cytotoxic drugs during first trimester is generally forbidden. Most of the concerns are related to congenital abnormalities and ...

Advances in sequencing technology allow assessing the impact of rare variation on common disorders. For this purpose, methods combine rare variants across a gene and compare an aggregate statistic between cases and controls. However, sequencing many individuals is costly. Hence, it is necessary to identify case samples that are most ...

High resolution spectroscopy (the finest being 0.01 cm(-1)) was applied in the 75-25 000 cm(-1) and 9-300 K ranges to a 1 mol% holmium doped Y PO(4) single crystal with two purposes: (1) to study the hyperfine splitting of Ho(3+) energy levels of interest for possible quantum manipulation media and (2) to analyze the electron-phonon interaction. The ...

We prepared an aminothiourea-derived Schiff base (DA) as a fluorescent chemosensor for Hg(2+) ions. Addition of 1 equiv of Hg(2+) ions to the aqueous solution of DA gave rise to an obvious fluorescence enhancement and the subsequent addition of more Hg(2+) induced gradual fluorescence quenching. Other competing ions, including Pb(2+) ...

We investigate the electromagnon in magnetoferroelectrics RMn(2)O(5) using combined molecular-spin dynamics simulations. We confirm that the origin of the electromagnon modes observed in the optical spectra is due to the exchange-striction interaction between the magnons and the phonons, and the dielectric step at the magnetic phase transition is due to ...

Covering: up to December 2011Glycosylation represents the most complex co- and post-translational modification of proteins. In addition to N- and O-glycans, almost all combinations, including the nature of the carbohydrate moiety and the amino-acid involved, but also the type of the chemical linkage, can be isolated from natural glycoconjugates. This ...

Unprecedented amido-derivatives of the first, second, and third generation Grubbs ruthenium catalysts were prepared, characterized, and tested in ring-closing metathesis (RCM) of model dienes. In the ruthenium-amide (formally: 2-ruthenaindole) form these complexes exhibit nearly no activity in RCM. However, dramatic increase of activity was observed upon in situ activation with ethereal ...

Autologous breast reconstruction is safe in advanced age, yet no study has examined its effects on the aging abdomen. We, therefore, studied 145 women who participated in a prospective study of abdominal strength following abdominal free flap breast reconstruction, comparing preoperative and late follow-up scores in patients ≥60 years old ...

BACKGROUND: Adult whole-organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) and 'split' extended right lobe donation after brain death (ERL-DBD) liver transplants are considered marginal, but direct comparison of outcomes has rarely been performed. Such a comparison may rationalize the use of DCD livers, which varies widely between UK centres. METHODS: Outcomes ...

BACKGROUND: Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a recessive, X-linked leukoencephalopathy attributed to impaired myelination during central nervous system development, caused by defects in the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene. PMD presents clinical variability, ranging from the severe connatal form to the classic form. CASES: We report the clinical and molecular findings ...

ABSTRACT Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess healthcare utilization and costs for heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HF-REF) in Sweden. Methods and Results: This was a retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients diagnosed with HF-REF during a period of 18 months at 31 primary care ...

The first multistep asymmetric catalysis in flow has been realized using a lithiation/borylation/rhodium-catalyzed 1,4-addition sequence. The three-step sequence starts from readily available and inexpensive aryl bromides, affording β-arylated ketones in good yields with high levels of enantioselectivity.

A brilliant debut! Cinchona thioureas have been reported for the first time as catalysts in the area of asymmetric oxidations. They efficiently promote an unprecedented highly enantioselective epoxidation of deactivated 1,1-disubstituted alkenes to terminal epoxides containing a quaternary stereogenic center.

This case report describes a rare complication that occurred during the performance of a MitraClip procedure. Following deployment of the clip, the portion of the device that attaches the clip to the clip delivery system (CDS), referred to as the radiopaque tip, embolized to the left atrium during removal of ...

Photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) when conjugated to biological effectors forming "caged compounds" are a powerful means to regulate the action of physiologically active messengers in vivo through 1-photon excitation (1PE) and 2-photon excitation (2PE). Understanding the photodeprotection mechanism is important for their physiological use. We compared the quantum efficiencies and ...

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of various human diseases. Aqueous chamomile extract is used as herbal medicine, in the form of tea, demonstrated to possess antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. We demonstrate the cytoprotective effects of chamomile on hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2) )-induced cellular damage in macrophage ...

Controlled trigger finger: A novel class of micelles for targeted drug delivery was developed. The strategy relies on boronic acid-diol interactions as a way of accessing crosslinked micelles having improved stability and quick payload release in response to low pH environments or diol addition.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we examined the predictive value of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in patients undergoing balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). BACKGROUND: The LVEDP is a useful indicator of hemodynamic status in patients with severe aortic stenosis. In BAV, decompensated heart failure is associated with worse outcomes. METHODS: ...

Impulsive behavior is a hallmark of several neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD). Although dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) have a significant role in the modulation of impulsivity their neural loci of action is not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of the selective NE re-uptake inhibitor atomoxetine (ATO) ...

Objective If we exclude masses likely to be judged as easy and "instant" to diagnose by an ultrasound examiner, what is the diagnostic performance of ultrasound based simple rules, RMI, two logistic regression models and real-time subjective assessment by experienced ultrasound examiners? Patients and methods 3511 patients with at least ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the trafficking patterns, radiation sensitivities, and functions of conventional dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the rat liver in an allotransplantation setting. We examined DCs in the liver, hepatic lymph, and graft tissues and recipient secondary lymphoid organs after liver transplantation from rats ...

The center of attention: IscS cysteine desulfurases and IscU scaffolds are involved in biological iron-sulfur cluster assembly. The X-ray structure of an anaerobically produced, mutated (Fe(2) S(2) -(IscS-IscU(D35A) ))(2) complex reveals a cluster coordinated by three IscU cysteines and the IscS active cysteine. In air-exposed crystals the cluster is oxidized ...

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains challenging. An algorithm, facilitated by a questionnaire, may provide a more structured and cost-effective care of patients. AIM: To compare symptom control achieved with empirical therapy for GERD, in an algorithm based on the GerdQ (new structured pathway, NSP), with that ...

Clinical and experimental observations indicated that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitor statins have pleiotropic effects. The present study determined the antinociceptive property of centrally administered simvastatin on the formalin-induced nociception in the mouse. Intrathecal administration of simvastatin at doses of 0.5 - 50 nmol dose-dependently attenuated the second, but not the ...

OATP1A2 is expressed in the luminal membrane of human blood-brain barrier (BBB). The human tissue with the highest OATP1A2 mRNA expression is the brain. We have established a robust BacMam2-OATP1A2 transduced HEK293 system. Among the 36 central nervous system (CNS) marketed drugs tested, hydrophilic triptans, 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonists for the ...

Genes encoding a major structural glycoprotein, E2, of classical swine fever viruses (CSFV) Brescia (subgroup 1.2), Paderborn (subgroup 2.1) and Kanagawa (subgroup 3.4) were constructed by removing the transmembrane domain and adding a C-terminal 6 histidine (His) tag. All the E2 constructs were efficiently expressed in a baculovirus system as ...