This study examined the combined effects of age-based self-categorization and aging expectations on cognitive performance in a clinical context. An experimental study manipulated older adults' salient self-categorization as Younger or Older, as well as expectations that aging involves a specific memory decline versus generalized cognitive decline. Memory and general ability ...

Rho family GTPases control a diverse range of cellular processes, and their deregulation has been implicated in human cancer. Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs) bind and sequester GTPases in the cytosol, restricting their actions. RhoGDI2 is a member of the GDI family that acts as a metastasis suppressor in a ...

To investigate the prevalence, self-awareness, and treatment of hypertension in Lhasa, Tibet, a total of 1370 native Tibetan aged ≥18 years were selected, using stratified proportional sampling. The study showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 51.2%, significantly higher in men (56.0%) than in women (48.0%) (P = .004). The ...

A series of new quinolone-3-carboxylic acids as HIV-1 integrase inhibitors featuring a fluorine atom at C-5 position were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activity in C8166 cell culture. These newly synthesized compounds showed anti-HIV activity against wild-type virus with an EC(50) value ranging from 29.85 to 0.032 μΜ. The ...

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to investigate the effect of surgical technique, implant macrodesign and insertion torque on bone temperature changes during implant placement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the in vitro study, 144 self-tapping (blueSKY(®) 4 × 10 mm; Bredent) and 144 non-self-tapping (Standard implant(®) 4.1 × 10 mm; Straumann) were placed in osteotomies prepared in pig ...

Sulfur is central to the metabolisms of many organisms that inhabit extreme environments. While biotic and abiotic cycling of organic sulfur compounds has been well documented in low-temperature anaerobic environments, cycling of organic sulfur in hydrothermal environments has received less attention. Recently published thermodynamic data have been used to estimate ...

With the increased international emphasis on manned space exploration, there is a growing need to understand the impact of the spaceflight environment on health and behavior. One particularly important aspect of this environment is low-dose radiation. In the present studies, we first characterized the γ- and proton-irradiation dose effect on ...

We present the results of extensive study on novel approach of modeling of ionic liquids (ILs) and their mixtures with molecular compounds, incorporating perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT). The PC-SAFT was used to calculate thermodynamic properties of different homologous series of ILs based on bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imide anion ([NTf₂]). First, pure ...

Conformational flexibility of proteins provides enzymes with high catalytic activity. Although the conformational flexibility is known to be pivotal for the ligand binding and release, its role in the chemical reaction process of the reactive substrate remains unclear. We determined a transition state of an enzymatic reaction in a psychrophilic ...

Megavoltage imaging in image-guided radiotherapy usually suffers from the relatively small fraction of photons present in the energy range providing good soft tissue contrast, which corresponds to photon energies below 50 keV. As a consequence, comparatively high imaging doses are required to form low-noise images. Single-crystal targets can help to ...

We demonstrate an active microfluidic platform that integrates dielectrophoresis for the control of silver nanoparticles spacing, as they flow in a liquid channel. By careful control of the nanoparticles spacing, we can effectively increase the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal intensity based on augmenting the number of SERS-active hot-spots, while ...

Background.  Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Long-term antiarrhythmic therapy (AAT) in these patients has significant shortcomings. The safety and efficacy of pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) for the treatment of AF in CHD is presently unknown. Hypothesis.  We hypothesized that PVAI ...

Introduction. Bradykinin, a vasodilator by nature has been documented to have a protective role against hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Polymorphisms of bradykinin B2 receptor (BDKRB2) gene are reported to be predisposing factors for hypertension. Evaluation of the association between -58C>T and ±9 bp polymorphisms of BDKRB2 with essential hypertension (EHT) ...

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the hepatic manifestation of a metabolic syndrome characterized by accumulation of hepatic fat, inflammation and varying degrees of fibrosis. Angiotensin (AT)-II has been reported to play a role in the establishment of NASH. This study examined the effects of an AT-II receptor blocker, irbesartan, on NASH ...

Liquid N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine (tmeda) was intercalated into preprepared C(6)Li or C(12)Li. X-ray diffraction from the ternary compound indicates an identity period of 11.5 Å. The (13)C NMR line shifts show that tmeda molecules form a screen between the graphene planes and the lithium ions. Small-angle X-ray scattering showed that no higher ...

It is believed that growth factors play an important role in vascular remodeling that is evident in pulmonary hypertension (PH) pathogenesis. In the present study, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in serum and pulmonary artery samples of rats have been analyzed with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH after treatments with ...

Material design in terms of their morphologies other than solid nanoparticles can lead to more advanced properties. At the example of iron oxide we explored the electrochemical properties with an application as a cathode and anode of hollow nanoparticles. Such nanoparticles contain very high concentration of cation vacancies that can ...

Juniperus excelsa Bieb. is used in folk medicine for lowering blood pressure (BP). Its BP-lowering effect, endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilator effects, and cardio-modulatory effect are reported here. The crude extract of J. excelsa (Je.Cr) which tested positive for the presence of anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, sterols, terpenes, and tannins induced a ...

Soybean fermentation broth (SFB) exhibits potent antibacterial activity against different species of bacteria in in vitro assays and animal models. Four isoflavone compounds-daidzin, genistin, genistein, and daidzein-of SFB were analyzed and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. In the in vitro test, daidzin and daidzein had more potent antibacterial activity than ...

EC20, a folate-targeted (99m)Tc based radioimaging agent with a high folate receptor (FR) binding affinity, has been used for both the diagnosis and the staging of FR positive malignancies (currently in phase III trials) and also for the localization of inflamed lesions characterized by the accumulation of FR+ macrophages. Because ...

Objectives  To (i) document the incidence of multiplicity in Nigeria, (ii) compare healthcare utilization during pregnancy and at delivery for singleton and multiple pregnancies (iii)and investigate whether antenatal care modifies the relationship between multiplicity and likelihood of having skilled attendance. Methods  This observational study was a secondary analysis of the ...

Context: Organoselenium compounds have been described as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant action of 2,2'-dithienyl diselenide (DTDS) and its effects in brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in vitro. Materials and methods: Assays for reactive species (RS), lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, MAO A and B activities in ...

T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels have unique electrophysiological properties, suitable for generating Ca2+ oscillations and waves and thus controlling the proliferation of various tumor cells. In the present study, we investigated the role of Cav3.1, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, in neoplastic processes, and compared the differences between Cav3.1 with Cav3.2 ...

When in pursuit of rewards, humans weigh the value of potential rewards against the amount of effort that is required to attain them. Although previous research has generally conceptualized this process as a deliberate calculation, recent work suggests that rudimentary mechanisms-operating without conscious intervention-play an important role as well. In ...

Background: Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare and aggressive intrathoracic neoplasm that is associated with other dysplastic or neoplastic conditions. The prognosis, especially of type II (cystic and solid) and type III (solid) PPB, is poor. High-dose chemotherapy (HDC) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have been attempted to improve ...

The roles of inflammation-associated genes in the pathogenesis of endocervical polyps remain unclear. We thus compared the expression levels of 509 inflammation-associated genes between endocervical polyp tissues and endocervical canal membrane tissues using a gene microarray. Sixteen inflammation-related genes were differentially expressed in endocervical polyps compared with those of normal ...

Persons with mental disorder are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. Once involved in the criminal justice system, offenders with mental disorder are more likely to return to custody while on probation than their nondisordered counterparts, often for breaking the rules of community supervision. Risk assessments and risk management strategies ...

Most patients are prescribed Helicobacter pylori treatment without culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing, as current guidance recommends that patients with recurrent dyspepsia should be tested for H. pylori using a non-invasive breath or faecal antigen test. To determine the prevalence of H. pylori antibiotic resistance in patients attending endoscopy in ...

Ascorbic acid is one of the antioxidant compounds widely used against free radical stress. The present study was undertaken to examine whether ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), alone or in combination, could influence cell viability. The murine neuroblastoma cell line, N2a, was used to perform a dose response curve ...

Objective: Fire is a leading cause of unintentional injury and, although young children are at particularly increased risk, there are very few evidence-based resources available to teach them fire safety knowledge and behaviors. Using a pre-post randomized design, the current study evaluated the effectiveness of a computer game (The Great ...

To reach a greater understanding of the early father-child attachment relationship, this study examined concurrent and longitudinal associations among father involvement, paternal sensitivity, and father-child attachment security at 13 months and 3 years of age. Analyses revealed few associations among these variables at 13 months of age, but involvement and ...

We develop novel calculation and analysis methods for the dynamic first hyperpolarizabilities β [the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties at the molecular level] in the second harmonic generation based on the quantum master equation method combined with the ab initio molecular orbital (MO) configuration interaction method. As examples, we have ...

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the United States and result in substantial burden to the individual and society. Although effective treatments for anxiety disorders have been developed, there has been substantially less focus on interventions aimed at the amelioration of anxiety-related risk and maintenance factors. Anxiety ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that individuals with major depressive disorder have difficulties switching attention from one task set to another. In the current study we examined whether ruminative thinking drives the switching deficits of depressed individuals. A secondary, more exploratory, goal of this study was to examine whether state rumination ...

Theories of attention are compatible with the idea that we can bias attention to avoid selecting objects that have known nontarget features. Although this may underlie several existing phenomena, the explicit guidance of attention away from known nontargets has yet to be demonstrated. Here we show that observers can use ...

Our primary aim in this study was to test the hypothesis that PEA, a member of the fatty acid ethanolamide family and an endogenous PPAR-α ligand, exerts anti-inflammatory effects on SAO shock, causing a severe form of circulatory shock and enhanced formation of ROS. SAO shock was induced by clamping ...

In order to summarize current knowledge about the drug "Krokodil" a systematic review including a literature search of the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google was conducted in December 2011. According to information acquired, "Krokodil" is a mixture of several substances and was first reported to have been used in ...

Abstract We examined the effect of maternal Toxoplasma gondii infection on the behavior and neurotransmitter concentrations of congenitally infected CD-1 mice at 4 and 8 wk of age when latent tissue cysts would be present in their brains. Because of sex associated behavioral changes that develop during aging, infected female ...

The Trithorax and Polycomb groups of chromatin regulators are critical for cell-lineage specification during normal development; functions that often become deregulated during tumorigenesis. As an example, oncogenic fusions of the Trithorax-related protein mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) can initiate aggressive leukemias by altering the transcriptional circuitry governing hematopoietic cell differentiation, a ...

The computational modeling of medical imaging systems often requires obtaining a large number of simulated images with low statistical uncertainty which translates into prohibitive computing times. We describe a novel hybrid approach for Monte Carlo simulations that maximizes utilization of CPUs and GPUs in modern workstations. We apply the method ...

Abstract Depression is highly prevalent in patients with advanced cancer, commonly affecting quality of life. Considering the response delay with conventional antidepressants and the short life expectancy for these patients, treatments for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with faster onset of action are desirable. In this case report, a female patient ...

Cancer in the gallbladder is rare, and each year about 160 cases are registered in Denmark. Most malignant tumours in the gallbladder are adenocarcinomas. We present a rare case of signet ring cell carcinoma of the gallbladder. Signet ring cell carcinomas are particularly aggressive. The tumours are often disseminated at ...

Bronchial asthma is a disease of multifactorial etiology. The natural variability of the DNA sequence within the h-GR/NR3C1 gene affects both the conformation and the activity of glucocorticoid receptors. There are 2 major types of resistance to glucocorticoids (GCS)-resistant asthma failing to respond to treatment with high doses of inhaled ...

Objective: Lifestyle programs can reduce the level of overweight in children; however, maintenance results and adherence to treatment are difficult to achieve. New technologies, such as the Short Message Service (SMS), might be a promising tool for enhancing interventions. The effect of an SMS approach aimed at improving treatment results ...

Objective. The infratemporal fossa (ITF) has historically been one of the most difficult regions of the skull base to access surgically. Available open approaches are complex, are associated with high morbidity, and do not always afford optimal visualization. Endoscopic access to the ITF improves visualization for management of many sinonasal ...

The technologically important exchange coupling in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic bilayers is investigated for embedded nanostructures defined in a LaFeO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 bilayer. Exploiting the element specificity of soft x-ray spectromicroscopy, we selectively probe the magnetic order in the two layers. A transition from perpendicular to parallel spin alignment is observed for these nanostructures, dependent ...

Abstract Background: Diabetic foot ulcers, although associated with macrovascular disease and neuropathy, have a microvascular disease causing ischemia not amenable to surgical intervention. Nitrite selectively releases nitric oxide in ischemic tissues, and diabetes subjects have low nitrite levels that do not increase with exercise. This study explores the safety and ...

Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are expressed at high levels in many cancers and therefore represent attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we report for the first time that the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic BV6 sensitizes glioblastoma cells toward Temozolomide (TMZ), the first-line chemotherapeutic agent in the ...

Objective  To explore barriers to and solutions for effective implementation of obstetric audit at Saint Francis Designated District Hospital in Ifakara, Tanzania, where audit results have been disappointing 2 years after its introduction. Methods  Qualitative study involving participative observation of audit sessions, followed by 23 in-depth interviews with health workers and ...

LSD1 associated with its co-repressor protein CoREST is an exceptionally relevant target for anticancer epigenetic drugs. Hypotheses for the role of LSD1/CoREST as a multidocking site for chromatin and protein binding would require significant molecular flexibility and LSD1/CoREST large-amplitude conformational dynamics is currently unknown. Here, molecular dynamics simulation reveals that ...