Although intranasal steroid sprays are the preferred treatment of the majority of health care providers, this opinion is not carried through to patient treatment.

This article focuses on new antithrombotic drugs that are in or are entering phase 3 clinical testing. Development of these new agents was prompted by the limitations of existing antiplatelet, anticoagulant, or fibrinolytic drugs. Addressing these unmet needs, this article (1) outlines the rationale for development of new antithrombotic agents; ...

Since the earliest beginnings of using X-rays, two forms of examination techniques have been known: X-ray imaging and projection onto films. The new technology very rapidly became widespread. Just a few months after the discovery of the so-called X-rays, the first fluoroscopes (instruments for visualizing internal structures) were constructed and ...

The claim that Derrick T. Vail Sr, MD, was the innovator behind the formation of the American Board of Ophthalmology rests on an interpretation of a single paragraph in a speech he delivered in 1908. Using the technique of historical literary criticism, we identified fundamental flaws in this interpretation based ...

Tolliver BK, DeSantis SM, Brown DG, Prisciandaro JJ, Brady KT. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of acamprosate in alcohol-dependent individuals with bipolar disorder: a preliminary report. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 54-63. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Background:  Alcohol use disorders commonly ...

Natural illuminant and reflectance spectra can be roughly approximated by a linear model with as few as three basis functions, and this has suggested that the visual system might construct a linear representation of the spectra by estimating the weights of these functions. However, such models do not accommodate nonlinearities ...

The shortage of medical specialists in Germany has led to increased competition between hospitals, particularly in the recruitment of young skilled doctors. The quality of training appears to be the critical factor in a clinic's recruiting process. At the same time, the suitability of candidates is decreasing. There is currently ...

A 4-week-old Thoroughbred filly foal with a history of sepsis was evaluated for right hindlimb lameness. Bilateral femoropatellar and femorotibial joint effusions were detected. Ultrasonography and radiography of the right stifle revealed signs of joint collapse and periarticular swelling. Computed tomography revealed abnormalities in the bone density of the medial ...

Laurence Binet Brown, born on August 13, 1927, died in Auckland, New Zealand, on May 17, 2011, after a long illness. His teaching and research centered on the psychology of religion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).

The aim of this study was to verify whether pregnancy was a risk factor for death in influenza A (H1N1)/2009 infection. We compared the case-fatality rates for pandemic influenza among non-pregnant women of childbearing age and pregnant women, besides investigating other factors that differentiated the groups in relation to the ...

Two groups of chickens (Gallus domesticus; White Leghorn; age, 4 d and 2 wk) housed in a university research vivarium were found dead or moribund without prior signs of illness. The overall mortality rates were 92.3% (60 of 65 birds) for the 4-d-old birds and 80% (8 of 10) for ...

The aim of this paper was to demonstrate the usage of an automated computer-based IMT measurement system called - CALEX 3.0 (a class of patented AtheroEdge™ software) on a low contrast and low resolution image database acquired during an epidemiological study from India. The image contrast was very low with ...

Reasons for performing study: During the switch from parenteral to enteral nutrition at birth, endocrine glands such as the pancreas must assume a glucoregulatory role for the first time if the neonate is to survive the transition to extrauterine life. Objectives: To determine the adaptations in pancreatic endocrine function during ...

Results obtained on the intensity fluctuations of flat-topped Gaussian beams in weakly turbulent non-Kolmogorov horizontal atmospheric optics links are represented. Effects on the scintillation index of the power law α that describes the non-Kolmogorov spectrum are examined. Our results correctly reduce to the existing intensity fluctuations of flat-topped beams in ...

People with allergic rhinitis rate their overall health significantly lower than individuals without nasal allergies.

This article provides the rationale for the approach to making recommendations primarily used in four articles of the Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines: orthopedic surgery, nonorthopedic surgery, nonsurgical patients, and stroke. Some of the early clinical trials of ...

Patients with congenital and acquired neurogenic bladder dysfunction due to central and peripheral nervous lesions are significantly limited in their daily lives. The neurogenic dysfunction of the bladder and lower urinary tract are often misinterpreted and later fed to a diagnosis. Without therapy severe complications, including renal damage, could be the ...

Psychophysical data have shown that under mesopic conditions cones and rods can interact, improving color vision. Since electrophysiological data have suggested that rods of dichromatic marmosets appear to be active at higher luminance, we aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of sunlight on the foraging abilities of male ...

Osteopathic physicians were denied the same rights and privileges that were granted to allopathic physicians by the US government regarding voluntary and compulsory service in World War I and World War II. Even after changes to the examination process allowed osteopathic physicians to take the examinations required to obtain commission ...

Drugs used for the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis exert various favourable and unfavourable extra-skeletal effects whose importance is increasingly recognized notably for treatment selection. The therapeutic armamentarium for the prevention and the treatment of osteoporosis is increasingly large, and possible extra-skeletal effects of available drugs could influence the ...

This article provides recommendations on the use of antithrombotic therapy in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). We generated treatment recommendations (Grade 1) and suggestions (Grade 2) based on high (A), moderate (B), and low (C) quality evidence. In patients with acute ischemic stroke, we recommend IV recombinant ...

In J. Opt. Soc. Am. A27, 797 (2010), Yura and Hanson derived what they claim to be "a general expression for the mean level crossing rate for an arbitrary" random process following any desired probability distribution function. On the other hand, the authors themselves assert that in some cases their ...

Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant for treatment and prevention of venous and arterial thromboembolism. It requires regular monitoring and patient adherence to a variety of lifestyle factors that can influence its effect. Dabigatran is an oral direct thrombin-inhibitor recently approved for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. The primary advantages of ...

Proliferation and programmed cell death are important in the formation of morphologic structures and functional activity during CNS development. We used immunohistochemical and TUNEL methods to examine the proliferation and differentiation of neural cells in, distribution of apoptotic cells in, and microglial cell involvement in the removal of apoptotic cells ...

This is a retrospective study of a single center experience in the endovascular treatment of penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU). Sixteen consecutive patients aged 69.1±9.6 years presenting PAU (in the aortic arch in 2, the descending thoracic aorta in 11, and in the abdominal aorta in 3) undergone therapy. Nine patients ...

This study estimated the effect of socioeconomic position on the duration of disability benefits due to musculoskeletal disorders affecting the neck and/or upper limbs. A cohort study including 563 insured workers from the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, registered in the General Social Security System and who received temporary disability ...

The optimal spectral profiles of lighting for naturalness, individual preference, and chromatic diversity were estimated with psychophysical experiments in which observers selected illuminants from a set of metamers of D65 to render outdoor and indoor scenes. For naturalness, the illuminant selected was more spectrally structured than daylight and had a ...

The main treatment goals of conservative treatment of patients with stable coronary heart disease are prevention of symptoms, prevention of myocardial infarction, and heart failure and reduction of mortality. Lifestyle changes (smoking cessation, physical activity) are essential to reduce risk factors. For symptomatic treatment and prevention of angina pectoris, beta-blockers, ...

This guideline addresses the management of patients who are receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy and require an elective surgery or procedure. The methods herein follow those discussed in the Methodology for the Development of Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis Guidelines. Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American ...

The development of the equine placenta involves a series of stage-specific events which ensure that the fetus is nourished throughout its 11 months of gestation. Initially, placental exchange to the developing embryo is histotrophic, via the yolk sac but, as the allantochorion develops and microcotyledons form, haemotrophic nutrition plays the ...

To evaluate the ability of human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ASCs) to survive and differentiate in corneal stroma. Our experiment consisted of 2 phases. First, we cultured h-ASCs in different types of hyaluronic acid (HA)-derived synthetic extracellular matrixes (sECMs) to determine the capability of proliferation and survival of the cells in ...

Aim: The aim was to assess the performance of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in patients recruited in a clinical trial with over the counter analgesics in headache. Methods: The Thomapyrin Study showed the significant superiority of the fixed combination of acetylsalicylic acid + paracetamol + caffeine over the combination without caffeine, the single ...

For a color-constant observer, a change in the spectral composition of the illumination is accompanied by a corresponding change in the chromaticity associated with an achromatic percept. However, maintaining color constancy for different regions of illumination within a scene implies the maintenance of multiple perceptual references. We investigated the features ...

A percept of motion results when a chromatic grating, formed from a spatial alternation between two isoluminant hues, drifts across the visual field. With hue pairs chosen to be equally subjectively dissimilar, the motion is greater for alternation along some directions in color space (orange/blue) than others (green/purple), suggesting a ...

Herschel Weldon Leibowitz, influential experimental psychologist, died peacefully in the presence of his family on February 13, 2011, in State College, Pennsylvania, eight days before his 86th birthday. At Penn State he studied visual illusions, size perception in naturalistic environments, developmental and cross-cultural effects, and even the use of hypnosis ...

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). A total of 247 children aged 2 to 5 years and their parents/guardians participated in this study. A clinical oral examination was performed and the parents/guardians completed the ECOHIS ...

The Abney effect refers to changes in the hue of lights as they are desaturated. Normally the purity is varied by desaturating with a fixed spectrum. Mizokami et al. [J. Vis.6, 996 (2006)] instead varied purity by using Gaussian spectra and increasing their bandwidth. Under these conditions the hues of ...

The ipsilateral external carotid artery (ECA) can potentially provide an important collateral pathway for cerebral blood flow in the presence of occlusion or severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA), recovering up to 15% of the middle cerebral arterial flow. The aim of the study is to elucidate the ...

This article addresses the treatment of VTE disease. We generated strong (Grade 1) and weak (Grade 2) recommendations based on high-quality (Grade A), moderate-quality (Grade B), and low-quality (Grade C) evidence. For acute DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE), we recommend initial parenteral anticoagulant therapy (Grade 1B) or anticoagulation with rivaroxaban. ...

Presents an obituary for Marianne l. Simmel (1923-2010). She was a diplomate in clinical psychology and a fellow of five divisions of the American Psychological Association, including Division 10 (Society for the Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts), which she served as president (1969- 1970) and which named her ...

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of probable psychiatric disorders diagnosed during pregnancy and related sociodemographic causative factors among 712 women between the 16th and 36th week of pregnancy receiving prenatal care in 18 basic health units in Porto Alegre and Bento Gonçalves in southern Brazil. ...

Diabetes mellitus is an epidemic multisystemic chronic disease that frequently is complicated by complex wound infections. Innovative topical antimicrobial therapy agents are potentially useful for multimodal treatment of these infections. However, an appropriately standardized in vivo model is currently not available to facilitate the screening of these emerging products and ...

This study aimed to investigate the impact of carotid artery stenting (CAS) on plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured in 61 patients before CAS, 1 h, 2 weeks, 1 month, 6 months, and ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, predominantly involving myelinated neurons of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Optic neuritis is frequently associated with MS and often precedes other neurologic deficits associated with MS. A large number of patients experience visual ...

The objective of this article is to summarize the published literature concerning the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral anticoagulant drugs that are currently available for clinical use and other aspects related to their management. We carried out a standard review of published articles focusing on the laboratory and clinical characteristics ...

To explore cell subsets and molecules that changed specifically in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who had an optimal response to natalizumab. Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits the migration of activated immune cells to the central nervous system. It shows high efficacy in modifying the natural history of ...

Olfactory dysfunction is described in several neuropsychiatric disorders but there is little research on olfactory processing in bipolar disorder. We assessed odor detection threshold (sensitivity) and smell identification test scores, along with symptoms, cognition, and social function in 20 DSM-IV bipolar disorder patients and 44 control subjects. The patient and ...

Color discrimination was estimated using the Cambridge Colour Test (CCT) in 160 normal trichromats of four life decades, 20-59 years of age. For each age cohort, medians and tolerance limits of the CCT parameters are tabulated. Compared across the age cohorts (Kruskal-Wallis test), the Trivector test showed increases in the ...

Reasons for performing the study: Bacterial meningoencephalitis is a severe complication in septic foals and there is scarce and often unclear information in the equine literature. Objectives: To report the most frequent clinical signs, clinicopathological findings, causative agents, treatments given and outcome of a group of foals with confirmed bacterial ...

Success in visually searching for a small object or target in a natural scene depends on many factors, including the spatial structure of the scene and the pattern of observers' eye movements. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent local color properties of natural scenes can ...