Ever since Themistocles Gluck described the use of an ivory cup as a tibial hemiarthroplasty in 1894, knee arthoplasty has continued to evolve. Both human ingenuity and intensive clinical research has led to an improved understanding of biomaterials and knee kinematics, resulting in the modern total knee replacement which has ...

Patients with a pierced tongue are appearing with increasing frequency in our anaesthetic practice and much has been written in the literature over the past decade. Some patients are reluctant to remove their piercing when requested to do so. The literature suggests that it can take between 4 and 6 ...

The drive to improve clinical care and productivity in the NHS has required an innovative approach in the use of the resources and skills of the workforce. With rapidly evolving technology, surgical and anaesthetic techniques, concentration is increasingly being placed on improving patient focused pathways, aiming to return patients back ...

Man has suffered from bladder stones since the earliest times. The oldest specimen of a bladder stone so far discovered was obtained at the excavation of a grave of a boy of about 16 in an ancient Egyptian burial ground and was dated at around 4800 BC. Of the triad ...

Effective communication within the operating department is essential for achieving patient safety. A large part of the perioperative communication is non-verbal. One type of non-verbal communication is 'object communication', the most common form of which is clothing. The colour coding of clothing such as scrubs has the potential to optimise ...

Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure which is increasingly being performed in the intensive care unit (ICU) rather than the operating room (Griffiths et al 2005, Delaney et al 2006). Procedural knowledge including postoperative care is essential for ENT surgeons and ICU practitioners alike. Our article aims to highlight the operative ...

Objective: To present athletic trainers with recommendations for safe weight loss and weight maintenance practices for athletes and active clients and to provide athletes, clients, coaches, and parents with safe guidelines that will allow athletes and clients to achieve and maintain weight and body composition goals.

Objective: To present the case of a collegiate pitcher with type I diabetes mellitus who developed transient global amnesia and to characterize the acute onset of symptoms and clinical diagnosis of this rarely reported neurologic condition in the student-athlete population.

Context: Membership in the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) has declined in recent years, generating much debate about professional commitment.

Context: Treating both the body and the mind of an injured or ill patient is accepted as necessary for full healing to occur. However, treating the spiritual needs of the patient has less consensus.

Context: Little is known about pitching performance or lack of it among Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers who undergo operative treatment of rotator cuff tears.

Context: A database describing the range of normal rotator cuff strength values in uninjured high school pitchers has not been established. Chronologic factors that contribute to adaptations in strength also have not been established.

Context: The magnitude of motion that is normal for the throwing shoulder in uninjured baseball pitchers has not been established. Chronologic factors contributing to adaptations in motion present in the thrower's shoulder also have not been established.

Context: In a recent study, we were unable to measure lidocaine in the human calf at a 5-mm depth via iontophoresis. We surmised that this might be due to a lack of epinephrine in the compound. Because epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, it might allow the drug to pass beyond the ...

Context: Iontophoresis is used frequently in physical medicine and rehabilitation, but many research techniques do not adequately measure it for depth of medicine delivery.

Context: Neuromuscular deficits in leg muscles that are associated with arthrogenic muscle inhibition have been reported in people with chronic ankle instability, yet whether these neuromuscular alterations are present in individuals with acute sprains is unknown.

Context: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a term used to identify a condition associated with recurrent ankle sprains and persistent symptoms. Balance deficits, evaluated using center-of-pressure (COP) force-plate measurements, have been shown to occur in people with CAI.

Context: Multiple factors have been suggested to increase the risk of faulty dynamic alignments that predict noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. Few researchers have examined this relationship using an integrated, multifactorial approach.

Context: Groin pain is commonly experienced by athletes involved in field-based sports and is particularly prevalent in Gaelic Games athletes. The adductor squeeze test is commonly used in the assessment of groin pain and injuries. To date, no evidence in the literature provides the reliability of the adductor squeeze test ...

Context: The known detrimental effects of sport concussions on motor system function include balance problems, slowed motor execution, and abnormal motor cortex excitability.

Context: The QT interval variability index (QTVI) is a noninvasive measure of beat-to-beat fluctuations of the QT interval as seen from a single electrocardiographic lead. It represents the relationship between the respective variabilities of the QT and R-R intervals. Recently, the QTVI was demonstrated to be an index of vagal ...